• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.217-222
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• 2002

Barley varieties collected from 1940 to 1951 allover the Korean peninsula by Dr. Takahashi Ryuhei were reintroduced from the Research Institute for Bioresouces in Okayama University, Japan, and the evaluation of morphological characteristics and RAPD analysis were performed. Totally, 493 varieties of Korean barley landraces were planted in the green house, from which seeds of 491 varieties were harvested and conserved in the seedbank of the Rural Development Administration. Majority of the naked barley varieties showed dense spikes with long awn, late heading, winter habits, and long plant height. However, variants having various phenotypes such as short awn, blue aleurone color, brachytic type and waxyness were also identified. Plant height, spike length, and cold-tolerance in the varieties were also highly variable among them. Homogeneity tests on the variation of growth habits, spike density, anthocyanin pigmentation on the seed coat, and hairiness on leaf sheath between naked and covered barley showed that the variations of naked barley were similar to those of covered barley. It maybe indicate that the most of naked barley landraces were mutated from the covered barley landraces. Korean landraces of naked barley were broadly divided into 4 groups by the dendrogram produced by morphological characteristics; however, the identities of the group were rather indistinct. Many varieties, belonged to the same group, were showed different band patterns in RAPD analysis using 5 different primer sets. These results indicate that the 112 varieties of naked barley landraces were different genotypes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.18-23
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• 1975

The dc conductivity, ac conductivity and switching effect of As.Te-Si.Ge have beon investigated. The dc conductivity ranged from $3{\times}10^{-7}{\Omega}^{-1}cm^{-1}$ to $1.5{\times}10^{-8}{\Omega}^{-1}cm^{-1}$ at room temperature and was found to be expressed by ${\sigma}$ = ${\sigma}_0$exp(-${\Delta}$E/kT) below the phase transition temperature Tg. The ac conductivity was much higher than dc conductivity and this result is consistent to experimental formula ${\sigma}$(w)=${\sigma}_0+Aw^n$. In the temperature range of 298$^{\circ}K$ ~ $473^{\circ}K$ the ac conductivity was independent of temperature at 200KHs. At lower frequencies the ac conductivity increased strong1y with temperature. Also, it has been found that all samples showed a threshold switching, but not a memory switching.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.343-370
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• 2023

Developing improved wheat varieties is vital for global food security to meet the rising demand for food. Therefore, assessing the genetic diversity across wheat genotypes is crucial. This study examined the diversity of 168 durum wheat and 47 common wheat collections from 54 different countries using twelve agro-morphological parameters. Geumgang, a prominent Korean common wheat variety, was used as a control. Both qualitative and quantitative agronomical characteristics showed wide variations. Most durum wheats were shown to possess dense spikes (90%), while common wheats showed dense (40%) or loose (38%) spikes, with yellowish-white being the dominant spike color. The majority of the accessions were awned regardless of wheat type, yellowish-white being the main awn color. White or red kernels were produced, with white kernels dominating in both common (74%) and durum (79%) wheats. Days to heading (DH) and days to maturity (DM) were in the ranges of 166-215 and 208-250 days, respectively, while the culm length (CL), spike length (SL), and awn length (AL) were in the ranges of 53.67-163, 5.33-18.67, and 0.50-19.00 cm, respectively. Durum wheats possessed the shortest average DH, DM, and SL, while common wheat had the longest CL and AL (p < 0.05). Common wheats also exhibited the highest average one-thousand-kernel weight. Hierarchical cluster analysis, aided by principal component analysis, grouped the population into seven clusters with significant differences in their quantitative variables (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this research revealed diversity among common and durum wheat genotypes. Notably, 26 durum wheat and 17 common wheat accessions outperformed the control, offering the potential for developing early-maturing, high-yielding, and lodging-resistant wheat varieties.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.471-474
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to investigate the response of rice growth and grain yield to night illumination. Three cultivars Heugjubyeo (early maturing), Hwaseongbyeo (medium maturing), and Ilpumbyeo(mid-late maturing) were tested under different light intensities ranging 1.0 to 20.0 lux (0.3 to 5.6 $1\mu\textrm{W}$ $cm^{-2}$). Awn length of all cultivars became longer as night illumination intensity increased; 4.09 cm under 10-20 lux compared to 1.93cm under 2 lux in Hwaseongbyeo. However culm and spike length ere not affected by night illumination. Night illumination delayed flowering by 3 days in Heugjinjubyeo, 5 days in Hwaseongbyeo, and 9 days in Ilpumbyeo at 10-20 lux compared to that at 2 lux. Grain yield was reduced by 10.0% in Heugjinjubyeo, 17.7% in Hwaseongbyeo, and 20.7% in Ilpumbyeo at 10-20 lux compared to 2 lux condition.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.181-184
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of barley yellow mosaic virus(BaYMV) on agronomic characters in naked barley. A naked barley cultivar, Beagdong was evaluated for disease systems at naturally infected field, National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station. SPAD value of the infected plants by BaYMV was low as compared to healthy plants. Heading time was delayed by 10-11 days. Dry matter weight per plant, culm length, and number of spike per plant were reduced in the infected plants by 75%, 68%, and 49%, respectively. Length of internode was reduced in the first to the sixth internode from the upper part, especially, that in the third to the fifth internode was mostly reduced by 75-80%. Also, length of awn, number of kernels, 1000-kernel weight, and kernel weight per plant of the infected plant were reduced by 17-19%, 47%, 60%, and 78%, respectively. Lightness and redness for kernel color value of Baegdong were low and high, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.5-9
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• 2002

