• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to present base data for an efficient management of medical expenses at the hospital management by doing grasp of status of medical expenses from seamen's insurance by voluntary agreements. A Object of study is analyzing the data of medical expenses occurred from the total number of 2,699(inpatients 507, outpatients 2,192)cases who were covered by seamen's insurance at a general hospital which is located in Pusan Metropolitan City during 48 months from January 1, 2009 to Dec 31, 2012. The main results of this study are as follows: accrual medical expenses are the ship management companies member of P&I insurance is the most highest but share of receivables are the Korean ocean-going companies member of P&I insurance is the most highest, therefore, Korean ocean-going companies focus strictly than the payments from accounts receivable management should be considered to reduce the occurrence and concerning the turn around period of medical receivables are 4 months to 6 months during a research period. Therefore, it will be needed for managers of hospitals to prepare differentiated management based on the characteristics of each in insurer and to have recovery strategies of uncollected medical expenses.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.7 no.1 s.23
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• pp.39-47
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• 2005

Fiber reinforced soils have recently implemented to fills and base layers of highways and railroads, and deformation behaviors of reinforced soils in turn should be investigated. The paper evaluated deformation characteristics of fiber reinforced sands and their effectiveness of reinforcement using resonant column tests. The specimens were prepared by varying gradation and mixing polypropylene staple fibers of 0.3% fiber content. Maximum shear moduli of reinforced sands were increased by up to 30% with increasing uniformity coefficient. Shear moduli of well-graded reinforced sands were larger than those of poorly-graded ones regardless of confining pressure in the whole range of shearing strain and reinforcement was, in turn, more effective with higher uniformity coefficient.

• BMB Reports
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.426-430
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• 1997

The helical periodicity of the triple-stranded $(dT)_n{\cdot}(dA)_n{\cdot}(dT)_n$ sequence was determined by measuring gel-mobilities of bent DNA fragments containing the sequence. In the bent DNA fragments, a $GA_{22}G$ $CT_{22}C$ sequence was located between two bent DNA loci composed of six $A_{6}{\cdot}T_{6}$ repeats. and the DNA length between the bent DNA loci was varied by 1 base pair over a full helical turn. The gel mobility of each bent DNA fragment reflected the overall extent of DNA bending and varied with the DNA length between the two bent loci. Mobilities of the bent DNA fragments in 5% polyacrylamide gel were measured after preincubating the DNA fragments both in the presence and absence of $CT_{22}C$ oligonucleotide. By comparing the bent DNA fragments containing an intermolecular triplex structure with those of a genuine duplex structure in the gel mobilities, the helical periodicity of the $T_n{\cdot}A_n{\cdot}T_n$ triplex DNA was determined to be $11.5({\pm}0.3)bp/turn$.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.160-168
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• 2000

In this paper, we study how the remote controllable mobile robot which could come to many via points with FLC(Fuzzy Logic Control) efficiently. The fabricated robot stop after the movement of single path method by four kinds of commands (forward, backward, turn left, turn right). To reduce disadvantages of this driving type, this paper reduce via points to goal position base on map which get from senor, let robot drive via point to via point on optimized path. An algorithm for the avoidance of unexpected obstacles by FLC is developed. And these algorithms are confirmed by computer simulations

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.280-283
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• 2004

This paper discribes the design concept, fabrication process and measuring result of 2.5kV Gate Commutated Thyristor devices. Integrated gate commutated thyristors(IGCTs) is the new power semiconductor device used for high power inverter, converter, static var compensator(SVC) etc. Most of the ordinary GTOs(gate turn-off thyristors) are designed as non-punch-through(NPT) concept; i.e. the electric field is reduced to zero within the N-base region. In this paper, we propose transparent anode structure for fast turn-off characteristics. And also, to reach high breakdown voltage, we used 2-stage bevel structure. Bevel angle is very important for high power devices, such as thyristor structure devices. For cathode topology, we designed 430 cathode fingers. Each finger has designed $200{\mu}m$ width and $2600{\mu}m$ length. The breakdown voltage between cathode and anode contact of this fabricated GCT device is 2,715V.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.239-250
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• 2003

