• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.65-78
• /
• 2017

In this study, stable carbon isotopic analysis (22 specimens) and magnetic susceptibility analysis (23 specimens) were conducted out on the specimens collected from two points (trench DT1, DT2) in the floodplain of Jemincheon(hereinafter the Jemin plain) to reconstruct the Holocene Environments (Period I, Period II, Period III) of the Jemin plain in Gongju, Chungnam. The results were as follows: In Period I (approximately 7,480~4,940 yrs B.P.) and especially around 7,480~7,320 yrs B.P., it was cool-dry and there were two minor climate fluctuations. This period received a continuous flow of sediments, rather than massive amounts of sediments due to abrupt flooding, and therefore, there was almost no soilization process. Period II(approximately 4,940~2,600 yrs B.P.) was also relatively cool-dry. However, in Period II b, unlike I, the minor climate fluctuations were less pronounced. In this period, flooding and desiccation repeated, inducing soilization processes especially around 3,160 yrs B.P. In Stage III (~360 yrs B.P.), it was warm and humid compared to II b. However, in III a, there was no inflow of sediments due to irregular flooding, and in fact, soilization process was more manifested than during II b due to the impact of the desiccation environment. However, there were some mass movements from Bonghwang Mt. (a.s.l. 147m) caused by heavy rains and typhoon during III b (approximately 360 yrs B.P.), thus moving a large amount of debris (i.e. gravel), which resulted in sedimentation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.637-642
• /
• 2021

In this study, we investigated whether eriodictyol exerts an effect on the production and gene expression of MUC5AC mucin in human pulmonary epithelial NCI-H292 cells. The cells were pretreated with eriodictyol for 30 min and then stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 h. The effect of eriodictyol on PMA-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway was also investigated. Eriodictyol suppressed the MUC5AC mucin production and gene expression induced by PMA via suppression of inhibitory kappa Bα degradation and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. These results suggest that eriodictyol inhibits mucin gene expression and production in human airway epithelial cells via regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.473-478
• /
• 2022

In this study, we examined whether engeletin exerts an effect on the gene expression of MUC5AC mucin, in human pulmonary epithelial NCI-H292 cells. The cells were pretreated with engeletin for 30 min and stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), for the following 24 h. The effect of engeletin on PMA-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway was also investigated. Engeletin suppressed the mRNA expression and production of MUC5AC mucin, induced by PMA through the inhibition of degradation of inhibitory kappa Bα (IkBα) and NF-kB p65 nuclear translocation. These results suggest engeletin inhibits the gene expression of mucin through regulation of NF-kB signaling pathway, in human airway epithelial cells.

• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
• /
• 1997.07a
• /
• pp.65-65
• /
• 1997

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2007

Objectives : Atopic dermatitis is a recurrent or chronic eczematous skin disease with severe pruritus. Although the pathogenic mechanisms of atopic dermatitis are yet unknown, recently hyperresponsive Th2 cells in the acute phase are reported as the important mechanisms. Cheonggisan(CGS) is used in oriental clinics for curing acute skin lesions of eczema, atopic dermatitis or urticaria. There have been no studies on the therapeutic mechanism of CGS for curing atopic dermatitis. We aimed to find out the therapeutic mechanism of CGS on atopic dermatitis, so we observed Th2 cell differentiation in EL 4 cells and $NF-kB$ p65 activation in RAW 264.7 cells. Materials and Methods : EL 4 cells were induced the increase of IL-4 mRNA expression by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate(PMA) and 4-tert-Octylphenol(OP) and treated with CGS extract. RAW 264.7 cells were induced the increase of cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 mRNA expression by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and treated with CGS extract. Results : The PMA and OP induced IL-4 mRNA expression was dose-dependantly decreased in CGS treated EL 4 cells. The LPS-induced COX-2 mRNA expression was dose-dependantly decreased in CGS treated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion : The results may suggest that the CGS inhibits Th2 cell differentiation in EL 4 cells and inhibits $NF-kB$ p65 activation in RAW 264.7 cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.95.1-95
• /
• 2003

