• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1049-1059
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• 2010

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the general characteristics of parents to their children's oral health care. The subjects in this study were 117 parents and their children who resided in rural communities in the region of K. Methods : A survey was conducted with the consent of the parents from July 1 to 30, 2010. As for the survey on the children, the children who were in the lower grades were interviewed, and the upper graders filled out the questionnaires in person. A frequency analysis was carried out to find out the general characteristics of the parents and children, and x2-test was utilized to grasp the links between the general characteristics of the parents and the children's oral health care. A SPSS WIN 12.0 program was employed to analyze all the collected data. The findings of the study were as follows: Result : 1. As a result of investigating the relationship of the occupation of the parents to the children's regular dental checkup, the 71.8 percent of the entire children didn't get a dental checkup on a regular basis. The biggest percentage of the children of the self-employed parents(100%) got a regular dental checkup, and 90.9 percent of the children of the government workers did that(p<.05). 2. As a result of checking the relationship of the occupation of the parents to the children's dental-caries experiences, 39.3 percent of the whole children had no such experiences. The largest percentage of the children of the company employees(51.9%) had dental-caries experiences(p<.05). 3. Concerning the links between the academic credential of the parents and the children's toothbrushing method, the biggest percentage of the children(40.2%) brushed their teeth up and down. The largest rate of the children whose parents were high-school graduates(41.5%) brushed their teeth in that way(p<.05). 4. Regarding the links between the toothbrushing time of the parents and the children's view, 43.6 percent found their parents to take good care of their teeth to make them clean. 60 percent whose parents brushed their teeth after having breakfast and dinner took the best view(p<.001). 5. As for the oral-health education experiences of the parents and a time for the children's change of toothbrushes, 29.1 percent changed their toothbrushes every two months, and 29.1 percent did that not on a regular basis but when the bristles of their toothbrushes got bent(p<.05). Conclusions : The above-mentioned findings suggest that in order to promote children's oral health in consideration of the characteristics of their parents, children should be urged to get a regular dental checkup, and the development of oral-health education programs in which parents and children can participate together is urgently required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.398-412
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• 2000

The purposes of this study are : (a) to investigate the attitude to various coffee and tea of women, (b) to analyze the characteristics of each classified group according to eating frequency, and (c) to abstract the factors which can influence the consumption of coffee and tea. Questionnaires were hand delivered to 1,200 women residing in Seoul. A total of 1012 was usable: resulting in 84% response rate. Statistical data analysis was completed using SAS Package program for the one way-analysis of variance(ANOVA), Duncan's multiple comparison test, factor analysis and analysis of covariance (ANOCOVA). (a) Instant coffee was most consumed(22.1 times a month), green tea in tea bag(8.7), Donggulre tea(8.3), Coffee (72) in order of frequency. Among Korean traditional tea Donggulre tea(8.3) and Yuja tea (2.0) were most prefered but still a minute quantity of Korean traditional tea was enjoyed. (b) Coffee and Black tea was regarded unhealthful but habitual, delicious and familiar beverage. Green tea was regarded good for health but not so habitual, practical and familiar. The consumer awareness can be grouped into 3 clases : Healthy factor, Habitual Practical factor, Familiar factor. (c) The sociodemographic characteristics of women influenced the beverage consumption. Women in their 30s and 40s consumed much of instant coffee and coffee. 10s and 20s consumed much of canned coffee. Working women drank much of instant coffee and green tea in tea bag. Women in highest income group$({\geq}\;4,000,000\;won/month)$ consumed much of coffee. (d) The factors which influenced the eating frquency of those beverages were various. The eating frequency of instant coffee was influenced by the age, familiar factor and habitual practical factor. And coffee were influenced by income level, habitual practical factor. The frequency of green tea in tea bag was influenced by habitual practical factor and familiar factor, green tea was influenced by healthy factor and habitual practical factor, Donggulre tea was influenced by habitual practical factor.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.786-793
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• 2015

