• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.358-360
• /
• 1997

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed size is a important yield component and is a primary consideration in the development of cultivars for specialty markets. Our objective was to examine the consistency of QTLs for seed size across generations. A 68-plant F$_{2} segregation population derived from a mating between Marcury (small seed) and PI 467.468 (large seed) was evaluated with RAPD markers. In the F$_{2} plant generation (i.e. F$_{3} seed), three markers, OPL09a, OPM)7a, and OPAC12 were significantly (P<0.01) associated with seed size QTLs. In the F$_{2} ; F$_{3} generation (i.e., F$_{4} seed), four markers, OPA092, OPG19, OPL09b, and OPP11 were significantly (P<0.01) associated with seed size QTLs. Just two markers, OPL09a, and OPL09b were significantly (P<0.05) associated with seed size QTLs in both generations. The consistency of QTLs across generations indicates that marker-assisted selection for seed size is possible in a soybean breeding program.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.173-181
• /
• 2015

In this study, material tests were performed on the masonry specimens constructed with bricks and mortar used in Korea. The specimens included two types of thickness(0.5B and 1.0B) and physical conditions (good and poor). It was shown that 1.0B specimens have 3.2~1.8 times larger shear strength than 0.5B specimens and shear strength of specimens in poor condition was 66%~38% of those in good condition. Average shear stress of masonry-infills was calculated from previous experimental studies, and relationships with failure mode, material strength of masonry, aspect ratio, and frame-to-infill strength ratio were investigated. In addition, the effects of masonry strength on the seismic performance of a masonry-infilled frame was studied using a simple example building. It can be seen that the obtained average shear stress were considerably higher than the default masonry shear strength recommended by the ASCE 41, and low values the strength of masonry does not guarantee conservative evaluation results due to the early shear failure of frame members.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.7
• /
• pp.1187-1192
• /
• 2008

This paper proposes a fast motion estimation using an adaptive search region and a new three step search. The proposed method improved in the quality of motion compensation image as $0.43dB{\sim}2.19dB$, according as it predict motion of current block from motion vector of neigher blocks, and adaptively set up search region using predicted motion information. We show that the proposed method applied a new three step search pattern is able to fast motion estimation, according as it reduce computational complexity per blocks as $1.3%{\sim}1.9%$ than conventional method.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.175-180
• /
• 2019

The optical characteristics and power transfers between guiding channels of blazed grating-assisted directional coupler (B-GADC) are evaluated in detail by using novel and rigorous modal transmission-line theory (MTLT) based on eigenvalue problem. To evaluate the coupling efficiency of B-GADC, the dispersion curves as a function of the grating period and wavelength are analyzed numerically for quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes. Furthermore, symmetric, sawtooth and asymmetric grating profiles are considered to know the effect of blazing characteristics on power transfer of GADC. The numerical results show that the grating period for minimum-gap condition to obtain maximum power transfer decreases gradually as the blazed structure changes from symmetric to asymmetric profile. On the other hand, the coupling length increases reversely.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.213-217
• /
• 1997

Magnesium reduction of Mo(N-C6H3-2,6-i-Pr2)2Cl2(DME) in the presence of trimethylphosphine led to a mixture of Mo(N-C6H3-2,6-i-Pr2)(PMe3)2Cl3, 1, and Mo2(PMe3)4Cl4, 2. In solution 1 is slowly air-oxidized to Mo(N-2,6-i-Pr2-C6H3)(OPMe3)(PMe3)Cl3, 3. 1 is chemically inert to carbon nucleophiles (ZnMe2, ZnEt2, AlMe3, AlEt3, LiCp, NaCp, TlCp, NaCp*, MeMgBr, EtMgBr), oxygen nucleophiles (LiOEt, LiO-i-Pr, LiOPh, LiOSPh), and hydrides (LiBEt3H, LiBEt3D). Crystal data for 1: orthorhombic space group P212121, a=11.312(3) Å, b=11.908(3) Å, c=19.381(6) Å, Z=4, R(wR2)=0.0463 (0.1067). Crystal data for 2: monoclinic space group Cc, a=18.384(3) Å, b=9.181(2) Å, c=19.118(3) Å, b=124.98(1)°, Z=4, R(wR2)=0.0228 (0.0568). Crystal data for 3: orthorhombic space group P212121, a=11.464(1) Å, b=14.081(2) Å, c=16.614(3) Å, Z=4, R(wR2)=0.0394 (0.0923).

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.27 no.8
• /
• pp.857-863
• /
• 2017

The FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (FosB) gene is located at chromosome 19, and encodes 43 Kda protein. Functionally, the FosB gene is important for differentiation, development, and pathogenesis. Furthermore, the FosB gene is suggested as possible biomarker for tracing disease prognosis. In this study, we constructed plasmid containing a FosB promoter region and evaluate its promoter activity. We analyzed the putative promoter region in FosB genomic DNA using bioinformatics program, and we found important regulatory elements in 1 Kb upstream from transcription start site (TSS). Therefore, we performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification on region from-1,555 upstream to +73 of the FosB genomic DNA, and PCR product was inserted into TA vector to create the $TA-1^{st}FosBp$ plasmid. We then prepared the primer sets, which contain a restriction enzyme site for Kpn1 and Nhe1, in order to reinsert into the TA vector to prepare $TA-2^{nd}FosBp$ plasmid. It was finally subcloned into pGL3-luc vector after enzyme cutting. To evaluate whether the cloned plasmid is useful in cell based experiment, we performed luciferase assay with pGL3-FosBp-luctransfection. FosB promoter activity was increased compared to empty vector, and this activity was significantly increased by treatment of doxorubicin and taxol. We obtained consistent data on regulation of FosB gene expression after anticancer drug treatment using Western blot analysis. The results suggest that promoter cloning of the human FosB gene is very useful for studying gene expression and analyzing biomarkers.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.281-289
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge, preventive health behavior of the COVID-19 among nursing students. Data were collected from 190 nursing female students in B city and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS/WIN 22.0. The degree of knowledge about COVID-19 in nursing female students was 9.18±1.95. The degree of preventive health behaviors on COVID-19 in nursing female students was 3.62±0.30. There were significant differences in knowledge about COVID-19 with respect to age(F=5.981, p=.001), grade(r=6.376, p<.001), college life satisfaction(F=3.632, p=.007). There were significant differences in preventive health behavior of the COVID-19 with respect to age(F=4.018, p=.008), grade(F=2.719, p=.046), health state(F=3.845, p=.005) college life satisfaction(F=3.875, p=.005), clinical experience satisfaction/expectation(F=4.337, p=.002), necessity COVID 19(t=2.801, p=.006). Through this research can be used as basic data by COVID 19 infection control education of nursing students.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.405-410
• /
• 2004

Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris DLAB19 were investigated under various culture conditions to maximize the production of antimutagenic substance(s) against aflatoxin Bl(AFBl) on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium TAI00 and TA98. The MRS medium containing glucose(2$\%$) as a carbon source and yeast extract(1 $\%$) as a nitrogen source resulted in the highest production of the antimutagenic substance(s) against aflatoxin Bl(AFBl) in the culture supernatant of Leu. mesenteroides subsp. cremoris DLAB19. Optimal pH of the medium, culture temperature and shaking speed for the antimutagenic substance(s) production were pH 7.0, 30$^{\circ}C$ and 150 rpm, respectively. Under the optimal condition, the antimutagenic effects of Leu. mesenteroides subsp. cremoris DLAB19 culture supernatant were 87.11 $\%$ on S. enterica serovar Typhimurium TA100 and 75.04 S. enterica serovar Typhimurium TA98.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.19 no.12
• /
• pp.1323-1334
• /
• 2010

The effect of nitric oxide (NO) on antioxidant system and protective mechanism against oxidative stress under UV-B radiation was investigated in leaves of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings during 3 days growth period. UV-B irradiation caused a decrease of leaf biomass including leaf length, width and weight during growth. Application of NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), significantly alleviated UV-B stress induced growth suppression. NO donor permitted the survival of more green leaf tissue preventing chlorophyll content reduction and of higher quantum yield for photosystem II than in non-treated controls under UV-B stress, suggesting that NO has protective effect on chloroplast membrane in maize leaves. Flavonoids and anthocyanin, UV-B absorbing compounds, were significantly accumulated in the maize leaves upon UV-B exposure. Moreover, the increase of these compounds was intensified in the NO treated seedlings. UV-B treatment resulted in lipid peroxidation and induced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) in maize leaves, while NO donor prevented UV-B induced increase in the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and $H_2O_2$. These results demonstrate that NO serves as antioxidant agent able to scavenge $H_2O_2$ to protect plant cells from oxidative damage. The activities of two antioxidant enzymes that scavenge reactive oxygen species, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in maize leaves in the presence of NO donor under UV-B stress were higher than those under UV-B stress alone. Application of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3- oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scavenger, to the maize leaves arrested NO donor mediated protective effect on leaf growth, photosynthetic pigment and free radical scavenging activity. However, PTIO had little effect on maize leaves under UV-B stress compared with that of UV-B stress alone. $N^{\omega}$-nitro-L-arginine (LNNA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), significantly increased $H_2O_2$ and MDA accumulation and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities in maize leaves under UV-B stress. This demonstrates that NOS inhibitor LNNA has opposite effects on oxidative resistance. From these results it is suggested that NO might act as a signal in activating active oxygen scavenging system that protects plants from oxidative stress induced by UV-B radiation and thus confer UV-B tolerance.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.253-261
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the aflatoxin $B_1$ binding of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Korean traditional soybean paste and to evaluate the effect of incubation conditions and physico-chemical factors on the binding ability of LAB to this mutagen. The amount of aflatoxin $B_1$ bound by Enterococcus faecium DJ22, Lactobacillus fermentum DJ35, Lactobacillus rhamnosus DJ42, and Lactobacillus pentosus DJ47 was strain specific with the percent bound ranging from 19.3% to 52.1%. However, Enterococcus faecalis DJ14, Lactobacillus panis DJ29, and Pediococcus halophilus DJ50 strains did not exhibit any of the binding ability to aflatoxin $B_1$. For most strains, the binding ability was significantly affected by the environmental conditions such as the aflatoxin $B_1$ level, incubation time and temperature, and the initial cell count of LAB. The stability of the aflatoxin $B_1$-bacteria complexes was significantly more unstable after washing. In addition, the binding stability between viable and nonviable cells was not statistically significant. Treatment with heating, acidic pH, ${\alpha}$-amylase, protease, lysozyme, or sodium metaperiodate caused a significant (P<0.05) decrease in aflatoxin $B_1$ binding for the tested strains, suggesting that carbohydrates or proteins in the cell walls may be involved in aflatoxin $B_1$ binding ability. Since the aflatoxin $B_1$ binding of LAB was significantly reduced (P<0.05) by the pretreatment of the urea, the binding force observed in this study may have resulted from hydrophobic interaction.