• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.99-115
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to improve the curriculum of the physical education by recognizing the necessity of new physical education to meet the needs of the sports industry. As a preliminary study for this, the subjects of physical education at American universities and those at regular domestic universities have been investigated. Then, the current state of operation of the physical education system of the credit bank system has been investigated. The first is the definition of the credit banking system, the investigation of accreditation of credits and the institutions of education and training. The Second is the investigation of the educational goals and qualifications of each major in the standard education curriculum and the current status of accredited credits. The third is the type and operation of institutions by degree in physical education, and the survey on current majors in progress. The fourth is the survey on the current status of operating institutions by region. The fifth is the classification of detailed subjects by major and the survey on the status of subjects by major. The last is the detailed subjects by major, and the analysis of the consistent or similar subjects in domestic and international sports industry subjects. Through the findings of this investigation, the following directions for improvement of the credit bank system curriculum have been suggested. Firstly, it is necessary to newly establish major courses tailored to social change. Secondly, it is necessary to develop mandatory and optional courses that meet the needs of the times. Thirdly, it is necessary to increase courses centered on field training that can meet the needs of the sports industry. Fourthly, in relation to the evaluation and recognition of the credit banking system, the conclusion have been derived that institutional improvement should be urgently performed.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.60
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• pp.141-175
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• 2013

The purpose of this study aims to the implications by the introduction of TSU/BPO system as a instrument of trade settlement. Jointly with financial messaging provider SWIFT, the ICC Banking Commission has developed the URBPO to take into account the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. Once the goods have been shipped, the seller's bank uploads the shipping and logistics data to the TSU to be checked against the baseline. URBPO is the first ever set of standards in supply chain finance that governs BPO transactions worldwide. BPO enables banks to reduce the risks associated with international trade to the benefit of both buyers and sellers. A BPO is an irrevocable undertaking given by an Obliger Bank to a Recipient Bank to pay a specified amount under the condition of a successful electronic matching of data or acceptance of mismatches. The BPO should be viewed as an exercise in collaboration between trading partners and their banks. Drawings upon global standards and incorporating the benefits offered by letters of credit, the new instrument has the potential to benefit all parties in a trade transaction-and bring trade settlement into the 21st century.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.133-146
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• 1995

WTO system has just begun and the development for fishing industry is being carried out. The task of National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives(NFFC ) is not only to support producers' competitive edge, but also to realize the efficiency embodied in the businesses of NFFC itself. Then it can continue to compete other firms and offer the comprehensive services only when it achieves its efficiency. The efficiency of NFFC is the economies of scale and scope. NFFC should achieve its scale and scope economies to be efficient. NFFC needs to expand its size in fish distribution and banking business to have scale economies. Also, the communication and coordination systems among member-supporting, fish distribution, and banking business need to be strengthened to get its scope economies. It is interesting theoretically and in policy making to test the hypotheses that cooperatives are capable of offering the comprehensive services such as distribution, credit, and insurance to the members. It is meaningful to their development for agricultural and small businesses cooperatives as well as fisheries cooperatives to survive the fierce competition under WTO system. National Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives(NFAC) is much greater in business size than NFFC. The estimation and test in the multiproduct cost function of NFAC will show interesting results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.215-219
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• 2002

인터넷의 급속한 성장으로 e비즈니스의 인터넷 사용이 증대되었다. 인터넷 환경에서는 새로운 인터넷 사용자라는 소비자를 대상으로 인터넷 소비자 행동에 관한 연구가 중요한 분야로 자리잡게 되었다. 인터넷상에서의 소비자 행동을 설명하기 위해 온라인 인지절차 (Cognitive process)에 관한 연구로, 웹 사이트에 대한 소비자의 태도에 미치는 영향을 밝히는 연구들이 수행되었다. 웹 사이트에 대한 소비자의 태도에 따른 개인화된 마케팅을 위해서는 웹사이트를 소비자의 특성을 고려해서 개인화된 웹사이트를 운영해야 한다. 개인의 정보 시스템 사용에 대한 설명을 위하여 많은 모형들이 개발되어 왔다. 기술 수용 모형(Technology Acceptance Model: TAM)은 개인의 정보 시스템 수용에 영향을 미치는 요소를 설명하기 위하여 가장 폭 넓게 사용되고 있는 모형이다. TRA 모형에 따르면, 개인의 사회적 행위는 그 행위의 결과에 대한 신념에 의해 영향을 받는다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 고객의 신념을 신뢰 (Trust), 유용성 (Usefulness), 사용의 편의성 (Ease of Use), 위험 (Risk), 보안통제 (Security control)로 분류하고, 고객의 실제 사용 (Usage)을 인터넷 뱅킹 환경에서 측정하여 고객세분화에 적용하였다. 세분화된 고객집단을 분류하기 위해서 인공신경망, 판별 분석 기법을 적용하여 웹 사이트에서 사용할 수 있는 개인화 모형을 개발하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.201-202
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• 2016

Recently, Fintech, a technology that was created as a result of mixture of finance and IT technology, has become a big issue with the development of IT technology and widespread of smartphone usage. Although a continuous research to let new mobile banking payment system to settle in the domestic market is necessary, the research available is inadequate in the status quo. Trust, which is lacking at the moment, is regarded the most important factor in mobile banking payment system. This study, therefore, investigate into factors that building trust that effects people's usage of mobile financial payment systems.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.327-339
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• 2021

