• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.1450-1453
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• 2010

유무선 통신 기술 및 컴퓨팅 기술의 발전은 다양한 기술과 산업의 융합으로 이어지고 있으며, 융합서비스를 위한 다양한 플랫폼 기술들의 연구도 함께 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 이러한 환경에서 통신설비의 공유나 대여 관리 및 플랫폼을 통한 융합 서비스 제공 및 관리가 이루어져야 하는데 효과적인 인프라 관리와 서비스 제공 및 과금 관리를 수행하기 위해서는 융합 서비스 플랫폼 환경에 적합한 OSS/BSS 의 구축이 필요하다. 본 연구는 고비용의 새로운 OSS/BSS 구축보다 기존 통신망 사업자들의 OSS/BSS 의 연동 및 재사용을 통해 효과적인 OSS/BSS 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 OSS/BSS 통합 및 연동을 위한 국내외 연구와 사례들을 분석한다. 본 논문은 융합 서비스 플랫폼을 위한 OSS/BSS 연동 방안을 위한 기초적이고 중요한 기반 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2019

Acetoin is generated by numerous microorganisms using ${\alpha}$-acetolactate decarboxylase (ALDC) to prevent overacidification of cells and their environment and to store remaining energy. Because acetoin has been used as a safe flavor enhancer in food products, industries have been interested in biotechnological production of acetoin using ALDC. ALDC is a metal-dependent enzyme that produces acetoin from ${\alpha}$-acetolactate through decarboxylation reaction. Here, we report the crystal structure of ALDC from Bacillus subtilis subspecies spizizenii (bssALDC) at $1.7{\AA}$ resolution. bssALDC folds into a two-domain ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ structure where two ${\beta}$-sheets form a central core. bssALDC assembles into a dimer through central hydrophobic interactions and peripheral hydrophilic interactions. bssALDC coordinates a zinc ion using three histidine residues and three water molecules. Based on comparative analyses of ALDC structures and sequences, we propose that the active site of bssALDC includes the zinc ion and its neighboring bssALDC residues.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.1388-1393
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• 2000

The present study was conducted to examine the feasibility of utilising bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea) shoot shell (BSS) in ruminants. Chemical composition, rumen degradability and some antinutritional compounds were determined for fresh and boiled BSSs to evaluate its feed value and safety. Thirty-two Holstein heifers were allocated to four groups and used to investigate the response in growth rate to supplementing ammoniated rice straw with fresh shell (phase 1) or silage of boiled BSS (phase 2). All animals were offered ammoniated straw ad libitum with 1kg of cotton seed meal (phase 1) or 0.5 kg of cotton seed meal and 0.5 kg of concentrate mixture (phase 2) per head per day. The BSS was supplemented at levels of 0, 3, 6 or 9 kg/d (phase 1) and 0, 5, 10 or 15 kg/d (phase 2) (as fed basis). The BSS was very high in moisture content, and its contents of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber were 13~16% DM and 65~76% DM, respectively; boiling resulting in higher moisture and protein. No hydrocyanic acid was detected in both BSSs and content of tannins was negligible. Rumen degradability of BSS was reasonably high, and with boiling the rapidly degradable fraction decreased, and potentially degradable component increased. Silage of the boiled BSS was slightly lower in both rapidly and slowly degraded fractions than the fresh BSS. Animals consumed all supplemented BSSs without any adverse health problems. Intake of ammoniated straw decreased with the increasing levels of BSS, but total intake was higher in almost all supplementary groups than in the non-BSS. Heifers had a higher growth rate in phase 1 with fresh BSS than in phase 2 with ensiled shell, and daily weight gains were 622, 629, 744 or 690 g in phase 1, and 578, 575, 677 or 635 g in phase 2 at four BSS levels, respectively. For both phases growth rate was significantly higher for the animals in groups 3 and 4 than those in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.01), with little difference between groups 1 and 2 (p>0.05) but significant difference between groups 3 and 4 (p<0.05). Supplementation with BSS also resulted in an improved feed conversion rate, with the least concentrate consumption in group 3 for both phases. It is concluded that the BSS has a high potential nutritional value as indicated by its medium protein content, reasonably high rumen degradability, and that inclusion of BSS in ammoniated rice straw diet is not only safe to animals, but also may improve growth rate of ruminants and feed conversion rate. It may be disadvantageous to use high amounts of BSS in ammoniated straw diets.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.59.1-59.1
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• 2016

Blue Straggler Stars(BSS) affect their host star cluster in various parameters like color, dynamics, etc. For this reason, it is important to know how to relate BSS frequency and evolution of their host stellar system. To statistical study about global properties of open clusters as the environments of BSS formation, we use three catalogues - (1) two galactic open clusters catalogues including BSS candidate, (2) Milky Way Star Cluster (MWSC) survey data. Then, we compare with the data of two BSS catalogues for test of the result of Marchi et al. 2006. We also investigate the radial mass distribution in open cluster, because it is possible that changing the gradient of radial mass distribution cause increasing the BSS frequency. When we group the open cluster into having BSS or not and other criteria, the groups show slight discrepancies, but we show some important results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.67-82
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• 2010