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae) has a wide array of pharmacologic effects. Our previous studies have demonstrated that [6]-gingerol, a major pungent ingredient of ginger, inhibits mouse skin tumor promotion and anchorage-independent growth of cultured mouse epidermal cells stimulated with epidermal growth factor. In this study, we have investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying chemopreventive effects of [6]-gingerol on mouse skin carcinogenesis. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key enzyme in the formation of prostaglandins, has been recognized as a molecular target of many chemopreventive as well as anti-inflammatory agents. The murine COX-2 promoter contains several transcriptional elements, particularly those involved in regulating inflammatory processes. One of the essential transcription factors responsible for COX-2 induction is NF-kappa B. Topical application of [6]-gingerol inhibited the COX-2 expression through suppression of NF-kappa B activation in phorbol ester-treated mouse skin. [6]-Gingerol, through down-regulation of p38 MAPK, abrogated the DNA binding activity of NF-kappa B by blocking phosphorylation of p65/RelA at the Ser 536 residue. These findings suggest that [6]-gingerol exerts an anti-tumor promotional activity through inhibition of the p38 MAPK-NF-kappa B siganling cascade in mouse skin.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.926-929
• /
• 2020

This study aimed to determine the immune-stimulating effects of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum Ln1 (HK-Ln1) through the production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokine achieved by inducing NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-signaling pathways in macrophages. HK-Ln1 showed higher NO and cytokine production compared to control (nonstimulated lipopolysaccharide); in addition, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was induced through HK-Ln1treatment. The phosphorylation of IκB-α and p65 increased following treatment by HK-Ln1, which implicates IκB-α degradation and the translocation of p65 to nucleus. In addition, the phosphorylation of MAPKs, ERK 1/2, JNK, and p38 was induced following HK-Ln1 treatment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.428-435
• /
• 2020

In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect against cell growth and potential molecular mechanism of 100% ethanol extracts of branch from Sageretia thea in human colorectal cancer cells, HCT116. Ethanol dose-dependently extracts of STB significantly suppressed the growth of HCT116 cells through apoptosis. STB activated NF-κB signaling pathway through IκB-α proteasomal degradation and inducing p65 accumulation in nucleus. The inhibition of GSK3β by LiCl didn't affect STB mediated degradation IκB-α but STB mediated p65 accumulation in nucleus. In addition, STB phosphorylated GSK3β. Based on these findings, STB may be a potential candidate for the development of anti-cancer agents for human colorectal cancer.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.75 no.5
• /
• pp.205-209
• /
• 2013

Background: We investigated whether prunetin significantly affects tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$)-induced MUC5AC mucin gene expression, production, inhibitory kappa B ($I{\kappa}B$) degradation and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) p65 translocation in human airway epithelial cells. Methods: Confluent NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with prunetin for 30 minutes and then stimulated with TNF-${\alpha}$ for 24 hours or the indicated periods. MUC5AC mucin gene expression and mucin protein production were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The effect of prunetin on TNF-${\alpha}$-induced degradation of $I{\kappa}B$ and translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ p65 was investigated by western blot analysis. Results: We found that incubation of NCI-H292 cells with prunetin significantly inhibited mucin production and down-regulated the MUC5AC gene expression induced by TNF-${\alpha}$. Prunetin inhibited TNF-${\alpha}$-induced degradation of $I{\kappa}B$ and translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ p65. Conclusion: This result suggests that prunetin inhibits the NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway, which may explain its role in the inhibition of MUC5AC mucin gene expression and production regulated by the NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to find an optimized imaging technique and evaluate its usefulness by comparing and analyzing the difference in contrast enhancement of lower extremity artery according to the patient's heart rate during lower extremity Computed Tomography Angiography examination. From January 2022 to August 22nd, 139 outpatients who visited Ajou University Hospital and underwent lower extremity angio CT examination were targeted. According to the heart rate, the groups were divided into four groups: A(HR ≤65), B(65 < HR < 80), C(80≤ HR). In addition, among patients with a heart rate of 65 or less, the heart rate was considered, and the scan was divided into D, E, F group with a delay time. The time of arrival of contrast medium and the average value of contrast enhancement were compared and analyzed. As a result of quantitative evaluation, B and C groups with a heart rate of more than 65 times had better HU values in the popliteal artery than A group (HR ≤ 65), and D group showed better HU improvement effects compared to A group (p<0.001). The comparative analysis with other groups was insignificant. The difference in heart rate affected the angiographic intensity of the lower extremities artery. Therefore, it is effective to apply the appropriate test timing for each patient by using the heart rate during the lower extremity angio CT Scan.