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Unification Policies of Major Parties in South Korea (정당 통일정책 비교)

  • Kim, Haknoh
    • Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.5-52
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    • 2016
  • Several criticisms notwithstanding, the major political parties in South Korea seem to have developed relatively coherent 'collective identities' with regard to the unification question between South and North Korea. A comparative analysis in this paper reveals a certain pattern of convergence and divergence in unification policies among major parties. First, diachronically, the two major political parties in the history of South Korea, which I call for simplicity "conservative parties" and "democratic parties" respectively, have converged into allelosubjective attitudes towards North Korea since President Park Chung-hee's proclamation of peaceful unification plan in 1970. The governments of conservative parties since then promoted allelosubjective relations between South and North Korea, which the governments of democratic parties succeeded and developed into a partial integration policy. Though the succeeding governments of conservative parties of Lee Myung-bak and Park Geun-hye seem to have stepped back from the allelosubjective attitudes, seemingly they have not yet withdrawn to the monosubjective stance before 1970. Next, synchronically, an analysis of the platforms of major parties and their campaign promises in the 20th general election in 2016 reveals converging and diverging points in their unification policies. All the major parties show relatively allelosubjective attitudes towards North Korea, with significant differences. "Saenuri Party," the current conservative party, maintains quite bit of monosubjective attitudes towards North Korea and requires unilateral changes of North Korea in the process of unification. "Justice Party," the minor progressive party, is the most allelosubjective in that it presupposes the co-existence and mutual survival of the two Koreas in unification. In between lie "The Minjoo Party of Korea" and "The People's Party", the two parties separated in the democratic party bloc.

Analysis of Coefficiency According to Blade rpm Change in Tidal Current Power Generation System (조류발전 시스템 내 블레이드 회전수 변화에 따른 효율 특성 분석)

  • Lee, Uk Jae;Han, Seok Jong;Bak, Da In;Jeong, Shin Taek
    • Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.314-319
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    • 2019
  • The numerical simulation method was used to analyze the flow velocity change and mechanical coefficient characteristics of the blade in the shroud system that changes with the initial flow velocity and the blade rpm. In the analysis condition, the initial flow velocity was varied from 0.35 m/s to 1.0 m/s, and the blade rpm varied from 50 rpm to 300 rpm. Through this, the mechanical coefficient was estimated. The flow velocity changes tended to increase more than 1.8 times at the middle point compared to the inlet. When the flow velocity ratio was 0.75 m/s compared to the initial flow velocity of 0.5 m/s, the flow velocity ratio decreased. The mechanical coefficient using the torque of the blade also showed the highest coefficient at 0.5 m/s, and the trends were similar. On the other hand, the maximum coefficient was estimated to be about 20.88% in TSR 4.77 when the initial flow velocity was 0.5 m/s. The mechanical coefficient analysis of blades in this study is expected to provide the basic data for hydraulic model experimental.

Inhibitory Effects of Ethanol Extract from Angelica tenuissima Root on Oxidative Stress and Melanogenesis

  • Koo, Hyun Jung;Lee, Sung Ryul;Park, Yuna;Lee, Jin Woo;So, Gyeongseop;Kim, Sung Hyeok;Ha, Chang Woo;Lee, Sang Eun;Bak, Jong Phil;Ham, Su Ryeon;Lim, Hyosun;Kim, Youn Kyu;Sohn, Eun-Hwa
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.312-321
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    • 2018
  • Angelica tenuissima, also known as Ligusticum tenuissimum, is classified as a food-related plant and has been used as traditional medicines treating headache and anemia in Asia. However, its anti-melanogenic effect has not been reported in detail. When the extract of Angelica tenuissima (ATE) was prepared by the extraction with 70% EtOH at $80^{\circ}C$ (final yield = 22%), the contents of decursin and Z-ligustilide in ATE were determined 0.06% and 8.43%, respectively. Total flavonoid and phenolic content in mg ATE were $5.52{\pm}0.07{\mu}g$ quercetin equivalents and $237.27{\pm}13.24{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents, respectively. Antioxidant capacity of ATE determined by DPPH and ABTS assay was increased with a dose dependent manner up to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The amount of melanin synthesis followed by ${\alpha}-melanocyte$ stimulating hormone on B16F10 cells were significantly reduced in the presence of ATE (250 to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, p<0.05). ATE (125 to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, p<0.05) suppressed the tyrosinase activity but did not show any significant effect on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity at the same condition. Taken together, ATE possesses tyrosinase inhibitory potential with significant antioxidant capacities. These effects of ATE might be involved in suppression of melanin synthesis, at least, in B16F10 cells. The anti-melanogenic potential of ATE will provide an insight into developing a new skin whitening product.