The beam string structure (BSS) has been widely applied in large span roof structures, while no analytical solutions of BSS were derived for it in the existing literature. In the first part of this paper, calculation formulas of displacement and internal forces were obtained by the Ritz-method for the most commonly used arc-shaped BSS under the vertical uniformly distributed load and the prestressing force. Then, the failure mode of BSS was proposed based on the static equilibrium. On condition the structural stability was reliable, BSS under the uniformly distributed load would fail by tensile strength failure of the string, and the beam remained in the elastic or semi-plastic range. On this basis, the limit load of BSS was given in virtue of the elastic solutions. In order to verify the linear elastic and limit state solutions proposed in this paper, three BSS modal were tested and the corresponding elastoplastic large deformation analysis was performed by the ANSYS program. The proposed failure mode of BSS was proved to be correct, and the analytical results for the linear elastic and limit state were in good agreement with the experimental and FEM results.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.224-229
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a new Active Noise Control (ANC) system using a teacher forced Blind Source Separation (BSS) algorithm. The Blind Source Separation based on the Independent Component Analysis (ICA) separates the desired sound signal from the unwanted noise signal. In the proposed system, the BSS algorithm is used as a preprocessor of ANC system. Also, we develop a teacher forced BSS learning algorithm to enhance the performance of BSS. The teacher signal is obtained from the output signal of the ANC system. Computer experimental results show that the proposed ANC system in conjunction with the BSS algorithm effectively cancels only the ship engine noise signal from the linear and convolved mixtures with human voice.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.134-142
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• 2010

Although BinSo-San(BSS), a mixed herbal formula consisted of 11 types of medicinal herbs and have been used as anti-inflammatory agent, In the present study, the acute toxicity (single oral dose toxicity) of lyophilized BSS aqueous extracts was monitored in male and female mice after oral administration according to Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) Guidelines (2005-60, 2005). In order to observe the 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$), approximate lethal dosage (ALD), maximum tolerance dosage (MTD) and target organs, test articles were once orally administered to female and male ICR mice at dose levels of 2000, 1000, 500, 250 and 0 (control) mg/kg (body wt.) according to the recommendation of KFDA Guidelines (2005-60, 2005). The mortality and changes on body weight, clinical signs and gross observation were monitored during 14 days after dosing according to KFDA Guidelines (2005-60, 2005) with organ weight and histopathology of 12 types of principle organs. We could not find any mortality, clinical signs and changes in the body weights except for dose-independent increases of body weight and gains restricted in 1000 mg/kg of BSS extracts-dosing female group. Hypertrophic changes of lymphoid organs.thymus, spleen and popliteal lymph nodes were detectedat postmortem observation with BSS extracts dose-dependent increases of lymphoid organ weights, and hyperplasia of lymphoid cells in these all three lymphoid organs at histopathological observations. These changes are considered as results of pharmacological effects of BSS extracts or their components, immunomodulating effects, not toxicological signs. In addition, some sporadic accidental findings such as congestion spots, cyst formation in kidney, atrophy of thymus and spleen with depletion of lymphoid cells, and edematous changes of uterus with desquamation of uterus mucosa as estrus cycles were detected throughout the whole experimental groups including both male and female vehicle controls. The significant (p<0.01) increases of absolute weights of kidney and pancreas detected in BSS extracts 1000 mg/kg-treated female group are considered as secondary changes from increases of body weights. The results obtained in this study suggest that the BSS extract is non-toxic in mice and is therefore likely to be safe for clinical use. The LD50 and ALD of BSS aqueous extracts in both female and male mice were considered as over 2000 mg/kg because no mortalities were detected upto 2000 mg/kg that was the highest dose recommended by KFDA and OECD. In addition, the MTD of BSS extracts was also considered as over 2000 mg/kg because no BSS extracts-treatment related toxicological signs were detected at histopathological observation except for BSS or their component-related pharmacological effects, the immunomodulating effects detected in the present study.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2019

Chelatase catalyzes the insertion of divalent metal into tetrapyrrole and plays a key role in the biosynthesis of metallated tetrapyrroles, such as cobalamin, siroheme, heme, and chlorophyll. SirB is a sirohydrochlorin (SHC) chelatase that generates cobalt-SHC or iron-SHC by inserting cobalt or iron into the center of sirohydrochlorin tetrapyrrole. To provide structural insights into the metal-binding and SHC-recognition mechanisms of SirB, we determined the crystal structure of SirB from Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii (bssSirB) in complex with cobalt ions. bssSirB forms a monomeric ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ structure that consists of two domains, an N-terminal domain (NTD) and a C-terminal domain (CTD). The NTD and CTD of bssSirB adopt similar structures with a four-stranded ${\beta}-sheet$ that is decorated by ${\alpha}-helices$. bssSirB presents a highly conserved cavity that is generated between the NTD and CTD and interacts with a cobalt ion on top of the cavity using two histidine residues of the NTD. Moreover, our comparative structural analysis suggests that bssSirB would accommodate an SHC molecule into the interdomain cavity. Based on these structural findings, we propose that the cavity of bssSirB functions as the active site where cobalt insertion into SHC occurs.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.1E
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• pp.17-24
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• 2008

Blind speech separation (BSS) is well-known as a powerful technique for speech enhancement in many real world environments. In this paper, we propose a new application of BSS - acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) in a car environment. For this purpose, we develop a block-online BSS algorithm which provides robust separation than a batch version in changing environments with moving speakers. Simulation results using real world recordings show that the block-online BSS algorithm is very robust to speaker movement. When combined with AEC, simulation results using real audio recording in a car confirm the expectation that BSS improves double talk detection and echo suppression.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.143-149
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• 2014

This paper is on the blind signal separation(BSS) method by the geometric method. To separate the signal sources, we use Hough transform and BSS. Hough transform is a geometric method which let us know the local informations of the signal. We find the orientations of signals by Hough transform and know the number of signal sources. When the number of sensors is more than the number of sources. the BSS algorithm can separate the mixtures well in the time domain. This algorithm has a good performance in converging fast. We had checked up the quality of the algorithm after separating the mixed signals. The results of simulations show that this BSS method has the abnormal waveforms due to unconverging coefficients in the beginning, and stably has the separated waveforms which almost equal to the sources in the most period.