Culm length of Dohoku mutant 1(DM 1) and mutant 2(DM 2) were shorter than Dohuko parent and Heukjinjubyo check, while days to heading were delayed seven to 20 days Panicle length of these were similar to check and number of panicle per plant of DM 2 was highly appeared than check. Spikelets per plant of the selected lines were lower than check, and glume color of these were varied from brown to dark purple and awn length was also varied according to line used. Anthocyanin content of each mutant line as measured by 530nm were lower than that of check in that OD 2.23 and OD 2.26 for DM 1 and DM 2, respectively, and 2.59 for check.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.131-137
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• 1996

The objectives of this research were to determine the effect of sulfur dioxide on the growth and yield reduction of 8 Korean barley cultivars. To achieve these, barley seeds were planted in pots, then those were exposed to 1.0 ppm $SO_2$ for 6 h in a closed-top field chamber at tillering and heading stage. Foliar injury and reduction of culm and awn length were more severe when barley cultivars were exposed to $SO_2$ at tillering stage than those at heading stage. Durubori was most susceptible to $SO_2$ among cultivars tested. However, number of node and length of spike were not affeced by $SO_2$ exposure in ail cultivars. Number of spike, and grains, and weights of 1,000 grains were significantly reduced by $SO_2$ exposure at tillering stage. The reduction rates of yield at tillering stage exposure were 22% and 47% in Dongbori and Durubori, respectively. Dongbori #2 showed the most tolerant to sulfur dioxide among 8 cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.445-452
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• 2011

