• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.87-99
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• 1996

Cultural conditions for mass production of the antagonistic bacteria, Bacillus subtills CAP134 against pathogens causing major airborne diseases to apple tree, effect of temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen source in the culture broth were investigated. The bacterial growth was most vigorous when the temperature and pH of the culture broth was 30~$35^{\circ}$C, and 7, respectively. As for carbon source, dextrose was best followed in order by dextrose(monosaccharides)>sucrose(disaccharides)$\geq$saccharose(di-saccharides)>starch (polysaccharides). Among different sugars, bacterial growth was favored by in the order of brown, black and white sugars, indicating that the bacterial growth might be promoted by the minor elements presented as impurities in the less purified sugars. As for nitrogen source, organic forms were better to bacterial growth than inorganic forms, that is polypeptone was best followed in order by soy sauce, soybeen milk and inoganic nitrogens. Differences in bacterial growth among different forms of inorganic nitrogen were negligible.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.161-173
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• 2005

This study was carried out to clarify the effects of antifungal bacterial strains isolated from the greenhouse soil grown strawberry plants on the growth inhibition of plant pathogen, gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) infected in strawberry plants in Damyang and Jangheung districts. Antagonistic bacterial strains were isolated and investigated into the antagonistic activity against gray mold. Screened ten bacterial strains which strongly inhibited Botrytis cinerea were isolated from the greenhouse grown strawberry plants, and the best antifungal microorganism designated as SB 143 was finally selected. Antifungal bacterial strain SB 143 was identified to be the genus Bacillus sp. based on the morphological and biochemical characterization. Bacillus sp. SB 143 showed 59.4% of antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. By the bacterialization of culture broth and heated filtrates of culture broth, Bacillus sp. SB 143 showed 93.1% and 32.1% of antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1240-1242
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• 2010

We attempted to identify the compound responsible for the growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa occurring when a culture broth of Bacillus subtilis C1 was added to the medium. The active compound was purified from B. subtilis C1 culture broth by adsorption chromatography and HPLC, and was identified as a type of glycolipid based on $^1H$ NMR and MS analyses. The purified active compound completely inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa at a concentration of 10 ${\mu}g/ml$. This is the first report of a glycolipid produced by a Bacillus strain that has potential as an agent for the selective control of bloom-forming M. aeruginosa.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 1994

Purification and characterization of pectate lyase from Bacillus sp HSA-925. Bacillus sp. HSA-925 isolated from soil produced constitutively an extracellular pectate lyase when cultivated in LB broth. The pectate lyase(EC 4.2.2.2) was purified from the cuylture broth by preciptation with ammonium sulfate, followed by column chromatography on CM-cellulose C-50 and repeated gel filtration on Sephadex G-75G. The enzyme had a molecular weight of 32-33 kDa. The activity was mazimum at pH 9.5 AND 45$\CIRC $C. The enzume activity was stable at 55$\circ $C for 15 min and between pH7-12. The activation energy, Km and V$_{max}$ for the pectate lyase were 5.8779 kcal/mol, 6.33$\times $10$^{-2}$ mol/ml and 2.09$\times $10$^{2}$ $\mu $mol/min respectively. The enzyme was activated by Ca$^{2+}$, Cu$^{2+}$ and inhibited by Li$^{+}$, Hg$^{2+}$, EDTA.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 1997

Cultural conditions for mass production of the antagonistic bacteria, Bacillus subtills CAP141 against pathogens causing major airborne diseases to apple trees, effects of temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen source in the culture broth were investigated. The bacterial growth was most vigorous when the temperature and pH of the culture broth was 30~35$^{\circ}$C and 7, respectively. As for carbon source, dextrose was best followed in order by dextrose(monosaccharide) > sucrose(disaccharide) $\geq$ saccharose (market disaccharides) > starch (polysaccharieds). Among different sugars, bacterial growth was favored by in the order of brown, black and white supars, indicating that the bacterial growth might be promoted by the minor elements presented as impurities in the less purified sugars. As for nitrogen source, organic forms were better to bacterial growth than inorganic forms, that is polypeptone was best followed in order by soy sauce, soybeen milk and inorganic nitrogens. Differences in bacterial growth among different forms of inorganic nitrogen were negligible.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.7-20
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• 1966