Comparison of Nutritional Composition of Noodle Products in Korean Key Foods (국내 주요 식품(Key foods) 중 면류 제품의 영양성분 함량 비교)

  • Cha, Seung-Hyeon;Han, In-Beom;Park, Woo-Hyun;Park, Sang-Beom;Bak, Se-Lim;Kim, Byung Hee;Yoon, Sung-Won;Kim, In Hwan;Chun, Jiyeon;Shin, Jung-Ah;Kim, Younghwa;Shin, Eui-Cheol;Seo, Dongwon;Lee, Sam-pin;Sung, Jeehye;Kim, So-Jung;Lee, Jun-Soo;Jang, Keum-Il
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.449-457
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    • 2021
  • This study analyzed the nutritional composition (proximate composition, total dietary fiber, calories, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids) of 10 noodle products (tteok ramyun, jjamppong ramyun, kimchi ramyun, instant udon, cup ramyun, jajangmyun, bibimmyun, cream spaghetti, ssalguksu, and milmyun), which account for 85% of the cumulative intake of one or more key nutrients, using data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The moisture contents of bibimmyun, jajangmyun, and cream spaghetti were lower than those of the other noodle products, whereas the crude fat, crude protein, carbohydrate, and calorie contents were the highest. Cream spaghetti had the highest mineral, fatty acid, and amino acid contents, followed by bibimmyun and jajangmyun. Ssalguksu had the lowest contents of most nutrients. These data could be used to populate a food composition database, which can provide consumers with the nutritional information about frequently consumed noodle products.

A qualitative study of the experiences of nurse participants in a communication education program for nursing change-of-shift dialogue (의사소통 교육 체험에 대한 질적 연구 -간호사의 인수인계 대화를 중심으로)

  • Park, Song-Chol;Bak, Yong-Ik;Sok, So-Hyune;Lee, Hye-Yong;Jeoung, Yeon-Ok;Jin, Jeong-Kun;Lee, Jung-Woo
    • Health Communication
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.97-110
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: This study is an overview of the experiences of nurses who have participated in a communication education program which was designed to develop proper change-of-shift dialogues. The goal of this program was to improve the communication competencies of outgoing and incoming nurses during handover and takeover of their shifts. Methods: The materials used in this study to analyze the experiences qualitatively were transcripts from narrative interviews with seven nurse participants. The education program consisted of two rounds of change-of-shift simulations by pairs of nurses, planning of a forthcoming change-of-shift, three lectures on ideal dialogue patterns, and time for video feedback. Afterwards the participants' experiences of the program were evaluated generally, highlighting the positive and the negative aspects, and how this educational experiences might affect their future change-of-shift activities. Results: High practicability, originality, professionalism, and effectiveness were some of the positive assessments made by the nurse participants. In addition, they pointed out that the sample video in which two professors performed an ideal handover and takeover and the paper kardex were both quite unrealistic. The location of the change-of-shift simulation was also unfamiliar so it needed to be supplemented. However, most of the nurses took for granted that such a communication education program is necessary and that it will provide a substantial help in their future job performance. In this regard they recommended the program to all related hospitals and nursing schools. Conclusion: The results of this study could be applied to other forms of communication education programs regardless of the specific area where communication takes place.

