• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.172-177
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• 1990

12세로 추정된 시설아동의 2년간 지속된 구토행위를 행동치료 방법을 사용하여 치료하였다. 이 아동의 구토행위 형태는 바닥에 음식을 토해 낸 후 $2{\sim}3$ 차례에 걸쳐 토한 음식을 다시 먹는 것이었다. 치료 방법으로 일단 토해 낸 음식을 다시 먹지 못하도록 하기 위해 음식을 토할 때마다 즉시 토한 음식을 치웠다. 일단 위에 들어간 음식을 역류시켜 바닥에 토하지는 않았지만 입안에서 씹을때는 입을 강제로 벌려 입안의 음식물을 제거하였다. 치료는 약 3주간 지속되었는데 식사 후 2시간 30분동안 치료전에는 평균 46회($범위=30{\sim}62회$)토했고 치료 후에는 평균 1.12회($범위=0{\sim}10회$)로 감소하였다. 치료 종료 후 10개월이 지난 뒤에도 아동의 구토행위는 재발되지 않았다. 따라서 토하는 행위를 강화시키는 요인인 '토해낸 음식을 다시 먹는 기회'를 박탈한 본 연구의 치료방법은 구토행위의 치료에 매우 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2012

Agriculture is dependable to weather condition and its change so that it is necessary to understand the impacts of climatic change. The aim of this study is to analyze the change of consumptive use of water and rice yield due to climate change using CERES-Rice. In this study, the weather data of three emission scenario of A1B, A2 and B1 created from CGCM (Coupled General Circulation Model) were used from 2011 to 2100, and downscaled daily weather data were simulated using LARS-WG (Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator). The input data for cultivated condition for simulating CERSE (Crop-Environment Resource Synthesis)-Rice were created referring to standard cultivation method of paddy rice in Korea. The results showed that consumptive uses of water for paddy rice were projected decreasing to 4.8 % (2025s), 9.1 % (2055s), 12.6 % (2085s) comparing to the baseline value of 403.5 mm in A2 scenario. The rice yield of baseline was 450.7 kg/10a and projected increasing to -0.4 % (2025s), 3.9 % (2055s), 17.5 % (2085s) in A1B scenario. The results demonstrated relationships between consumptive use of water and rice yields due to climate change and can be used for the agricultural water resources development planning and cultivation method of paddy rice for the future.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were 1) to determine the effects of low-dye taping on peak plantar pressure following treadmill walking exercise, 2) to determine whether the biomechanical effectiveness of low-dye taping in peak plantar pressure was still maintained following removal of the tape during treadmill walking, and 3) to determine the trend towards a medial-to-lateral shift in peak plantar pressure in the midfoot region before and after application of low-dye taping. Twenty subjects with flexible flatfoot were recruited using a navicular drop test. The peak plantar pressure data were recorded during five treadmill walking sessions: (1) un-taped, (2) baseline-taped, (3) after a 10-minute treadmill walking exercise, (4) after a 20-minute treadmill walking exercise, and (5) after removal of the taping. The foot was divided into six parts during the data analysis. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to investigate peak plantar pressure variations in the six foot parts in the five sessions. This study resulted in significantly increased medial forefoot peak plantar pressure compared to the un-taped condition (p=.017, post 10-minute treadmill walking exercise) and (p=.021, post 20-minute treadmill walking exercise). The peak plantar pressure in the lateral forefoot showed that there was a significant decrease after sessions of baseline-taped (p=.006) and 10-minute of treadmill walking exercise (p=.46) compared to the un-taped condition. The tape removal values were similar to the un-taped values in the five sessions. Thus, the findings of the current study may be helpful when researchers and clinicians estimate single taping effects or consider how frequently taping should be replaced for therapeutic purposes. Further studies are required to investigate the evidence in support of biomechanical effectiveness of low-dye taping in the midfoot region.

• Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2018

Objectives. Two main digital signal processing technologies inside the modern hearing aid to provide the best conditions for hearing aid users are directionality (DIR) and digital noise reduction (DNR) algorithms. There are various possible settings for these algorithms. The present study evaluates the effects of various DIR and DNR conditions (both separately and in combination) on listening comfort among hearing aid users. Methods. In 18 participants who received hearing aid fitting services from the Rehabilitation School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences regularly, we applied acceptable noise level (ANL) as our subjective measure of listening comfort. We evaluated both of these under six different hearing aid conditions: omnidirectional-baseline, omnidirectional-broadband DNR, omnidirectional-multichannel DNR, directional, directional-broadband DNR, and directional-multichannel DNR. Results. The ANL results ranged from -3 dB to 14 dB in all conditions. The results show, among all conditions, both the omnidirectional-baseline condition and the omnidirectional-broadband DNR condition are the worst conditions for listening in noise. The DIR always reduces the amount of noise that patients received during testing. The DNR algorithm does not improve listening in noise significantly when compared with the DIR algorithms. Although both DNR and DIR algorithms yielded a lower ANL, the DIR algorithm was more effective than the DNR. Conclusion. The DIR and DNR technologies provide listening comfort in the presence of noise. Thus, user benefit depends on how the digital signal processing settings inside the hearing aid are adjusted.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

