• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.657-679
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to measure economic impact of marine environment conservation research development project. Benefit-Cost(B/C) analysis and Contingent Valuation Methods(CVM) are used to valuate the benefits from the research development projects. A period of three years for research development fund is considered as a part of the costs and adjusted to the net present value (NPV) of the 2002 ending period. The environmental charges for marine environment improvement are considered for the benefit measurement. The benefits are estimated by using monthly average willingness to pay, which is 2,289 Korean won. The contribution of the developing a management model for environmental pollution in the Gwangyang Bay is evaluated utilizing survey data and information. Based on the assessment by expert groups, the contribution of the model was 37.5％. The research results showed that B/C ratio is 20.61, NPV is 89,200 million Korean won, and social rate of return is 185.7％. When the level of contribution is over 1.83％ at the assessment of potential influence, it is recognized to be economically feasible. This research presents a quantitative framework for Research and Development projects for marine environment conservation, and it can be applied to decision making for the investment size of R&D projects.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.676-692
• /
• 2018

Saliency detection in neurobiology is a vehement research during the last few years, several cognitive and interactive systems are designed to simulate saliency model (an attentional mechanism, which focuses on the worthiest part in the image). In this paper, a bottom up saliency detection model is proposed by taking into account the color and luminance frequency features of RGB, CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ color space of the image. We employ low-level features of image and apply band pass filter to estimate and highlight salient region. We compute the likelihood probability by applying Bayesian framework at pixels. Experiments on two publically available datasets (MSRA and SED2) show that our saliency model performs better as compared to the ten state of the art algorithms by achieving higher precision, better recall and F-Measure.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.185-205
• /
• 2002

Within the framework of Generalized Sympathy (GS) (Jun 1999), this paper investigates the reasons why phonological rules such as Cluster Simplification, Closed Syllable ${\ae}$-Tensing, and Belfast Dentalization overapply or underapply in Class 2 affixed words in English. According to GS, a morphologically independent word can be treated as a derived word in that it is assumed to have any possible outputs as bases to resemble. As a result, a correspondence relation is triggered between a morphologically independent word being represented as Derived (D) and any possible outputs represented as Base (B), i.e., BD-Faith. In analyses of affixed words, BA-Faith is evoked, instead of BD-Faith. Furthermore, as Benua (1997) suggests, BA-Faith is classified into two correspondence relations; $BA_1$-Faith between Base and Class 1 affixed words, and $BA_2$-Faith between Base and Class 2 affixed words. When the $BA_1$-Faith takes precedence over phonological constraints three rules misapply in Class 2 affixed words. In other words, the misapplications are driven by base-identity effects.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.10
• /
• pp.457-475
• /
• 2021

As Korean society enters an aged society, there is an increasing situation in which various generations coexist in the workplace. This study aimed to analyze corporate reverse mentoring in light of generational exchange. Through the case study methods using literature research and interviews, we categorized the objectives of starting reverse mentoring programs in domestic and foreign companies, and analyzed the possibility of generational exchange with the cases of company A in the US and B in Korea extracted by purposive sampling. Based on social exchange theory, organizational age theory, and generational solidarity theory, the analysis framework presented three propositions: 1) mutual benefit 2) balanced contribution, and 3) sustainability. As a result of the case analyses, there were three main objectives of introducing reverse mentoring: learning IT/social media, promoting corporate diversity, and understanding new trends in the younger generation. In the case of A company in the US and B company in Korea, there was a similarity in mutual benefit and balanced contribution. However, regarding sustainability, there was room for improvement in company B in Korea unlike company A in the US. We expect that reverse mentoring will provide important criteria for success in terms of generational exchange within organizations where various generations coexist in the future.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.562-568
• /
• 2008