Analysis of Helical Pile Behavior in Sands Varying Helix Pitch Based on Numerical Analysis Results (사질토에 근입된 헬릭스 피치에 따른 헬리컬 파일의 수치해석적 거동분석)

  • Bak, Jongho;Lee, Kicheol;Choi, Byeong-Hyun;Kim, Dongwook
    • Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.29-40
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    • 2018
  • Oil sands, which are largely distributed in Canada and Venezuela, are a mixture of crude oil and sandy soils. In order to extract crude oil from oil sands, construction of massive oil sand plants is required. Generally, the typically-used foundation types of the oil sand plant are driven piles and cast-in-place piles. Most of the oil sand plants are located in cold and remote regions. Installation of driven piles in frozen or organic surface soils is difficult due to high resistance and installation equipment accessability, while the cast-in-place pile has concrete curing problem due to cold temperature. Helical pile can be installed quickly and easily using rotation with a little help of vertical load. As the installation of helical pile is available using a small and light-weight installation equipment, accessibility of installation equipment is improved. The helical pile has an advantage of easy removal by rotation in reverse direction compared with that of installation. Furthermore, reuse of removed helical piles is possible when the piles are structurally safe. In this study, the behavior of helical piles varying helix pitch was analyzed based on the numerical analysis results. Numerical model was calibrated based on the results of model helical pile tests in laboratory. The ultimate helical pile loads, the displacement of each helix attached to the shaft of the helical pile, and the load sharing ratio of each helix were analyzed.

The Flora of Vascular Plants of Mt. Mangtaebong (Inje-gun, Gangwon-do) in the DMZ area (DMZ일원 망태봉(강원도 인제군)의 관속식물상)

  • Lee, Ahyoung;An, Jong-Bin;Kim, Sang-Jun;Hwang, Hee-Suk;Park, Jinsun;Bak, Gippeum;Song, Jin-Heon;Yun, Ho-Geun;Jung, Ji-Young;Jung, Su-Young;Kim, Il-Kwon;Shin, Hyun-Tak;Lee, Cheol-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.04a
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    • pp.75-75
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구에서는 DMZ 일원인 강원도 인제군 망태봉(771.4m) 일대를 중심으로 2018년 4월부터 10월까지 총 8회에 걸쳐 식물상 조사를 실시하였다. 관속식물은 76과 187속 235종 2아종 28변종 4품종으로 총 269분류군이 조사되었다. 분류군별로는 양치식물이 7과 21분류군, 나자식물이 1과 3분류군, 쌍자엽식물이 60과 208분류군, 단자엽식물이 8과 37분류군으로 확인되었다. 주요 식물로는 특산식물이 할미밀망(Clematis trichotoma), 무늬족도리풀(Asarum versicolor), 병꽃나무(Weigela subsessilis), 고려엉겅퀴(Cirsium setidens), 처녀치마(Heloniopsis koreana) 등 6분류군, 산림청 지정 희귀식물은 위기종(Endangered, EN)인 구실바위취(Saxifraga octopetala)와 관심대상종(Least Concern, LC)인 도깨비부채(Rodgersia podophylla)로 총 2분류군이 확인되었다. 기후변화취약종인 산림청 지정의 북방계식물은 회리바람꽃(Anemone reflexa), 피나물(Hylomecon vernalis), 돌단풍(Mukdenia rossii), 애기앉은부채(Symplocarpus nipponicus) 등 7분류군이 확인되었다. 침입외래식물은 생태계교란종인 돼지풀(Ambrosia artemisiifolia), 단풍잎돼지풀(Ambrosia trifida), 미국쑥부쟁이(Aster pilosus) 3분류군을 포함하여 총 7분류군이 조사되었다. 유용식물로는 용도가 뚜렷하지 않은 77분류군(28.6%)을 제외한 192분류군(71.4%)이 자원식물로서 이용가치가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이들을 용도에 따라 구분해보면 식용 107분류군(39.8%), 섬유용 3분류군(1.1%), 약용 80분류군(29.7%), 관상용 32분류군(11.9%), 사료용 87분류군(32.3%), 산업용 2분류군(0.7%), 염료용 3분류군(1.1%), 목재용 7분류군(2.6%)으로 조사되었다.

