• Journal of KIISE
• /
• v.43 no.10
• /
• pp.1094-1103
• /
• 2016

Physical Web and Eddystone can be serviced by a single integrated application on the device by using their servers' URL. However, they have a limitation that their servers must be customized for service characteristics on a case by case basis. In other words, regardless of the service selected for BLE, it should have a modified linkage application for each device. Hence, we think that a new integrated service platform, which is able to link and support its Beacon from the central server and is also able to support its application, is needed for achieving better service quality. This platform consists of push (Broadcasting for Beacon service) parts and pull (Connection) parts to establish communication. Especially, Pull should be operated and controlled under the authorization (secure) management for safe and trustable communication. It means that BLE must have its new authorization communications protocol to protect its data as much as possible. In this paper, we propose a BLE integrated authorization protocol for a BLE device control server based on Physical Web and Eddystone.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.39C no.2
• /
• pp.151-163
• /
• 2014

The recent wearable device's applications concentrates on providing diverse services such as location based service, context aware service to the users. These various services are implemented by the interactions between the wearable device and the user. In the legacy system, the interaction requires certain explicit configuration from the user. If the user is unfamiliar with the IT technology, it will be impossible to get the wanted service. Therefore, a new autonomous communication concept among neighbor devices is essential for people who is unfamiliar with the IT technology. The implicit human computer interface enables the user to acquire the services, even though the user don't know the IT technology. In this paper, we propose two BLE based protocols (B-LIDx protocol, B-PniP). B-LIDx protocol is the protocol for locationing the mobile device in indoor. B-PniP is a zero-configure opportunistic direct M2M communication protocol between neighbor devices to achieve the autonomous communication concept with zero-configuration. The protocol's evaluations are performed by measuring the time for finding the location of a mobile device in actual environment and aligning the time spent in services using the B-PniP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2017.07a
• /
• pp.109-112
• /
• 2017

WBAN (Wearable Body Area Network)는 옷이나 몸에 이식된 디바이스들이 몸을 중심으로 결합이나 통신하는 네트워크를 뜻한다. 여기서 사람이 몸에 착용하는 장치인 웨어러블 디바이스는 가벼운 형태의 배터리를 요구한다. 그로 인해, 다른 기기들과는 달리 짧은 배터리 수명을 가질 뿐만 아니라 통신에 관한 제약을 발생시킨다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 저전력 프로토콜을 지원하는 다중대역 웨어러블 디바이스 제어 시스템을 제안한다. 이를 위해 BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) 기반의 프로토콜 스택으로 BLE, 6LoWPAN (IPv6 over Low power WPAN), CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol)을 적용해 데이터 패킷 크기를 감소 시키고 BLE/Wi-Fi 선택 기능을 통해 통신 제약을 완화하고 전체적인 WBAN 에서의 소비 전력을 감소하고자한다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.53 no.8
• /
• pp.3-12
• /
• 2016

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol has attracted attention as a promising technology for low data throughput and low energy wireless sensor networks. Fast device discovery is very important in a BLE based wireless network. It is necessary to configure the network to work with minimized energy consumption because the BLE network nodes are expected to operate a long time typically on a coin cell battery. However, since it is difficult to obtain low energy and low latency at the same time, the BLE standard introduces wide range setting of parameters related to device discovery process and let the network operators to set up parameter values for the application. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the performance of device discovery according to the related parameter values prior to BLE network operation. In this paper we analyze the expected value and the cumulative distribution function of the number of advertisements for device discovery in the BLE network. In addition, we propose a scheme for controlling the interval between advertising events that can improve the performance of device discovery without increasing energy consumption.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.309-315
• /
• 2017

Recently it has drawn much attention on the technologies about Internet of Things (IoT) which connects objects with constrained resource and heterogenous communication module in order to communicate information via internet. We propose a real-time sensor monitoring system based on IPv6 over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), which is included in Bluetooth 4.2 Specification. Since this system uses a publish-subsribe based IoT protocol, so called Message Queueing Telemetry Transport (MQTT), neither transforming network data nor any proxy server is needed in order to transmit data. Through the web client connected to this system, you can monitor sensor data sent by BLE device in real-time, intermediated via MQTT broker and then delivered to the client via HTTP and websocket protocol. In this paper we evaluated network capacity and availability of the implemented test platform. Thus by using this system it is possible to make development cost low and to construct IoT network with heterogenous devices easily.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.221-236
• /
• 2022