A novel two-dimensional cadmium(II)-nickel(II) bimetallic host clathrate, $[Cd{NH_2CH_2CH_2OH}_2Ni(CN)_4]{\cdot}3C_6H_5NH_2{\cdot}H_2O$, 1, has been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray single crystallographic method. The clathrate 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group $P2_1/c$ with a = 14.370(3), b = 7.728(1), c = 28.172(4) ${\AA}$, ${\beta}=97.58(1)^{\circ}$, V = 3101.1(9) ${\AA}^3$, Z = 4. The host framework of the clathrate 1 is built of the cyanide bridges between octahedral Cd(II) atom and square planar Ni(II) atom. The octahedral Cd atoms ligated by two 2-aminoethanol molecules and four cyanide ligands bridged with square planar Ni atoms. The Ni atoms bridges to four Cd atoms via cyanides is made up of puckered quadrangles of composition $\{CdNi(CN)_2\}_2$, all edges are shared. This cyanide bridges form an infinite two-dimensional host networks stacking along b axis. 2-Aminoethanol ligands bond to Cd atom through N atom as a monodentate ligand in the axial position and four cyanides take an equatorial plane with all in trans-configurations. The aniline guest molecules and water molecules are located in between the host layer sheets, respectively.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.640-658
• /
• 2012

One of the existing terrestrial multi-channel DTV service frameworks, called KoreaView, provides four programs, composed of MPEG-2 based one HD video and H.264/AVC based three SD videos within one single 6MHz frequency bandwidth. However the additional 3 SD videos can not provide enough quality due to its reduced spatial resolution and low target bitrates. In this paper, we propose a framework, which is called a terrestrial multi-channel high quality hybrid DTV service, to overcome such a weakness of KoreaView services. In the proposed framework, the three additional SD videos are encoded based on an H.264/SVC Spatial Base layer, which is compliant with H.264/AVC, and are delivered via broadcasting networks. On the other hand, and the corresponding three additional HD videos are encoded based on an H.264/SVC Spatial Enhancement layer, which are transmitted over broadband networks such as Internet, thus allowing the three additional videos for users with better quality of experience. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework, various experimental results are provided for real video contents being used for DTV services. First, the experimental results show that, when the SD sequences are encoded by the H.264/SVC Spatial Base layer at a target bitrate of 1.5Mbps, the resulting PSNR values are ranged from 34.5dB to 42.9dB, which is a sufficient level of service quality. Also it is noted that 690kbps-8,200kbps are needed for the HD test sequences when they are encoded in the H.264/SVC Spatial Enhancement layer at similar PSNR values for the same HD sequences encoded by MPEG-2 at a target bitrate of 12 Mbps.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.23 no.8
• /
• pp.1106-1109
• /
• 2002

Studies on subtle spacer ligand effects of AgCF3SO3 with 3,3'-Py2X (X = O vs S) have been carried out. The reaction of AgCF3SO3 with 3,3'-Py2O and 3,3'-Py2S produces [Ag(CF3SO3)(3,3'-Py2O)] and [Ag(3,3'-Py2S)] (CF3SO3), respectively. Crystallographic characterization of [Ag(CF3SO3)(3,3'-Py2O)] (monoclinic P1, a =8.405(2) $\AA$, b = 10.714(2) $\AA$, c = 18.031(2) $\AA$, $\alpha=$ 77.36(2), $\beta=107.83(2)^{\circ}$, $\gamma=$ 66.92(2), V = 1438.0(5) $\AA3$ , Z =2,R = 0.0486) reveals that the skeletal structure is an anion-bridged double-strand. The double-strands are packed like a plywood. The framework of [Ag(3,3'-Py2S)](CF3SO3) (orthorhombic Pcab, a = 17.330(2) $\AA$, b = 8.640(1) $\AA$, c = 19.933(6) $\AA$, V = 2985(1) $\AA3$ , Z =8, R = 0.0437) is a sinusoidal single-strand. The formation of each coordination polymer appears to be primarily associated with the donating ability and the confor ma-tional energy barrier of the spacer ligands. Thermal analyses indicate that [Ag(CF3SO3)(3,3'-Py2O)] and [Ag(3,3'-Py2S)](CF3SO3) are stable up to 250 $^{\circ}C$ and 210 $^{\circ}C$, respectively. For the anion exchangeability, the nature of the spacer ligand is more significant factor than the distance of silver(Ⅰ)···triflate.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.23 no.12
• /
• pp.1744-1748
• /
• 2002

