• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.621-625
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• 1999

Rosen type piezoelectric transformer for LCD backlight operated at high voltage and low current, may not be sucessfully used for illuminating general fluorescent lamps because low voltage and high current are required. In this study, the piezoelectric transformer with width vibration mode operated at low voyage and high current was designed for the application of fluorescent lasso ballast. The step-up ratio and efficiency as a function of the load resistance in the piezoelectric transformer indicated that the transformer can be effectively used for the electronic ballast for low profile fluorescent lamp.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.263-281
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• 2013

Geotextiles and geogrids have been in use for several decades in variety of geo-structure applications including foundation of embankments, retaining walls, pavements. Geocells is one such variant in geosynthetic reinforcement of recent years, which provides a three dimensional confinement to the infill material. Although extensive research has been carried on geocell reinforced sand, clay and layered soil subgrades, limited research has been reported on the aggregates/ballast reinforced with geocells. This paper presents the behavior of a railway sleeper subjected to monotonic loading on geocell reinforced aggregates, of size ranging from 20 to 75 mm, overlying soft clay subgrades. Series of tests were conducted in a steel test tank of dimensions $700mm{\times}300mm{\times}700mm$. In addition to the laboratory model tests, numerical simulations were performed using a finite difference code to predict the behavior of geocell reinforced ballast. The results from numerical simulations were compared with the experimental data. The numerical and experimental results manifested the importance that the geocell reinforcement has a significant effect on the ballast behaviour. The results depicted that the stiffness of underlying soft clay subgrade has a significant influence on the behavior of the geocell-aggregate composite material in redistributing the loading system.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2007

In general, it is known that the concrete ballast track is possible to reduce a cost of maintenance activities cause of maintenance free by restrictive maintenance in application of track ballast structures. However, if deteriorations and fracture mechanism of a material are considered, proper maintenance activities and repairing are continually required. For the problems, we evaluated an economical efficiency of the gravel ballast and the concrete ballast on a proper level of maintenance activities. As the method based on history path is difficult to obtain sufficient reliabilities cause of an absence of real data for maintenance activities, we chose the delphi survey method by professional group, and we obtained the appropriate index and profiles for maintenance activities. As a result, we founded that effects for cost reduction can be expected by preventive maintenance management, and we proposed economical restrictions and life cycle cost for track ballast structures in a life cycle.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1998

새로운 형태의 자기식 형광등 안정기를 설계 개발하여 고효율화 성능시험을 수행하였다. 새로운 철심재료인 고성능의 G-9 재료를 사용하고, 철심구조와 모양을 개선하였고 코일의 동선을 짧고 굵은 것으로 대체하여 직류저항 성분을 줄여서 안정기 자체의 에너지 손실을 감소시켰다. 반도체형 점등회로를 대폭 개선하여 순간 점등을 가능하게 하고 형광램프의 사용수명연장, 화재방지 등을 할 수 있게 하였다. 안정기 자체의 에너지 감소가 1.7Watt, 형광등 조명광 향상이 7.6[%] 증가 등 큰 에너지 절약을 보였다. 본 연구결과는 형광등 안정기의 기술 향상과 국가 전력소비 절감효과 등 중요한 의미가 있다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 유기절연재료 전자세라믹 방전플라즈마 연구회
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• pp.135-139
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• 2001