Background: Cervical dysfunction is a common pathomechanical marker in individuals with forward head posture (FHP). To overcome the limitations of the isometric chin-tuck (ICT) exercise, dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS), which emphasizes an entire spinal chain exercise, has recently shown promising clinical results. Objects: Purpose of this study was to compare the immediate effects between ICT and DNS techniques. Methods: 43 young subjects (mean age, $24.0{\pm}5.0$ years) were recruited. Group of subjects with FHP were measured under baseline, ICT, and DNS conditions. Outcome measures included sitting height, longus colli (LC) and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle thickness and LC/SCM thickness ratio. One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the continuous dependent variables among FHP, ICT, and DNS conditions at p<.016. Results: Both ICT and DNS exercise conditions yielded significantly increased LC muscle thickness, LC/SCM thickness ratio and sitting height than did FHP condition (p<.0001, respectively). Sitting height was significantly greater in DNS exercise than in the ICT exercise (p<.0001). Conclusion: The present results demonstrated that sitting height was greater in the DNS exercise than in the ICT exercise, as well as both corrective postural training exercises were effective on LC/SCM muscle balance ratio when compared with the baseline FHP condition. Therefore, it is considered that DNS exercise can be the recommended exercise for people with FHP.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2015년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.59-60
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• 2015

In this study, stress-strain, thermal expansion strain, total strain and high temperature creep strain of ultra-high-strength concrete with compressive strengths of 80, 130, and 180MPa were experimentally evaluated considering elevated temperature and loading condition. Also, transient creep strain has been calculated by using the results of experiment. Experimental coefficient K was proposed with application of non-steady state creep model. It is considered that the experimental results of this study could be baseline data for deformation behavior analysis of ultra-high-strength concrete.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2014

In this paper, a fuzzy inference system and an analytical hierarchy process-based online evaluation technique is developed to monitor the condition of the 32-km Donghai Bridge in Shanghai. The system has 478 sensors distributed along eight segments selected from the whole bridge. An online evaluation subsystem is realized, which uses raw data and extracted features or indices to give a set of hierarchically organized condition evaluations. The thresholds of each index were set to an initial value obtained from a structure damage and performance evolution analysis of the bridge. After one year of baseline monitoring, the initial threshold system was updated from the collected data. The results show that the techniques described are valid and reliable. The online method fulfills long-term infrastructure health monitoring requirements for the Donghai Bridge.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 1993

This experiment was carried out to detect the residues of sulfonamides in raw milk. Raw milks which does not contain sulfonamides was collected from one of the farm and fortified with 5 sulfonamides (sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfaqinoxaline). The sulfonamides in the fortified sample were extracted and detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. UV /vis detector was used in this experiment. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. Chloroform was good as a extracting solution. 2. 15.5% methanol in PDP as a mobile phase solution was best detective condition for SMR, SMT, SMM. But for SDM and SQN the best condition was 23% methanol. 3. The detectable limits of SMR, SMT, SMM were 2ppb. but SDM and SQN were 20ppb because of delayed retention time and relatively low recovery rate. 4. The peaks of SMR, SMT, SMM and SDM were erected at baseline and the apexes were sharp but SQN was round shape.

• 센서학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.80-88
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 로봇의 3차원 작업을 위한 센서로 사용된 스테레오 카메라의 위치 결정 문제를 다룬다. 공통의 기준선상에 평행한 시선을 가지도록 설치된 스테레오 카메라의 모델이 주어진 후, 보정에 사용된 제어점들의 불확실성에 둔감하고 로봇의 반복정밀도를 고려한 오차 조건을 만족시킬 수 있도록 센서의 계측거리가 결정된다. 두 카메라간의 간격은 3차원 위치 오차와 스테레오 영상좌표 오차와의 관계를 고려하여 이들이 최소화될 수 있도록 결정하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법은 기존의 기법들과는 달리 3차원의 문제를 피계측체의 모델링 과정이나 복잡한 제한조건 없이 접근함으로써 일반적이며, 모의실험을 통하여 유용함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to investigate the effectiveness of an 8-week virtual reality exercise program designed around the Nintendo Wii (Wii), in improving balance among patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods: The study included 16 patients with MS (10 female, 6 male) who were assigned randomly to experimental (n=8) or control group (n=8). Experimental group performed three 40-minute Wii balance-training sessions per week, for 8 weeks. The control group did not perform any of the training programs. A computerized dynamic posturography (Sensory Organizing Test, SOT) was used to evaluate all patients at baseline and at the end of the treatment protocol. Statistical significance was tested in between the patients before and after treatment by t-test. Results: After 24 training sessions, SOT showed significant difference on condition 5, 6, and vestibular ratios within the experimental group from baseline to post-intervention. By contrast, no significant difference was observed within the control groups. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that the virtual reality training program could improve the outcomes in terms of balance in the MS population. Long term follow ups and the development of more efficient virtual reality training programs are needed.