1. Of the 32 extracts from Genus of lishenes broth tested for antimicrobial activity, 28 inhibited at least one of the 3 test microorganisms used. 2. Twenty seven lichnes broth from 32 species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-positive bacteria M. pyogenes var, aureus 203 p, and twenty four lichenes broth from 32 Species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. 3 Twenty five lichenes broth from 32 species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli 0.126. 4. The antibiotic substances in lichenes were readily extracted by organic solvents.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.558-565
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to develop a predictive growth model for Bacillus cereus in nutrient broth and validate the developed growth model in blanched vegetables. After inoculating B. cereus into nutrient broth, growth of B. cereus was investigated at 13, 17, 24, 30 and $35^{\circ}C$. Lag time (LT) decreased while specific growth rate (SGR) increased with an increase in storage temperature. Growth of B. cereus was not observed at temperatures lower than $12^{\circ}C$. Secondary growth models were developed to describe primary model parameters, including LT and SGR. Model performance was evaluated based on bias factor ($B_f$) and accuracy factor ($A_f$). In addition, we inoculated B. cereus into blanched vegetables stored at 13, 24, $35^{\circ}C$ and observed the growth kinetics of B. cereus in five different blanched vegetables. Growth of B. cereus was most delayed on Doraji at $13^{\circ}C$ and was not observed on Gosari at $13^{\circ}C$. Growth of B. cereus at $35^{\circ}C$ was significantly (p<0.05) slower on Gosari than on other blanched vegetables. The developed secondary LT model for broth in this study was suitable to predict growth of B. cereus on Doraji and Gosari, whereas the SGR model was only suitable for predicting the growth of B. cereus on mung bean sprout.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2005

Mixed-mode hydrophobic/ionic matrices exhibit a salt-tolerant property for adsorbing target protein from high-ionic strength feedstock, which allows the application of undiluted feedstock via an expanded bed process. In the present work, a new type of mixed-mode adsorbent designed for expanded bed adsorption, Fastline $PRO^{\circledR}$, was challenged for the capture of nattokinase from the high ionic fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis. Two important factors, pH and ion concentration, were investigated with regard to the performance of nattokinase ad-sorption. Under initial fermentation broth conditions (pH 6.6 and conductivity of 10 mS/cm) the adsorption capacity of nattokinase with Fastline PRO was high, with a maximum capacity of 5,350 U/mL adsorbent. The elution behaviors were investigated using packed bed adsorption experiments, which demonstrated that the effective desorption of nattokinase could be achieved by effecting a pH of 9.5. The biomass pulse response experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the biomass/adsorbent interactions between Bacillus subtilis cells and Fastline PRO, and to demonstrate a stable expanded bed in the feedstock containing Bacillus subtilis cells. Finally, an EBA process, utilizing mixed-mode Fastline PRO adsorbent, was optimized to capture nattokinase directly from the fermentation broth. The purification factor reached 12.3, thereby demonstrating the advantages of the mixed-mode EBA in enzyme separation.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.113-120
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• 1998

For a microbial control of a plant pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae, Bacillus sp. strain BT182-3 was isolated. The strain BT182-3 had a growth inhibition against P. syringae not only on agar plate but also on cultured broth. After heat treatment at $40^{\cird}C$ and $80^{\cird}C$ for 30min, the lytic substance from the strain BT182-3 had about 52% remaining activity and 17% remaining activity, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature of the lytic substance was 6.0 and $28^{\cird}C$, respectively. Germination ratio of healthy radish seeds was 87% at $25^{\cird}C$ for 5 days in 0.8% saline, and that of the radish seeds infected with P. syringae was 67%, while that of the radish seeds treated with cultured broth of the strain BT182-3 was 90%. The 5-days healthy radish seedlings were 3.90cm at high and the seedlings infected with P. syringae were 3.06cm at high, while the seedlings treated with cultured broth of the strain BT182-3 were 4.30cm at high. The growth of the radish seedlings infected with P. syringae was inhibited after cultivation for 40days on pots, while the growth of the infected radish seedlings with P. syringae was recovered at stem length, root length and total weight at the same as the healthy seedlings after treatment of a lytic substance from the strain BT182-3.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.976-980
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• 2003

A strain of potential producer of fibrinolytic enzyme was isolated from Korean fermented food. The isolated bacterium was identified and named as Bacillus brevis KJ-23. The optimal condition of the medium for the production of fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus brevis KJ-23 was nutrient broth with 0.5% D-ribose, 0.5% malt extract and 0.3% $K_2$HPO$_4$. The optimum pH, temperature and fermentation time for the enzyme production were pH 7.0, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 24 hr, respectively.