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DMZ 155 Miles - Characteristics of natural environment and plant distribution - (DMZ 155마일 자연환경 및 식물분포특성연구)

  • Jung, Su-Young;Park, Jinsun;Bak, Gippeum;Kim, Sang-Jun;An, Jong-Bin;Lee, Ahyoung;Hwang, Hee-Suk;Song, Jin-Heon;Yun, Ho-Geun;Jung, Ji-Young;Kim, Il-Kwon;Shin, Hyun-Tak;Lee, Cheol-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.04a
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    • pp.25-25
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    • 2019
  • 1953년 7월 27일 정전협정 이후 한반도를 가로지르는 DMZ (Demilitarized zone: 비무장지대)가 설정되었다. DMZ에 출입은 군사정전위원회의 허가가 있어야 가능하기에 군사시설 및 군작전지역을 포함하여 DMZ 및 민간인통제선 이북은 민간인 접근의 제한으로, 단절된 공간으로 변모하였다. DMZ는 우리나라의 대표적인 동고서저의 지형 및 다양한 생태환경을 두루 갖추고 있어 중요한 생태적 요충지로 평가받고 있다. 산림지역은 민간인통제지역까지 합치면 40여개의 산지가 분포하고 있으며, 하천은 크게 15개의 크고 작은 하천이 위치하고 있다. 남방한계선 수계를 따라 일부지역들은 하천 배후습지, 묵논습지 등 습원형태로도 많이 발견되고 있다. 이런 습원지역들은 대부분 미확인 지뢰지대로 접근이 제한적인 만큼 지난 세월의 흔적들을 고스란히 담고 있다. 1965년 한국자연보존연구회는 30여명의 국내학자를 동원하여 서울에서 가까운 DMZ 인접지역에 대한 예비적인 학술조사를 실시하였으며, 이를 계기로 1966년 10월부터 1968년 9월까지 2년간에 걸쳐 한국자연보존위원회 34명의 국내학자와 미국 스미소니언연구소(Smithsonian Institution) H. K. Buechner 박사를 대표로 5명의 국외학자가 공동으로 종합적인 학술조사를 수행하였다. 이는 DMZ 연구의 시작을 알렸으며, 이후 남북관계나 시대여건에 맞추어 간헐적으로 다양한 조사 및 연구들이 이어져오고 있다. 2015년부터 2018년까지 DMZ 철책주변 현장조사를 통해 확인된 식물현황은 964분류군이다. 군시설로 인해 식물서식환경이 제한적인 상황이지만 척박한 환경에 적응하고 있는 식물은 다양하다. DMZ와 맞닿아 있는 7개 지역에 대한 식물현황은 철원 638분류군, 연천 631분류군, 양구 525분류군 순으로 나타났다. 대부분 중동부 지역에 높은 식물종수가 나타났으며, 서부와 동부의 식물들이 고르게 나타나는 결과로 보인다. 큰잎쓴풀, 봉래꼬리풀 등 희귀식물도 있는 반면, 잠재적으로 생태계에 영향을 줄 수 있는 침입외래식물도 다수 포함되어 있어서, 지속적인 모니터링 및 관리가 필요하다. 그 중에서도 양구지역에 새롭게 발견된 Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R.Br.(양귀비과)는 독성이 포함된 식물이며, 인제에서 2014년에 발견된 미역취아재비는 DMZ일원에 제한적으로 분포하는 종이였으나 현재 연천에서 발견되는 등 확산에 대한 관리방안이 필요하다.

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The Flora of Vascular Plants in Mt. toemo(Incheon-si, Ganghwa-gun) (퇴모산 일원(인천시 강화군)의 관속식물상)

