• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 2008

Achieving consistent geometric design is an important goal in highway design to ensure obtaining safe, economical and smooth traffic operation. Most evaluation of consistency is based on 'speed change' in speed profile. According to literature, the speed depends on geometric elements, speed on tangent section prior to a curve, and background around roads. Especially, the radius is the most main element mentioned in various literature. Therefore, this paper shows two ways of calculating horizontal radius on real road, that is, three-dimensional road. First of all, the radius of horizontal curve is calculated based on physical method. The calculated radius contains not only superelevation but also longitudinal grade while the current minimum radius is calculated by considering superelevation and side friction according to the point-mass equation. Secondly, the problem of composed curves with distorted appearance by overlaying sag or crest vertical alignment has been known. To quantify the extent of distortion effects, the method of calculation of real seen so called 'Perspective Radius' is developed. The paper presents the perspective radius and recommended perspective radius.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 2015

I paid attention to the fact that surrealism emerging in early 20th century has been resurfacing in the 21st century. It may be because of the increasing interest on the space showing the surrealistic features as people in these days prefer the experimental and dramatic space beyond repetitive daily life. I tried to identify the expressive characteristics in the interior space adopting the depaysement technique among a variety of expression techniques of surrealism. To this end, this paper selected 10 interior design projects by Fabio Novembre and Marcel Wanders since 2000s. As the methodology, chapter 2 examined the theories to identify the expression targets and approaches of depaysement around the art paintings. Next, the standard for case analysis in this paper was established by investigating the existing theses related to interior and space design with depaysement as the key word. The expressive characteristics of depaysement identified from the existing researches were classified into morphological, figurative, material and space program. Those programs were developed as the classification system in this paper. Chapter 3 described the design background and features of Fabio Novembre and Marcel Wanders. On the basis of the features and analysis framework identified in chapter 2 and 3, chapter 4 analyzed the features of depaysement observed in the works by both designers. The conclusion was presented in chapter 5. For the expressive characteristics of depaysement observed in the space by both designers, Novembre created optical illusion using distortion or overlap on the morphological aspect. Wanders showed mainly the feature of changing the scale. In accordance with the analysis on expression principles, the features including spatial continuity, ambiguity of border, visual amusement and uncertainty were differentiated in all spaces.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.603-611
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• 2003

This paper proposes an effective feature compensation scheme based on speech model for achieving robust speech recognition. Conventional model-based method requires off-line training with noisy speech database and is not suitable for online adaptation. In the proposed scheme, we can relax the off-line training with noisy speech database by employing the parallel model combination technique for estimation of correction factors. Applying the model combination process over to the mixture model alone as opposed to entire HMM makes the online model combination possible. Exploiting the availability of noise model from off-line sources, we accomplish the online adaptation via MAP (Maximum A Posteriori) estimation. In addition, the online channel estimation procedure is induced within the proposed framework. For more efficient implementation, we propose a selective model combination which leads to reduction or the computational complexities. The representative experimental results indicate that the suggested algorithm is effective in realizing robust speech recognition under the combined adverse conditions of additive background noise and channel distortion.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.56-62
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• 2010

Weakly electric fish uses active sensing to detect the distortion of self-generated electric field in the underwater environments. The active electrolocation makes it possible to identify target objects from the surroundings without vision in the dark sea. Weakly electric fish have many electroreceptors over the whole body surface of electric fish, and sensor readings from a collection of electroreceptors are represented as an electric image. Many researchers have worked on finding features in the electric image to know how the weakly electric fish identify the target object. In this paper, we suggest a new mechanism of how the electrolocation can recognize a given target object among object plants. This approach is based on the differential components of the electric image, and has a potential to be applied to the underwater robotic system for object localization.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.53-65
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• 2012