This study examines the impact of bank restructuring on the financial performance of commercial banks in Vietnam. The data for this study was obtained from the audited financial statements of 30 Vietnamese commercial banks from 2007 to 2019. Multiple regression analysis was used for investigation. Financial performance, as evaluated by ROAA, ROEA, and NIM, is the dependent variable. Financial restructuring, ownership restructuring, and operational restructuring are the independent variables. Pooled least squares (Pooled OLS), fixed effects model (FEM), random effects model (REM), and system generalized moment regression model (System GMM) are the estimate methods used to increase the accuracy of the regression coefficient. The research results show that the variables of financial restructuring activities such as government intervention and the ratio of equity to total assets; variables of ownership restructuring such as capital adequacy ratio, privatization of state-owned commercial banks, mergers, and acquisitions; variables of operational restructuring such as employees, branches, the cost to total assets; GDP variables and the second restructuring period have a positive impact on financial performance. Variables such as debt-to-capital ratio, bad debt ratio, state ownership ratio, expense-income ratio, and inflation have a negative effect on financial performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.177-187
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• 2021

The purpose of the research to evaluate the efficiency and productivity growth rate of some Vietnamese commercial banks in the period 2008-2020. Using input and output selection theory, the author selected 2 models, estimating the efficiency for model 1 and estimating the yield change for both the models. We have built a model to estimate the efficiency and calculate as well as decompose the productivity growth of Vietnamese commercial banks during the period of active mergers and acquisitions activities in the banking system. Based on the results of the efficiency estimation, TFP shows during mergers and acquisitions, efficiency fluctuates but in an inverted U-shape (increasing from 2008-2011 but decreasing from 2013 to 2020). The estimated results of the impact assessment model show that FDI reduces the efficiency of banks. Productivity analysis shows that 6 out of 23 banks in the study period had positive TFP growth (tfpch > 1) due to technical progress and management efficiency. The findings of this study suggest that Vietnam's commercial banking system has many opportunities to improve operational efficiency in many aspects. In which, there are opportunities to increase credit, improve governance as well as improve the technology level of each bank. In addition, along with traditional products such as deposits and loans, diversification with a wide range of products and services is an important factor to enhance customer experience and demand in commercial banks.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.21-27
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• 2021

The financial sector is one of the most important building blocks of the economy. When this sector efficiently implemented a well-crafted program on banking and financial system to translate financial activities to income-generating activity, economic growth will be realized. Hence, this study analyzed the effect of financial intermediation on economic growth and the existence of cointegrating relationship using time-series data from 1986 to 2015. The influence of financial intermediation in terms of bank credit to bank deposit ratio, private credit, and stock market capitalization and time trend to economic growth was estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) multiple regression. The results showed that all the financial intermediation indicators and time trend exert significant effect on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. The positive sign of the time trend indicates that there is an upward trend in GDP per capita averaging approximately 0.06 percent annually. Furthermore, the cointegration test using the Johansen procedure revealed that there is a presence of long-term equilibrium relationship between financial intermediation and time trend and economic growth, and rules out spurious regression results. This study established the idea that financial intermediation in the Philippines has a significant and vital role in stimulating growth in the economy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.939-950
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• 2021

The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting Thai commercial bank users' behavioral intention towards QR code payment system via mobile banking applications. The researchers conducted the study based on quantitative research approach. Non-probability sampling method such as the quota and convenience sampling was applied as sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed. The data was collected from 1,800 respondents living in Bangkok, who have had an experience with QR code payment system with the top-three mobile banking applications in Thailand. This study concentrates on confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling as a statistical tool to examine the data, model accuracy, and influence of critical variables. In addition, the researchers applied the first-order and second-order techniques to examine the relationship between constructs. Adoption readiness and perceived risk were second-order constructs. The results reveled that compatibility has an impact on attitude towards QR code payment. Moreover, adoption readiness, compatibility, attitude, and personal innovativeness are statistically significant that impact behavioral intention towards QR code payment. The strongest antecedents of behavioral intention were compatibility, attitude, adoption readiness, and personal innovativeness, respectively. Surprisingly, perceived risk and perceived trust do not statistically have a significant impact on behavioral intention towards QR code payment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.239-250
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• 2022

A business's Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution is software that fully integrates the services that businesses require, continuously updates business processes and department operations in real-time, and so aids in the successful management of enterprise resources. Previously, ERP solutions were often deployed for large enterprises, but along with the strong digital transformation process, many small and medium enterprises have been deploying Cloud ERP (CERP) solutions. The objective of the study is to measure the factors affecting the successful implementation of CERP solutions at small and medium enterprises and the impact of successful implementation of CERP solutions on business process re-engineering and enterprise performance. Using a quantitative method based on data collected from 230 small and medium enterprises in Vietnam that have been implementing CERP solutions, the results show that there are 5 factors affecting, which are Organizational ERP Strategic, Top management Commitment, Data Security, Training in ERP Projects, Organizational Culture. Research results also show that Successful implementation of CERP has a direct impact on business process re-engineering and business performance. Based on the results, the study has made a number of policy implications in the successful implementation of CERP towards re-engineering business processes to improve the performance of small and medium enterprises.