• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 1986

원자로 노심을 축방향으로 일차원 해석을 하고, 가입경수로형원자로의 안전성 해석에 적용할 수 있는 중성자 동특성프로그램 BIK를 개발하였다. BIK프로그램내에서 공간변수에 대해서는 유한차분법이, 시간변수에 대해서는 $\theta$-시간적분법이 채택되었다. 또한 도플러 및 감속재 궤환과 제어봉구동 등을 자세히 묘사하는 모델들이 포함되었다 핵모델의 검증은 ANL검증문제를 통해 이루어졌고, 고리 1호기의 제어봉 인출사고시의 노심출력 변화를 계산하였다. 이상의 계산결과 BIK동특성프로그램이 노심의 중성자 속 변화를 일차원해석의 한계내에서 비교적 정착하게 묘사할 수 있으며, 가압경수로형 원자로의 안전성 해석에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다는 것이 증명되었다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.84-87
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• 2003

Purpose: Evidence exists that dysregulation of Bcl-2 family members is involved in the pathogenesis of cancer development. The aim of this study was to explore whether the somatic mutation of proapoptotic Bcl-2 member genes, one of the mechanisms that prolong the survival of cancer cells, is involved in gastric carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: In the current study, to detect somatic mutations of the DNA sequences encoding the Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3) domain of the human BAD, BIM, BIK, and Bcl-G genes in 60 advanced gastric adenocarcinomas, we used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and DNA sequencing. Results: The SSCP analysis revealed no mutations in the coding regions of the BH3 domain in the cancers. Conclusion: The data presented here indicate that proapoptotic Bcl-2 member genes, BAD, BIM, BIK, and Bcl-G, may not be mutated in human gastric carcinomas and suggest that these genes might be altered by mechanisms other mechanisms somatic mutation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.442-450
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• 2009

후추의 주요 성분인 piperine은 다양한 생리활성을 나타내고 있으며, 특히 암예방 효과가 있는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 piperine의 항암 효과를 밝히기 위해 piperine이 인간의 대장에서 유래한 암세포인 HT-29 세포의 증식에 미치는 영향과 작용 기전을 연구하였다. Piperine을 HT-29 세포 배양액에 여러 농도($0{\sim}40{\mu}M$)로 첨가하여 세포를 배양한 경우 piperine 처리 농도가 증가할수록 세포의 증식이 감소하였고, 세포사멸이 증가하였다. 이는 piperine이 HT-29 세포의 세포사멸을 유도하여 세포 증식을 억제함을 제시한다. Piperine의 세포사멸 기전을 조사하기 위해 세포사멸 조절인자의 변화를 조사하였다. Piperine에 의해 anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family 단백질인 Bcl-2와 Mcl-1 단백질 수준은 감소하였고, BH3-only 단백질인 Bid 단백질 수준은 감소하였으나, Bik 단백질 수준은 증가하였다. 또한 piperine에 의해 미토콘드리아 막의 투과성이 증가하였고, cytochrome c의 세포질로의 방출이 증가하였다. 또한 piperine 처리에 의해 caspase의 활성형인 cleaved caspase-8, -9, -7, -3 단백질 수준이 증가하였고, PARP의 불활성형인 cleaved PARP 수준이 증가하였다. Caspase의 활성을 저해하는 세포사멸억제단백질 중의 하나인 survivin 단백질 발현이 piperine에 의해 감소하였다. 이 결과로부터 대장암세포인 HT-29 세포에서 piperine이 Bcl-2 family 단백질 발현 변화를 초래하여 미토콘드리아 막 투과성 증가시키고 cytochrome c 방출을 증가시키고, caspase 활성을 증가시키고 survivin 단백질 발현을 억제하여 세포사멸을 유도하여 항암 효과를 나타냄을 알 수 있다. 본 연구는 piperine이 대장암에 강한 항암 효과가 있음을 밝혔으나 향후 암예방 및 암치료제로서 piperine을 활용하기 위해서는 동물실험 및 임상실험 등 다양한 추가 실험이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2010

In order to demonstrate the potential therapeutic effect of two flavonoids, Baicalein and Wogonin, on suppression of pathological myocardial fibrosis in hypertension, we investigated their in vitro effects on collagen expression in primary cultured cardiac fibroblasts isolated from neonatal normotensive (WKY) and hypertensive (SHR) rats. Our results showed that over-expression of collagen mRNA and protein induced in cardiac fibroblasts by angiotensin (AngII) could be attenuated significantly by both flavonoids at an optimal dosage ($30\;{\mu}M$; P < 0.01). Results of immunoblots showed that expression of 12-LO level, p-ERK/ ERK ratio and MMP-9 in AngII-stimulated SHR cardiac fibroblasts were significantly down-regulated by both flavonoids. Our results show that both Baicalein and Wogonin can suppress collagen deposition in AngII-stimulated SHR and WKY cardiac fibroblasts.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2001