Trifluoroacetate anion as a connector has been studied on $AgCF_3CO_2$ with 3,3'-$Py_2X$(X=O vs S) produces 1 : 1 adducts of [Ag($CF_3CO_2$)(3,3'-$Py_2X<$)]. Crystallographic characterization of [Ag($CF_3CO_2$)(3,3'-$Py_2X$)](monoclinic $P2_1$a=7.383(1)$\AA$b=19.801(3)$\AA$c=9.297(3)$\AA$,$\beta$=$100.26(2)^{\circ}$,V=1337.4(5) $\AA^3$, Z=2, R=0.0386) reveals that the 3,3'-$Py_2O$ spacer connects two silver ions to give a single strand and that the single strands are linked via the trifluoroacetate anions in an "up and down even-bridge" to give an elegant molecular grid. The framework of [$Ag(CF_3CO_2)(3,3'-Py_2X)$](monoclinic $P2_1/c$a=8.331(2)$\AA$b=14.010(2)$\AA$,c=11.926(3 $\AA$$\beta$=$93.70(2)^{\circ}$=1385.1(6)$\AA^3$, Z=4, R=0.0589) is a single-strand. The single strands are connected via the trifluoroacetate anions in a double-bridge, resulting in a typical molecular chicken-wire. The trifluoroacetate anion as a connector appears to be primarily associated with its moderately coordinating ability. Their structural features have been discussed based on the anion exchangeability. Thermal analyses indicate that the compounds are stable up to approximately $200^{\circ}C$.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.2B
• /
• pp.130-142
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we propose a self-adaptation framework that selects a TCP variant adapted to current end-to-end path among available TCP variants. There is no single version of TCP that is suitable to all network environments since the causes for performance degradation are different one another according to characteristics of network environments. Thus, determining that which TCP variants should be selected in order to get best performance is very important. To enable adaptation through such determination, we integrate the existing network estimation schemes and some TCP variants into our framework then make light-weight performance knowledge database for TCP selection. Through implementing and evaluating the proposed framework we show that our solution can help TCP get high and stable performance on the various types of network environments by pure end-to-end.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.51-73
• /
• 2012

Social network services based on openness, connectedness, and mass participation are reshaping many aspects of how companies conduct business and create value for their customers. For instance, Facebook and Twitter are expected to play a pivotal role as a new communication channel through which companies-forge close relationships with their customers for co-creation of value for mutual benefits. Given the potential of social network services, it is not surprising that many companies have strategically invested in social network services to reach out to customers. Despite the growing interest in social network services as a platform to connect companies and their customers, few guidelines exist about how managers can effectively utilize social network services in forging relationships with their customers. As such, scholars should pay greater attention to how firms can successfully develop relationships with their customers on social network services. In particular, this study employs the S-O-R (stimulus-organism-response) framework as a theoretical lens to develop a research model that explains customers' participation in the value co-creation platform that companies opened on Twitter. According to the S-O-R framework, certain types of individuals' behaviors can be best understood based on a causal link from environmental stimulus to organism, and response. We apply the S-O-R framework to understand how ubiquitous connectivity (stimuli) can influence customers' experience (organism) with companies on Twitter, which in turn influence their participation behavior (response). Two steps have been undertaken to empirically test the research model. First, we conducted a content analysis of tweets written by customers who follow companies on Twitter. As a result, we found event/promotion participation, company support, and giving feedback as three specific types of customer participation behavior. Second, we conducted a web-based survey to test research hypotheses in the research model. Participations in the survey were solicited to customers who followed companies on Twitter. As a result, a total of 115 respondents have completed the survey. Data were analyzed using the partial least square (PLS) technique. The results of data analysis suggest that ubiquitous connectivity (stimuli) had strong positive effects on perceive usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perceived intimacy (organism). Perceived intimacy showed positive effects on customer participation behavior (response), such as event participation, company support, and giving feedback. Perceived enjoyment was found to have strong positive effects on company support and giving feedback. On the other hand, perceived usefulness did not have significant impacts on the three types of customer participation behavior.