Existing method of creating Stereoscopy image, creates viewpoint image from the left and right by shooting one object with 2 lens in certain distance. However, in case of 3-D TV using Stereoscopy camera, the necessity to transmit 2 viewpoint images from the left and right simultaneously, increases the amount of bandwidth. Various and more effective alternatives are under discussion. Among the alternatives, DIBR(Depth Image Based Rendering) creates viewpoint images from the left and right using one image and its Depth information, thus decreasing the amount of transmitted bandwidth. For this reason, there have been various studies on Algorithm to create DIBR Image in existing Static Scene. In this paper, I would like to suggest Gaussian Hole-filling solution, which utilizes reverse-depth image to fill the hole naturally, while minimizing distortion of background. In addition, we have analyzed the effectiveness of each Algorithm by comparing and calculating its functions.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.61-68
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• 2007

Two experiments examined the visual memory distortion by presenting 170 subjects with wide-angle views of four scenes on monitor screen. Retention interval of 0, 1 and 48 hours tested in reproduction and recognition experiment. The results of reproduction showed that the subjects tend to magnify the foreground and background of scenes compared to the real input (scene) for all retention intervals. The viewers recognized mure wide-angle views for the same scenes at the retention interval of 1 and 48 hours. These results demonstrated boundary extension is not a robust and unidirectional phenomenon but boundary contraction can be occurred with wide-angle views. The results also suggested that boundary contraction is the product of the activation of a memory schema hypothesis: In memory the representation moves toward a prototypical view and prototypical object size.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.795-807
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• 2013

In recent years, 2D-to-3D conversion techniques have gained much attraction. Most of conventional methods focused on natural images such as movie, animation and so forth. However, it is difficult to apply these techniques to window images mixed with text, image, logo, and icon. Also, different depth values of text pixels will cause distortion and a proper 3D image can not be delivered in some situations. To solve this problem, we propose a method to classify a given image into either a window or a natural image. For the window image, only rectangular image regions (RIR) are detected and converted in 3D. Other text and background are displayed in 2D. The proposed method was performed on more than 10,000 test images. In the experimental results, the detection ratio of window image reaches 97% and RIR detection ratio is 87%.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose an integral image compression method to improve the coding efficiency. As the characteristics of integral images are various according to the distance between a camera and objects, complexity of the objects and background, etc, the coding efficiency can be improved by applying a coding method adaptive to the characteristics. In addition, as the integral images are compressed by the unit of elemental images, the coding efficiency can be improved. by employing a coding method optimized to the coding direction of elemental images. Therefore, the proposed method remaps an integral image with six kinds of mapping rules, and then the conventional 3D-DCT based compression method is applied to the remapped images. Finally, we perform the rate-distortion optimization to choose the best of the mapping rules. Experimental results show that the proposed method yields high gains in image quality and bit-rate.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.132-145
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• 2009

We present the framework for JND based Illumination and Color Restoration Using Edge-preserving filter for restoring distorted images taken under the arbitrary lighting conditions. The proposed method is effective for appropriate illumination compensation, vivid color restoration, artifacts suppression, automatic parameter estimation, and low computation cost for HW implementation. We show the efficiency of the mean shift filter and sigma filter for illumination compensation with small spread parameter while considering the processing time and removing the artifacts such as HALO and noise amplification. The suggested CRF (color restoration filter) can restore the natural color and correct color distortion artifact more perceptually compared with current solutions. For the automatic processing, the image statistics analysis finds suitable parameter using JND and all constants are pre-defined. We also introduce the ROI-based parameter estimation dealing with small shadow area against spacious well-exposed background in an image for the touch-screen camera. The object evaluation is performed by CMC, CIEde2000, PSNR, SSIM, and 3D CIELAB gamut with state-of-the-art research and existing commercial solutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.411-413
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• 2010

The wireless AP positioning system is under active progress regarding research and commercialization due to its merit of being able to overcome the representing demerits of existing GPS positioning, which are signal distortion and poor signal reception. This system's feature is to collect AP information distributed throughout the real world, store it on database, and execute positioning by comparing with searched AP information. The positioning process uses collected data, whereas comparison of database data uses the fingerprinting method. The fingerprinting method is a probabilistic modeling method that acquires as much of the data collected from one location upon database composition, to store the value's average value and use it in positioning. Yet, using the average value may contain the probability of errors. Such errors are fatal weaknesses for services based on the background of accurate positioning. This paper deals with the characteristics and problems of the previously used wireless AP positioning system, and proposes measures of using AP information for outdoor positioning in order to solve the aforementioned problems.