It has been observed that water, which is absolutely essential for enzyme activity, can induce the agglomeration of enzyme particles in organic media. Although enzyme agglomeration is significant in that it usually reduces enzyme activity and stability, little attention has been paid to the quantitative analysis of enzyme agglomeration behavior in nonaqueous biocatalytic systems. In this study, the effect of water and silica gel on enzyme agglomeration were investigated using Candida rugosa lipase and cyclohexane as a model enzyme and an organic medium. The extent of enzyme agglomeration was quantified by sieve analysis of freeze-dried agglomerates. Increasing the water content of the medium increased the size of the enzyme agglomerates, and it was found that water produced during the esterification reaction could also promote the agglomeration of enzyme particles suspended in organic media. On the other hand, the size of the enzyme agglomerates was remarkably reduced in the presence of silica gel at the same water content. We also show that this increase in the size of enzyme agglomerates results in lower reaction rates in organic solvents.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Although Angelica keiskei (AK) has widely been utilized for the purpose of general health improvement among Asian, its functionality and mechanism of action. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of ethanol extract of AK (AK-Ex) on acute hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen (AAP) in HepG2 human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cells and HepaRG human hepatic progenitor cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: AK-Ex was prepared HepG2 and HepaRG cells were cultured with various concentrations and 30 mM AAP. The protective effects of AK-Ex against AAP-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 and HepaRG cells were evaluated using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. RESULTS: AK-Ex, when administered prior to AAP, increased cell growth and decreased leakage of LDH in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2 and HepaRG cells against AAP-induced hepatotoxicity. AK-Ex increased the level of Bcl-2 and decreased the levels of Bax, Bok and Bik decreased the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane in HepG2 cells intoxicated with AAP. AK-Ex decreased the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and the activation of caspase-9, -7, and -3. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that AK-Ex downregulates apoptosis via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways against AAP-induced hepatotoxicity. We suggest that AK could be a useful preventive agent against AAP-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.417-422
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• 2019

From October 2015 to August 2018, tapeworm proglottids were obtained from 10 patients who were residents of Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces and had a history of raw beef consumption. Most of them had no overseas travel experience. The gravid proglottids obtained from the 10 cases had 15-20 lateral uterine branches. A part of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) DNA of the 10 cases, amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digested with AleI restriction enzyme, produced the same band pattern of Taenia saginata, which differentiated from T. asiatica and T. solium. Sequences of ITS1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) showed higher homology to T. saginata than to T. asiatica and T. solium. Collectively, these 10 cases were identified as T. saginata human infections. As taeniasis is one of the important parasitic diseases in humans, it is necessary to maintain hygienic conditions during livestock farming to avoid public health concerns.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2023

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is caused by X-linked recessive disorderliness. It induces severe anemia when a patient with G6PD deficiency is exposed to oxidative stress that occurs with administration of an antimalarial drug, primaquine. The distribution of G6PD deficiency remains unknown while primaquine has been used for malaria treatment in Myanmar. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of G6PD deficiency and its variants in Chin State, Myanmar. Among 322 participants, 18 (11 males and 7 females) demonstrated a G6PD deficiency. Orissa variant was dominant in the molecular analysis. This would be related to neighboring Indian and Bangladeshi population, in which Orissa variant was also reported as the main mutation type. The screening test for G6PD deficiency before primaquine treatment appears to be important in Myanmar.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2022