The object of this experiment was to investigate the food habits of Korean native goats fed with various roughage sources. The experimental trials were conducted at Unbong Animal Genetic Resources Station in 2008. The experimental roughages include five sources and 25 species in all; grasses and legumes: 5 species (mixed grasses, orchardgrass, tall fescue, alfalfa, white clover), native grasses and weeds: 5 species (mixed native grasses, Miscanthus sinensis Anderss, Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka, Barnyard grass, short awn, forage crops and straw: 5 species (barley + hairy vetch, wheat + hairy vetch, rye silage, barley silage, baled rice straw), browse and fallen leaves: 5 species (Mixed browse, Oriental white oak, Quercus serrta Thunb., Oriental cherry fallen leaves, Japanese chestnut fallen leaves), and imported hay and straw: 5 species(timothy hay, tall fescue straw, annual ryegrass straw, klinegrass hay, alfalfa hay). Ten Korean native goats were selected which had nearly the same body weight (average $24{\pm}2.8$ kg). The chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of each roughage source and species were significantly different at the sampling area, plant species, growth stages and cutting period (p<0.05). Among all the 25 species of roughages, the favorite intake species order by Korean native goat was observed like this: Quercus aliena, Querancas serrta Thunb and Mixed browse, which was a lower intake compared to other domestic herbivores. The Korean native goats ate more roughages which had low fibrous contents, but high dry matter digestibility. The Korean native goats ate more roughages which had low fibrous contents, but high dry matter digestibility. On the other hand, compared to each roughage source, total intake amount by Korean native goats was showed as browse and fallen leaves (33.1%) among trials roughage sources. Based on these results, the food habit of Korean native goats seems to be closer to the browser.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.437-444
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• 2011

The object of this experiment was to investigate the food habits of sika deer fed with various roughage sources. The experimental trials were conducted at Unbong Animal Genetic Resources Station in 2008. The experimental roughages include five sources and 25 species in all; grasses and legumes: 5 species (mixed grasses, orchardgrass, tall fescue, alfalfa, white clover), native grasses and weeds: 5 species (mixed native grasses, Miscanthus sinensis Anderss, Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka, barnyard grass, short awn, forage crops (hay, silages and straw): 5 species (barley + hairy vetch, Wheat + hairy vetch, rye silage, barley silage, baled rice straw), browse and fallen leaves: 5 species (mixed browse, oriental white oak, Quercus serrta Thunb., oriental cherry fallen leaves, Japanese chestnut fallen leaves), and imported hays and straws: 5 species (timothy hay, tall fescue straw, annual ryegrass straw, klinegrass hay, alfalfa hay). Five sika deer were used as experimental animals and the averaged body weight was 95+5.4kg. The chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of each roughage source and species were significantly different at the sampling area, plant species, growth stages and cutting period(p<0.05). The sika deer ate more roughages which had low fibrous contents, but high dry matter digestibility. Among all the 25 species of roughages, the favorite intake roughage sources ranking by sika deer was observed like this: browse and fallen leaves (32.2%), grass and legumes (27.0%), native grasses and weeds (22.0%), imported hays (12.9%) and forages crops (5.5%) respectively. Although, the sika deer ate more browse leaves, but ate more roughage which had low fibrous contents (NDF and ADF), but high drymatter digestibility. On the other hand, compared to each roughage source, total intake amount by sika deer was showed as browse and fallen leaves (32.2%). Based on the result, the food habit of sika deer seems to be closer to the typical browser.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.260-260
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• 2017

High temperature is one of major environmental stress. Heat in flowering season of wheat is able to effect negatively to fertilization and also heat effect to maturity. Therefore, Heat stress effects severely to qualities of wheat and yield productivity. In this study, we evaluated to agronomic characteristics and qualities by high temperature in 13 Korean wheat varieties. Weight of 1,000 grains decreased when wheat got the heat stress. In particular, heat stress during the heading dates were more damaged than after the end of heading dates except two varieties Keumkang and Jokyoung. Plant height of each cultivar under high temperature and normal field averaged 80.5 cm and 83.0cm, respectively. The length of spike and awn in each cultivar were similar to both condition. Flour yield and gluten contents of most heat damaged wheat decreased. Under the temperature, protein contents of six varieties like as Keumkang, Baekjoong, Hojoong, Yeonbaek, Joah and Shinmichal 1 decreased but the others increased. The sedimentation values (SDSF) of four varieties decreased under the high temperature. But SDSF of 7 varieties like as Baekjung, Suan, Hojoong, Jojoong, Uri, Shinmichal and Shinmichal 1 was increased. The lightness (L) of wheat flour derived from high temperature treated wheat was darker than non-treated wheat. As a result of this research, we confirmed that agricultural traits and qualities decreased in heat damaged wheat.