BLE protocol prevents MITM attacks with user interaction through some input/output devices such as keyboard or display. Therefore, If it use a device which has no input/output facility, it can be vulnerable to MITM attack. If messages to be sent to a control device is forged by MITM attack, the device can be abnormally operated by malicious attack from attacker. Therefore, we describes a scenario which has the vulnerabilities of the BLE network in this paper and propose countermeasure method against MITM attacks integrity violations. Its mechanism provides data confidentiality and integrity with MD5 and security key distribution of Diffie Helman's method. In order to verify the effectiveness of the countermeasure method proposed in this paper, we have conducted the experiments. ​As experiments, the message was sent 200 times and all of them successfully detected whether there was MITM attack or not. In addition, it took at most about 4.2ms delay time with proposed countermeasure method between devices even attacking was going on. It is expected that more secure data transmission can be achieved between IoT devices on a BLE network through the method proposed.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
• /
• v.5 no.11
• /
• pp.403-410
• /
• 2016

IoT(Internet of Things) has purpose for providing new kind of service though interaction with everything. With development of IoT, computer model which is based on internet is changed to distributed connection model between heterogeneous things. There is a problem that it is impossible to connect between each other different protocols. To solve this problem, we should abstract each of things of data through using adaptor of middleware structure in order to make consistent data unit. In this paper, we propose BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) adaptor, which is interaction with things, based on DDS(Data Distribution Service) that is real-time standard middleware. It is possible to data interaction between BLE Devices as well as two-way data interaction with different protocol devices. Also existing BLE Devices and study have a problem that Data exchange without using a standard data format of a profile defined by the Bluetooth SIG. Using the data formats defined independently by a problem that should not exchange data according to the type and manufacturer of the device BLE. The BLE adapter to solve this problem, the classification and analysis of the 12 stand profile was applied to create a profile based on the standard data format. It is possible to get wide interoperability of not affected on the BLE devices type and manufacturer of the device because it is applied a profile that standard data format.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.298-306
• /
• 2016

With the advent of Internet of Things (IoT) technology that allows the communications between things and devices over the Internet, a lot of researches on the IoT services, such as smart home or healthcare, have been progressed. In the existing machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, however, since the underlying link-layer technologies, such as Bluetooth or ZigBee, do not use the Internet Protocol (IP) communication, those technologies are not suitable to provide the IoT services. Accordingly, this paper discusses how to provide the Internet services in the M2M communication, and propose an implementation of the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) over 6LoWPAN for providing IoT services in the BLE networks. Based on the implementation, we compared the performance between HTTP and CoAP for IoT communications. From the experimental results, we can see that the CoAP protocol gives better performance than the HTTP protocol with two times higher throughput, 21% faster transmission time, and 22% smaller amount of generated packets.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2015.10a
• /
• pp.113-116
• /
• 2015

This paper presented about the system for controlling a wireless power transmission using bluetooth protocol. Bluetooth protocol has been applied in many fields that communicate with data and audio signal in short range. Recently, however, Bluetooth low energy(BLE) more simple than the existing protocol is standardized and is widely used in medical applications and consumer electronics that handle small amount of sensor data and transmit by the low power control signal. It has also been adopted as the standard for the control in the wireless power transfer system. In this paper, We analysed and described the bluetooth low energy protocol techniques for controlling the wireless power transfer system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2016.04a
• /
• pp.986-989
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 사물인터넷 기반의 홈/사무실을 구현하기 위해 기존 디지털 도어락에 저전력 통신이 가능한 BLE 모듈을 탑재하고 가상 오브젝트 기반의 게이트웨이를 통하여 스마트 폰으로 제어가 가능한 저전력 지능형 도어락 시스템을 개발함을 목표로 한다. 이 시스템은 사물인터넷 기술을 이용하여 기존의 도어락에 BLE 모듈을 부착하여 라즈베리파이와 서로 저전력 통신이 가능하게 한다. 부가적으로 스마트폰 애플리케이션을 사용하여 원격제어가 가능한 기능도 수행할 수 있다. [1]따라서, 사물인터넷 기반 저전력 디지털 도어락은 일반 가정집 도어락은 물론, 높은 보안을 필요로 하는 장소에까지 다양한 분야에서 효과적이고 편리하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.