전립선암 환자의 전이성 질환 진단을 위해 사용되는 양전자 방출 단층촬영용 [⁶⁸Ga]PSMA-11 주사액은 자동화 생산 방법을 통해 높은 재현성과 우수한 방사화학적 수율 및 순도를 얻을 수 있으며 제조 시 작업자의 방사선 피폭을 최소화할 수 있다. 이를 위해 적용한 비 카세트 방식과 카세트 방식의 자동 합성 방법을 소개하고 비교하고자 한다. [⁶⁸Ga]PSMA-11 주사액의 자동화 생산을 위해 ⁶⁸Ge/⁶⁸Ga generator 50 mCi(iThemba LABS, Johannesburg, South Africa), 주사기 펌프 NE-1000(New Era Pump System, New York, USA)을 사용하였으며, 자동 합성 장치는 비 카세트 방식의 TRACERlab FXN pro(GE Healthcare, Liege, Belgium)와 카세트 방식의 BIKBox(BIK THERAPEUTICS Inc., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea)를 사용하였다. 0.6 N 염산 용액 6 mL의 주사기가 장착된 실린지 펌프를 ⁶⁸Ge/⁶⁸Ga generator의 inlet-line과 연결하고 outlet-line은 자동 합성 장치와 연결한 후 자동 합성장치와 동시에 작동하였으며, 2 mL/min의 속도로 ⁶⁸Ga을 용출하였다. 초기 약 1.7 mL은 waste vial로 용출 시켰고, 그 후 2.5 mL은 반응용기로 용출하여, 방사능 농도가 높은 2.5 mL의 용액만 표지 과정에 이용하였다. 반응 용액의 pH를 HEPES buffer 용액으로 조절한 후 전구체와 95 ℃에서 15분간 반응하였으며, C18 light 카트리지를 이용, 분리·정제 하였다. 50% 에탄올/생리식염수 희석액으로 최종 화합물을 용출하고 생리식염수를 추가한 후 멸균 필터 함으로써 제조를 완료하였다. 각각의 자동 합성 장치에서 제조된 [⁶⁸Ga] PSMA-11 주사액의 품질관리를 시행하고 장단점을 비교하였다. 총 합성 시간은 각각 25±3분(비 카세트 방식), 23±3분(카세트 방식)이 소요되었으며, 방사화학적 수율은 멸균 필터 후 비 카세트 방식이 65.5±5.7%(n=45, non-decay corrected), 카세트 방식이 61.6±4.8%(n=98, non-decay corrected)였다. 비 카세트 방식은 장비 세척과 시약 준비 시간으로 인해 합성 전 준비 시간이 약 120분 소요되었고, 카세트 방식은 세척과 시약 준비 과정이 없어 합성 전 준비 시간은 약 20분 소요되었다. 비 카세트 방식 자동 합성 방법은 방사화학적 수율과 비용적 측면에서 카세트 방식 대비 높은 장점을 가지나, 제조 준비 단계에서의 편의성과 장비 유지 보수 측면에서는 카세트 방식이 장점을 가진다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.159-179
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• 1974

In order to investigate morphological and cultural characteristics of strains in species, Flammulina velutipes, the author collected isolates of Flammultina velutipes at 49 locations in Korea and cultivated these isolates on the various kinds of solid media. After investigating the cultural characteristics, appeared on the various media, he obtained the following results : 1. The variation of colors in the fruit bodies is connected with the variation of climatic environments(composite effects between mean temperature in January and number of rain days of 1mm and over precipitation). The author, therfore, can find out the trend that brown type is distributed in the midland climatic region and yellow type in the southern climatic regoin. 2. Two types can be classified into several strains respectively : the strain of abundant or insufficient productivity, and strain of selectivity or non-selectivity of media. 3. According to the results of mutual comparison of soluble mycelial proteins by disc electrophoresis using polyacrylamide gels, each type has special common protein fractions(brown type : band located at 26..5mm position from surface of gel, yellow type : band located at 24.5mm position from surface of gel), and each strain has special protein fractions too. Therefore this phenomenon seems to support the results obtained by the above-stated morphological and cultural studies. 4. In the adaptability of strains to the temperature, every strain has the nature of growing in lower temperature(the optimum temperature of 20.deg.C to 25.deg.C) except that YI-1 strain has the optimum temperatue of $25^{\circ}C$-26^{\circ}C. And mycelial growth of every strain is discontinued at $35^{\circ}C.$ 5. In the adaptability of strains to the H-ion concentration, every strain has wide adaptable range of H-ion concentration, and has optimum range of pH 5.5 to 6.6 in mycelial growth excepting YA01, BI-2 and YI-1. 6. In the utility of carbon sources, the mycelial growth of every strain is very poor on the media containing xylose(average diameter of mycelial growth : 18mm), and most strains utilize favorably sucrose(39mm), maltose(37mm) and dextrose(35mm) in mycelial growth. In the utility of nitrogen sources, every strain utilizes favorably organic nitrogens(36 mm)more than inorganic nitrogens (25 mm), and utilizes fully peptone nad asparagine in organic nitrogens. Especially BA-1, BIK-2 and YA-1 strains grow vigorously on each media containing various carbon and nitrogen sources. 7. The characteristic tests of the number of days required for mycelial growth, the number of days requried for sprout of young bodies, the length of stipe and the number of fruit bodies formation seem to be useful methods in the early selection of the strain of the abundant productivity.