  • Song, Jin-Heon;Bak, Gippeum;An, Jong-Bin;Kim, Sang-Jun;Hwang, Hee-Suk;Park, Jinsun;Lee, Ahyoung;Yun, Ho-Geun;Jung, Su-Young;Jung, Ji-Young;Kim, Il-Kwon;Shin, Hyun-Tak;Lee, Cheol-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.04a
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    • pp.70-70
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 인천시 강화군 퇴모산(338m) 일원을 중심으로 식물상을 조사하였다. 관속식물은 76과 210속 268종 3아종 27변종 3품종으로 총 301분류군으로 조사되었다. 분류군별로 양치식물이 4과 5분류군, 나자식물 2과 4분류군, 쌍자엽식물이 61과 226분류군, 단자엽식물이 9과 66분류군이 확인되었다. 주요 식물로 특산식물은 할미밀망(Clematis trichotoma), 백운산원추리(Hemerocallis hakuunensis), 늦둥굴레(Polygonatum infundiflorum)로 3분류군, 희귀식물은 관심대상종(Least Concern)인 두루미천남성(Arisaema heterophyllum), 정보부족종(Data Deficient)인 늦둥굴레(Polygonatum infundiflorum)로 2분류군이 확인되었다. 침입 외래식물은 돼지풀(Ambrosia artemisiifolia), 미국자리공(Phytolacca americana), 좀명아주(Chenopodium ficifolium), 달맞이꽃(Oenothera biennis L.), 털별꽃아재비(Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) S.F.Blake) 등 10과 20분류군이 조사되었다. 유용식물로는 용도를 모르는 49분류군(16.3%)을 제외하면 252분류군(83.7%)이 자원식물로 이용가치가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이들을 용도에 따라 구분해보면 식용 130분류군(29.4%), 섬유용 3분류군(0.7%), 약용 106분류군(24.0%), 관상용 34분류군(7.7%), 사료용 141분류군(31.9%), 산업용 3분류군(0.7%), 염료용 10분류군(2.3%), 목재용 15분류군(3.4%)으로 조사되었다.

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A Study on the Ecological Restoration of Disturbed area in DMZ(Demiltarized zone) (DMZ 내 생태교란지 식물복원 연구)

  • Jung, JI-Young;Kim, Sang-Jun;An, Jong-Bin;Lee, Ahyoung;Hwang, Hee-Suk;Bak, Gippeum;Park, Jinsun;Song, Jin-Heon;Yun, Ho-Geun;Jung, Su-Young;Shin, Hyun-Tak;Lee, Cheol-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.04a
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    • pp.26-26
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    • 2019
  • DMZ 일원은 정전협정으로 비무장지대(DMZ: Demilitarized Zone)가 설정된 이래 민간인의 출입이 엄격히 금지된 채로 외부의 간섭에서 벗어난 독보적 공간으로 보전되어 오고 있다. 하지만 일부 지역은 자연재해 및 군사적 목적으로 훼손되어 생태적으로 교란된 지역이 발생하여 생태적 건강성이 저하되고 있다. 무엇보다 군사분계선 남쪽 2km에 설치된 남방한계선은 군사적 목적에 따라 시계확보를 위해 불모지작전을 수행하여 생태적 교란 및 토양침식에 의해 생태계가 열악한 실정이다. DMZ 내 생태교란지 식물복원 연구는 DMZ내 생태교란지를 하나의 특수한 생태계로 간주하여, 향후 DMZ내 생태교란지에 특화된 식생복원 체계를 마련하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 DMZ 155마일(248km)에 대해서 위성영상분석을 수행하여 생태교란지 유형화분류 연구를 수행하여 7개 유형(저지대초지, 서부저지대산지, 저습지 및 수공간 지역 등)으로 분류하였다. 또한 DMZ 생태교란지에 적합한 식물종 선정을 위하여 DMZ 전역을 대상으로 식물상 조사를 실시하여, 분포가 확인된 종을 대상으로 도입 가능종의 검토, 종자 수집 및 채종원 조성을 실시하였다. 추후 DMZ 생태교란지 식물복원에 적합한 공법연구를 수행하고자 한다. 시계확보를 위해 수행되는 불모지 작전에 적합한 종의 선정, 선정된 종을 대상으로 유사환경 조성에 따른 공법 적용, 적용된 공법에 따른 관리 방안 연구를 함께 수행하고자 한다. 본 연구를 통해 DMZ 일원에 특화된 공법개발이 이루어진다면 불모지 작전 및 관리 최소화가 이루어지고, 무엇보다 우리나라 종자 및 야생화 산업의 활성화와 현재 파편화 되어 있는 생태축이 하나의 축으로 연결 될 것이라고 기대해 본다.

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