The reliability degradation phenomena in the SiGe hetero-junction bipolar transistor (HBT) are investigated in this review. In the case of the SiGe HBT the decrease of the current gain, the degradation of the AC characteristics, and the offset voltage are frequently observed, which are attributed to the emitter-base reverse bias voltage stress, the transient enhanced diffusion, and the deterioration of the base-collector junction due to the fluctuation in fabrication process, respectively. The reverse-bias stress on the emitter-base junction causes the recombination current to rise, increasing the base current and degrading the current gain, because hot carriers formed by the high electric field at the junction periphery generate charged traps at the silicon-oxide interface and within the oxide region. Because of the enhanced diffusion of the dopants in the intrinsic base induced by the extrinsic base implantation, the shorter distance between the emitter-base junction and the extrinsic base than a critical measure leads to the reduction of the cut-off frequency ($f_t$) of the device. If the energy of the extrinsic base implantation is insufficient, the turn-on voltage of the collector-base junction becomes low, in the result, the offset voltage appears on the current-voltage curve.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2008

This paper presents a new Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor(IGBT) based on Non Punch Through(NPT) IGBT structure for power switching device. The proposed structure has adding N+ beside the P-base region of the conventional IGBT structure. The added n+ diffusion of the proposed device ensure device has faster turn-off time and lower forward conduction loss than the conventional IGBT structure. But, added n+ region can reduce th breakdown voltage and latching current density of the proposed device due to its high doping concentration. This problems can be overcome by using diverter on the right side of the device. In the simulation results, turn-off time of the proposed device is 0.3us and the on-state voltage drop is 3V. The results show that the proposed device has superior characteristic than conventional structure.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.118-129
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• 2008

This paper describes an IEEE 802.15.4-based hierarchical sensor network model for a VAWS(Vehicle Approach Warning System) which provides the drivers of vehicles approaching a sharp turn with the information about vehicles approaching the same turn from the opposite end. In the proposed network model, a tree-structured topology, that can prolong the lifetime of network is formed in a self-organizing manner by a topology control protocol. A simple but efficient routing protocol, that creates and maintains routing tables based on the network topology organized by the topology control protocol, transports data packets generated from the sensor nodes to the base station which then forwards it to a display processor. These protocols are designed as a network layer extension to the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC. In the simulation, which models a scenario with a sharp turn, it is shown that the proposed network model achieves a high-level performance in terms of both energy efficiency and throughput simultaneously.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1146-1151
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• 2019

Histogram H is an x-monotone rectilinear polygon with a horizontal edge, called by a base, connecting the leftmost vertical edge and the rightmost vertical edge. Here the rectilinear polygon is a polygon with only horizontal and vertical edges and the x- monotone polygon P is a polygon in which every line orthogonal to the x-axis intersects P at most twice. Walking counterclockwise on the boundary of a histogram H yields a sequence of left turns and right turns at its vertices. Conversely, a given sequence of the turns at the vertices can be realized by a histogram. In this paper, we consider the problem of finding a histogram to realize a given turn sequence. Particularly, we will find the histograms to minimize its area and its bounding box. It will be shown that both of the problems can be solved by linear time algorithms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.312-319
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• 1994

Recently, with the rapid development in the industries such as an iron mill and chemical plants, there is enlarged by the use of the piping. Sepecially, the piping connected with a fluid, if it is increase the speed of running fluid, ought to generate cavitation phenomenon with unbalanced pressure. So, the cavitation phenomenon cause serious damage of the piping, because it generate erosion and corrosion in the piping. In this study, the steel pipe piping water (SPPW) and SPPW on weldment were tested by using of cavitation-erosion test apparatus with nozzle and were investigated under the marine environment of liquid. (specific resistance : 25 $Omega$. cm) The main results obtained are as follows : 1) The total weight loss and weight loss rate of affected zone of weldment by corrosion-erosion in the sea water are more increased than that of base metal. 2) The electrode potential by corrosion-erosion in the sea water becomes less noble than that of base metal, and current density is more increased. 3) As time goes by, the total weight loss and weight loss rate by cavitation erosion-corrosion in air-liquid 2 phase flow become more increased then those in only liquid solution. but these values turn to be decreased.