• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.1371-1378
• /
• 2018

Bluetooth is the key technology in the wireless connection of many Internet of Things (IoT) devices, especially focused on smartphones today. In addition, Bluetooth communication between the IoT device and the user is mainly performed via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), but as the Bluetooth technology gradually develops, the security vulnerability of the existing BLE is more prominent. Research on Bluetooth accessibility has been conducted steadily so far, but there is lack of research for data protection in Bluetooth communication. Therefore, in this paper, when sending and receiving data in BLE communication between IoT and users, we propose effective methods for communicating with each other through the Format Preserving Encryption Algorithm (FEA), not the plain text, and measures performance of FEA which is optimized in Arduino and PC.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.53 no.8
• /
• pp.3-12
• /
• 2016

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol has attracted attention as a promising technology for low data throughput and low energy wireless sensor networks. Fast device discovery is very important in a BLE based wireless network. It is necessary to configure the network to work with minimized energy consumption because the BLE network nodes are expected to operate a long time typically on a coin cell battery. However, since it is difficult to obtain low energy and low latency at the same time, the BLE standard introduces wide range setting of parameters related to device discovery process and let the network operators to set up parameter values for the application. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the performance of device discovery according to the related parameter values prior to BLE network operation. In this paper we analyze the expected value and the cumulative distribution function of the number of advertisements for device discovery in the BLE network. In addition, we propose a scheme for controlling the interval between advertising events that can improve the performance of device discovery without increasing energy consumption.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we proposed an electronic attendance-absence recording system using a smartphone that does not require separate BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) devices and infrastructure by using BLE advertisement technology of smartphone. The existing BLE-based electronic attendance-absence recording system requires a BEL device to be attached to each classroom for services and a separate technology to identify the devices attached to the classroom. Also, due to the interference with each other, sometimes an error occurred in the electronic connection. In this paper, we propose a system to solve the problems about time, place and cost, which is a disadvantage of the conventional Bluetooth beacon system. BLE advertising function of the smartphone that the user is using without BLE device, it is possible to construct infrastructure for electronic attendance-absence recording system. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system, we designed the system structure and operation flow and constructed the system using the smart phone in actual used.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.963-969
• /
• 2018

Wi-Fi and Bluetooth technologies are perhaps the most prominent examples of wireless communication technologies used in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. Compared to widely used Wi-Fi, Bluetooth technology has some flaws including 1:1 connection (one-way) between Master and Slave, slow transmission, and limited connection range; Bluetooth is mainly used for connecting audio devices. Since the release of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), some of the flaws of Bluetooth technology have been improved but it still failed to become a competitive alternative of Wi-Fi. This paper presents a method of data transmission through broadcasting in BLE and demonstrates its performance, one-to-many data transfer result. The Connection-Free Data Transmission proposed in this paper will hopefully be utilized in special circumstances requiring 1:N data transmission or disaster security network.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2018

BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) has been extensively used for communication between mobile applications and wearable devices in IoT (Internet of Things). In developing Android applications, wearable devices, on which the applications can run, should be available because the existing Android SDK does not support any BLE emulation facility. In this study, we have designed and implemented the first Android BLE emulator. Using this, we are able to develop and test BLE-based Android applications even when without wearable devices. We have also proposed an automatic generation method of Android BLE scenarios based on graph model. We have shown that the method is useful for systematically testing BLE application protocols by running the generated scenarios on the Android BLE emulator.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.825-837
• /
• 2021

The Bluetooth Low Energy profile has the advantage of continuing wireless communication with very little power consumption compared to the existing Bluetooth, so it is widely applied to smart devices. Most of them are applied to Point-to-Point (1:1) communication between Central (Master) and Peripheral (Slave), but can be applied to Point-to-Multiple (1:N) wireless communication through the use of multiple threads and timers. Therefore, in this paper, a precise timer was designed in the BLE profile to devise an image segmentation transmission/reception structure based on multiple access, and a smart image block device applied to it was designed and verified.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
• /
• v.5 no.11
• /
• pp.403-410
• /
• 2016

IoT(Internet of Things) has purpose for providing new kind of service though interaction with everything. With development of IoT, computer model which is based on internet is changed to distributed connection model between heterogeneous things. There is a problem that it is impossible to connect between each other different protocols. To solve this problem, we should abstract each of things of data through using adaptor of middleware structure in order to make consistent data unit. In this paper, we propose BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) adaptor, which is interaction with things, based on DDS(Data Distribution Service) that is real-time standard middleware. It is possible to data interaction between BLE Devices as well as two-way data interaction with different protocol devices. Also existing BLE Devices and study have a problem that Data exchange without using a standard data format of a profile defined by the Bluetooth SIG. Using the data formats defined independently by a problem that should not exchange data according to the type and manufacturer of the device BLE. The BLE adapter to solve this problem, the classification and analysis of the 12 stand profile was applied to create a profile based on the standard data format. It is possible to get wide interoperability of not affected on the BLE devices type and manufacturer of the device because it is applied a profile that standard data format.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2017

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), also known as Bluetooth Smart, has ultra-low power consumption; in fact, BLE-enabled devices can run on a single coin cell battery for several years. In addition, BLE can estimate the approximate distance between two devices using the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) feature, enabling relatively precise navigation in indoor and small outdoor areas where GPS is not an option. In this paper, an experimental setup is presented in which BLE is used for navigation within a small outdoor area. BLE-based beacons are installed in fixed positions, which periodically transmit a universally unique identifier (UUID). A smart device receives the UUID and sends it to a database server using cellular or Wi-Fi technology. The server returns fixed position information corresponding to the received UUID codes, and the smart device uses that information to compute its current position based on relative signal strengths, and display it on a map. These results demonstrate the successful application of BLE technology for navigation in small outdoor areas. This system can be implemented for indoor navigation as well.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2016.07a
• /
• pp.187-188
• /
• 2016

실내에서 작업자의 위치 정보를 취득하면 사용자의 이동 경로 파악이나 물체의 지역화 및 상황인지 서비스가 가능하다. 최근, BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) 비콘을 사용하여 작업자의 실내 위치를 파악할 수 있는 여러 가지 연구가 진행되고 있으나 BLE 비콘의 신호세기 강도와 RSSI(Received signal strength indication)의 정확도에 대한 에러율 증가로 인해 실내 작업자 위치 파악 연구에 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 BLE 비콘에서 취득한 RSSI 정보에 대해 PCA, ICA, SVM의 패턴인식 알고리즘을 적용하여 인식정확도를 구하고, 여러 패턴인식 알고리즘 중에서 어떤 알고리즘이 인식정확도 측면에서 적용이 가능한지 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2015.10a
• /
• pp.270-271
• /
• 2015

Recently, There is Increasing interest in the intelligent services using the Internet of Things indoor positioning technologies that enable the communication of information between the objects. In particular Applications and demand for the indoor location based services using smart devices has made active. An indoor location positioning technology for this purpose BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) has been a lot of interest in technology increases. If iBeacon of BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) is made available to provide a signal for the indoor location information measurement then reliability of Indoor location information is lowered by signal interference. In this paper, Proposes a technique for data acquisition method for obtaining reliable position information and reliable position information calculation method from signal information data of iBeacon.