• 미생물학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1977

Among the Streptomyces isolated from soil, two strains which have antibacterial activity aginst various pathogenic bacteria are identified as Streptomyces globosus and Streptomyces albus subsp. according to I.S.P. methods and Bergy's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Morphological and physiological characteristics of them on several media were observed. Antibiotics from S. albus subsp. or S. globosus was identified asw tetracycline or streptomycin-like substances respectively by the paper chromatographic behavior in eight solvent systems of V. Betina. And it was revealed that these antibiotic substances are stable to temperature and weak acid.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품위생안전성학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 및 심포지움
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• pp.158-159
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• 2002

• 미생물학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.87-90
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• 1998

우리 나라의 전통 대두발효식품인 된장으로부터 혈전용해능을 가진 미생물을 분리하였다. 그 중 5종류의 균주를 Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology에 의거하여 동정한 결과 Bacillus sp. 균주로 밝혀졌다. 분리된 Bacillus 속 미생물을 효소 유도배지에서 배양한 결과 B. amyloliquefaciens는 2.46 plasmin unit/ml, B pantothenticus는 3.82 plasmin unit/ml 의 혈전용해능을 가지고 있었고, B. subtilis는 4.94 plasmin unti/ml의 높은 혈전용해효소 생산능을 보여주었다. 분리 균주에 의하여 생산된 세포외 단백질을 SDS-PAGE와 reverse fibrin zymogram 활성측정법에 의해 확인한 결과 각 균주별로 서로 다른 혈전용해효소가 생산되었음을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.219-223
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• 1999

우리나라의 전통 발효식품인 김치에서 혈전용해 효소를 생산하는 미생물을 분리하고 그 중 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus brevis, Micrococcus luteus의 세 종을 Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology등에 의하여 동정하였다. 분리된 미생물을 효소 유도 배지에서 배양한 결과 B. amyloliquefaciens는 2.58 plasmin unit/mL, B. brevis는 1.48 plasmin unit/mL, 그리고 M. luteus는 2.03 plasmin unit/mL의 혈전용해효소 생산능을 보여 주였다. 각 균주에서 생산된 세포의 단백질을 SDS-PAGE와 fibrin zymography assay에 의해 분석한 결과 B. brevis와 M. luteus에서는 서로 다른 분자량을 가진 $3{\sim}4$개의 혈전용해 효소가 존재하였으며 B. amyloliquefaciens에서는 분자량이 약 29 kDa인 단일 band의 혈전용해 효소가 생산되었음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.74-79
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• 1995

Sequence analysis of a DNA region encompassing the site of hybridization to actl, the gene for type II minimal polyketide synthase (PKS) for actinorhodin biosynthesis, from Streptomyces ablus revealed three more complete open reading frames additional to the already found two genes, plausibly encoding ${\beta}-ketoacyl$ synthase/acyl transferase (KS/AT) and chain length determining factor (ClF). The open reading frames (ORFs) were named salA, salD, and salE, from the upstream. In the homology analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences, SalA resembles the Streptomyces glaucescens Tcml, decaketide cyclase, SalD resembles acyl carrier protein in type II PKS, and SalE resembles the Actlll ketoreductase, The whole 4.4 kb of DNA sequence obeys the same conservation pattern as other type II PKSs. Therefore, we suggest that the 4.4 kb DNA from Streptomyces albus encompasses genes encoding enzymes for polyketide biogenesis in the organism and its organization is type II. The exsitence of SaIA, an analogue of the aromatic cyclase, revealed a relatedness of the 4.4 kb DNA with the aromatic PKS.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.722-727
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• 2005

Cytosolic sialidase (Neu2), a member of the sialidase family that is responsible for hydrolysis of sialic acid from the terminal position of sialoglycoconjugates, is poorly expressed in skeletal muscle and not detected in any other adult tissues. Thus, we isolated Neu2 cDNA using splicing by overlap extension (SOEing). In order to further characterize this enzyme, a His-tagged derivative was expressed in the bacterial expression system and purified by $Ni^{2+}$-affinity chromatography. A recombinant product of approximately 42 kDa had sialidase activity toward 4-methyl-umbelliferyl-$\alpha$-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid (4MU-NeuAc). The optimal pH and temperature of the recombinant Neu2 for 4MU-NeuAc was 6.0 and $37.5^{\circ}C$, respectively. The metal ions, such as $Cu^{2+}\;and\;Cd^{2+}$, showed strong inhibitory effect on the activity of the enzyme. The enzyme efficiently hydrolyzed the gangliosides GM3 and GD3 and had relatively low activities on ganglioside GD1a and GD1b, $\alpha$2-3 sialyllactose, and sialylated glycoproteins such as fetuin, transferrin, and orsomucoid, but had hardly any activities on $\alpha$2-6 sialyllactose and ganglioside GM1 and GM2. We concluded that the recombinant Neu2 has a sialidase activity toward glycoproteins as well as gangliosides.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2005

Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the source of infection and mode of transmission of shigellosis, which occurred sporadically among residents and students in a subcounty of Cheongwon county, Chungbuk province, Korea, from June 4 to July 3 2003. Methods: 692 subjects completed a questionnaire and provided a swab for microbiological examinations,and 7 environmental specimens were examined for bacterial organisms. PFGE (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) and fingerprinting were performed to find the genetic relationship among the temporally associated sporadic isolates. Results: A total of 29 patients had symptoms consistent with the case definition, with 13 confirmed and 16 suspected cases. The frequency of diarrhea was 6 times or more a day (80.8%), with a duration of 1 to 4 days (88.5%) in most cases. The most common symptoms accompanying the diarrhea were fever (80.9%) followed by abdominal pain (76.9%), headache (65.4%), chill (61.5%), vomiting (46.2%) and tenesmus (15.4%). The epidemic curve was characteristic of a person-to-person transmission. The PFGE and fingerprinting demonstrated identical or similar DNA patterns among the 3 Shigella sonnei isolates (A51, A53 and A61 types) found in this outbreak. Conclusion: A genetically identical strain of S. sonnei was estimated to be the cause of this outbreak, and the mode of transmission was most likely person-to-person.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7883-7887
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Viruses including human papillomavirus (HPV) have been reported to be associated with different cancers but any association with colorectal cancers remains controversial. Aim: To evaluate any association between HPV infection and adenocarcinoma of the colon and adenomatous polyps. Materials and Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of 70 colorectal adenocarcinomas, 70 colorectal adenomatous polyps, and 70 colorectal normal tissues were subjected to DNA extraction. The quality of the extracted DNA was confirmed by amplification of a ${\beta}$-globin fragment using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR using specific primers were performed to detect HPV DNA. Specific primers targeting the E6 region of the HPVs 16 and 18 were used for genotyping. Results: HPV DNA was detected in 2 (2.85%) out of 70 adenocarcinoma colorectal tissues and 4 (5.71 %) out of 70 adenomatous colorectal tissues. All normal colorectal tissues were negative for HPV DNA. HPV-16 was the most predominant genotype (5 sample) followed by HPV-18 (4 sample). Despite the above observations, statistical analyses indicated no significant differences in the frequencies of HPV positive subjects between the cancerous and normal samples. Conclusions: Although the differences observed in the frequencies of HPV positive cases in our study was not significant relative to those of control subjects, the fact of 6 positive samples among cancerous tissues, may still suggest a role of HPV in colorectal carcinogenesis. The study collectively indicated that some colorectal cancerous tissues are infected with high risk HPV genotype. The findings merit more investigation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 1991

The culture conditions and nutritional requirements for enhanced mycelial growth of the ectomycorrhizal fungus P. tinctorius SMF were determined in flask scale experiments. Optimum culture conditions for growth of P. tinctorius SMF in a further modified Melin-Norkrans broth were as follows; temperature 25~$27^{\circ}C$, agitation 120 rpm, and pH 4.0. P. tinctorius SMF utilized various carbon sources including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. D-Glucose and mannitol were respectively the first and second most suitable carbon sources for mycelial growth. With D-Glucose as the principal carbon source, supplementation of modified Melin-Norkrans (MMN) broth with Lysine (800 mg/l), Glutamic Acid (500 mg/l), or Proline (50 mg/l) enhanced mycelial yields 63%, 34%, and 22% respectively as compared to growth in medium lacking amino acids. ThiaminㆍHCl＋biotin＋pyridoxine supplementation also enhanced growth. As compared to mycelial growth in the MMN medium, growth of P. tinctorius SMF was enhanced 120% in MMN broth when the carbon/nitrogen ratio was 25/1 in citrate buffer at pH 4.5, and growth was 50% greater in MMN broth of carbon/nitrogen ratio with a 10/1~20/1 without using the buffer. Standard conditions established for growth of P. tinctorius SMF in MMN broth were 25~$27^{\circ}C$, agitation 120 rpm, buffered to pH 4.0 with citrate, in MMN medium containing 10 g/l D-glucose supplemented with 800 mg/l lysine. In this medium the carbon/nitrogen ratio was 20/1~25/1, and the maximal mycelial yield ($Y_{x/s}$ ) was 0.472 (4.72 mg/ml) after 7 days of incubation, as compared to 0.214 (2.14 mg/ml), when the fungus was grown in standard MMN broth.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.314-318
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• 2007

Purpose: Pressure sore wound develops inevitably in long-term, immobilized and hospitalized patients. Sore wound infection is common problem and makes healing process difficult. We aimed to identify the pathogens of the purulent discharge in sore wound and to obtain information for appropriate antibiotics through a sensitivity test Methods: The bacteriologic study was made on 120 cases of patients who admitted or visited our hospital from 2004 January to 2005 December for sore wound treatment. Culture material was collected in BBL transport media with cotton swab and cultured by MacConkey agar plate. The method of MIC by VITEK and Microscan was used for sensitivity test. Results: Among 120 specimens, organisms were isolated from 77(64.2%) cases. Gram positive organisms were cultured in 73 specimens, Gram negative organisms in 46 specemens, and fungi in 2 specimens. Mixed infection by Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria were observed in 34 specimens. Among them, S. aureus was the most common isolate in 24(31.2%) patients and 10 (13.0%) S. Aureus isolates were MRSA. The most prevalent Gram-negative organism was Escherichia coli in 20 patients(25.9%). Vancomycin and teicoplanin showed highest sensitivity to Gram-positive organisms and imipenem and amikacin to Gram-negative organisms. Conclusion: Pressure sore wound demands consideration of multimodal therapeutic aspects and these findings would be useful informations to physicians, nurses and clinical assistants in understanding the nature of sore wound and selecting appropriate antibiotics.