Contour vibration mode piezoelectric transformers were designed and fabricated to the square plate with size of $27.5{\times}27.5{\times}2.5(2.6,\;3.0)mm^3$ using PNW-PMN-PZT ceramics. Electrical characteristics of the piezoelectric transformer were investigated for fluorescent lamp ballast application. The electrical properties and characteristic temperature rise were measured using oscilloscope and infrared temperature sensor. A 28W fluorescent lamp was successfully driven by the fabricated transformers. After driving the lamp using Power Amplifier for 24 min, the output power, efficiency and characteristic temperature rise of PT2 piezoelectric transformer showed the appropriate values of 28.01 W, 99.43% and $11^{\circ}C$, respectively. The electronic ballast using PT2 piezoelectric transformer showed an excellent output power of 28.85 W and efficiency of 86.3%, respetively.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 지오그리드로 보강된 자갈도상재료들의 전단거동을 대형직접전단시험과 개별요소법을 기반으로 한 PFC 3D프로그램을 사용하여 검토하였다. 직접전단시험은 각기 다른 입도분포를 갖는 자갈도상에 대해 실험을 수행 하였다. 실험 결과, 지오그리드로 보강되지 않은 경우 입경이 큰 입자가 많은 입도분포를 갖는 재료의 전단강도가 증가함을 확인한 반면, 지오그리드로 보강된 경우에는 전단강도 변화가 지오그리드 입자 크기와 입도분포에 따라서 증가 혹은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 개별요소수치해석을 통해서 실험 결과를 검증하고자 하였으며 이를 위해서 실제 사용된 지오그리드 인장강도를 갖도록 미시 물성치를 민감도 분석을 통해 확보 하였으며, 각기 다른 격자 크기를 가진 지오그리드에 동일하게 적용하여 도상재료 입도분포에 따른 상관관계를 비교하여 보았다. 해석결과 입도분포에 따라 적합한 보강효과를 보이기 위해서는 그에 적합한 지오그리드의 격자크기가 형성됨을 확인하였으며, 평균입자크기에 비해 최소 2배 이상의 격자크기가 확보되어야 하는 것으로 확인하였다. 지오그리드의 영향범위가 일정한 깊이 내에 형성되는 것을 확인하였다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Self-exciting electronic ballast, of small size, and low cost, and high power, with no stroboscopic effect, no noise, is widely used in the general lighting market. This paper describes the cause of high switching loss of self-exciting electronic ballast, based on its operational principle; then, to reduce the switch temperature and increase the reliability of the product, the drive circuit has been improved, to achieve soft-switching. The theory analysis, simulation and experimental result prove the feasibility and compatibility of this new method in practice. Finally, the design procedure and winding method of the self-exciting current transformer are introduced.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2010

포장궤도에서는 프리팩 콘크리트방식으로 도싱자갈을 충전층의 골재로 활용한다. 골재의 가장 중요한 조건은 모르터와의 부착력이며 이를 위하여 표면의 불순물을 최대한 제거하여야 한다. 국내에서 개발한 포장궤도 공법에서는 기존의 수세척방식을 대체하는 친환경 건식세척기술을 개발하였다. 건식세척은 직경 0.3~0.5mm 내외로 파쇄한 경질 재료를 고압으로 분사시켜 골재 표면을 박피시키는 방식이다. 본 논문에서는 블라스팅기술의 세척 효율을 향상시키기 위한 방안으로 현재 운용중인 장비조건하에서 분사 재료 및 시간 별 골재 잔입자 함량, 염화물 함유량, LA마모율, 압축강도시험 등을 실시하여 가장 효율적인 세척 재료 및 공정을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1042-1049
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• 2007

Recently, a theoretically-sound design approach, using an elastic multilayer model, is attempted in trackbed designs for the construction of high speed railways and new lines of conventional railways. In the elastic multilayer model, the stress-dependent resilient modulus($E_R$) is an important input parameter, that is, reflects substructure performance under repeated traffic loading. However, the evaluation method for resilient modulus using repeated loading triaxial test is not fully developed for practical purpose, because of costly equipment and the significantly fluctuated values depending on the testing equipment and laboratory personnel. In this study, the paper will present an indirect method to estimate the resilient modulus using dynamic properties. The resilient modulus of crushed stone, which is the typical material of sub-ballast, was calculated with the measured dynamic properties and the range of stress level of the sub-ballast, and approximated with the power model combined with bulk and deviatoric stresses. The resilient modulus of coarse grained material decreases with increasing deviatoric stress at a confining pressure, and increases with increasing bulk stress. Sandy soil(SM classified from Unified Soil Classification System) of subgrade was also evaluated and best fitted with the power model of deviatoric stress only.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.346-353
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• 2005

Track substructure(ballast, subgrade) should have sufficient strength and adequate stiffness to fully support track superstructure(rail, fastener, sleeper). Vertical support stiffness of track comes from the sufficient thickness, adequate strength and stiffness of material of substructure layers. Since the vertical support stiffness of track substructure is closely related with the track geometry, the evaluation of the stiffness is very important to understand the track states. This paper introduces the system, which are composed of Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR), Portable Ballast Sampler(PBS), and Light Falling Weight Deflectometer(LFWD), to evaluate substructure condition and summarizes the field test results performed with the reliable system.