The purpose of this study to find out factors that affect intention of career discontinuity among dental hygienists. The data was collected from 300 dental hygienists working at dental clinics. The total of 281 copies were used for analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using PASW Statistics 18.0 at the 5% significance level. T-test, ANOVA, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analyses were applied in this analysis. The results were as follows: 1. As for intention of career discontinuity by general characteristics, there were statistically significant difference according to age, duration of employment, children, children age and monthly income (p<0.05). 2. As for intention of career discontinuity by job awareness, there were statistically significant difference according to turnover, work-life, retirement age of dental hygienist, duration of job maintenance and re-employment of dental hygienist (p<0.05). 3. As for hierarchical regression analysis of the factors affecting the intention of career discontinuity, the support from employer had most significant influence on intention of career discontinuity (p<0.05). In order to decrease the career discontinuity among dental hygienists, plans that can increase the work-environment should be implemented by improving support from employer.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.287-294
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• 2015

The aim of the study was to investigate the affecting factors on National Health Insurance coverage dental scaling experience. The self-reported survey for the adults living in Seoul, Gyeonggi province and Incheon had been progressed from February 10, 2014, to February 28, 2014, after receiving informed consents. And the 238 survey results had been analysed as the data of this study. The data analysis such as frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2$-test, and multi-logistic regression (p<0.05) for all collected survey data had been processed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 20.0. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, regular dental check-up (odds ratio [OR], 2.63; confidence interval [CI], 1.05~6.59) and dental scaling experience (OR, 3.06; CI, 1.09~8.54), monthly income (OR, 3.55; CI, 1.01~12.56) were the factors having statistically significant influence. Therefore, in order to increase of National health insurance dental scaling experience, it is necessary to increase awareness of the new dental scaling system through the promotion and oral health education about national health insurance dental scaling, and to emphasize the importance of dental Scaling by regular dental check-up.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2002

Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate the extent to which the professional self concept between the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) and general nurse in psychiatric ward was comparable. The results were expected to provide basic data for developing the construct of professional self concept and making awareness of the importance of the program increasing professional self concept. Method : The subjects of this study were 227 PMHNP and 436 general nurse in psychiatric ward. The instruments used for this study were PSCNI by Arthur (1990), PSI by Heppner and Peterson(1982) and the index of work satisfaction by Slavitt et al.(1978). With the aid of the SAS, t-test. two-way ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression were conducted. Result : 1. The average item score of PSCNI of PMHNP was $2.82\pm0.27$. and that of general nurse was $2.66\pm0.27$. Statistically significant difference between two groups was found(p=0.0000) 2. There was statistically significant difference between two groups in the score of professional practice(p=0.0000), satisfaction(p=0.0024), leadersbip(p=0.0000) , flexibility(p=0.0000) and skill (p=0.0000). 3. Statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed in terms of age(p=0.0003), marital status(p=0.0001). education(p=0.0005), religion(p=-.0144), motive (P=-.0001), length of service as a nurse(p=0.0121), the length of service in psychiatric unit(p=0.0143). However there were no significant interaction effect with group and age, marital state. education, religion, motive, length of service as a nurse, length of service in psychiatric unit. 4. Job satisfaction (JS) and problem solving inventory score(PS) were found to be the highest factor predicting the professional self concept between the PMHNP and general nurse. JS and PS accounted for $43.4\%$ in the professional self concept of PMHNP, whereas PS, JS, age and religion accounted for $53\%$ in the professional self concept of general nurse in psychiatric ward. In conclusion, this study suggested that we need to develop programs and polices to increase the professional self concept of nurse, particularly of psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.62-71
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to find the differences in physical activity according to general characteristics and factors related to physical activity between the elderly over 65 with hypertension living rural and urban areas. Methods: This study included 681 participants (221 rural, 460 urban) with hypertension from The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V). The collected data were analyzed through an $x^2$-test to examine the differences in physical activity and multiple logistic regression to assess factors related to physical activity between the elderly over 65 with hypertension living rural and urban areas. Results: The significant statistical factors related with physical activities for the urban hypertension group were education level, activities of daily living, and quality of life. However, the related factors for rural residents were activities of daily living and limitation of activity. Conclusions: The study results indicated that the factors that affected the level of physical activity revealed difference in case hypertension between the urban and rural groups. An awareness of the importance of physical activity will have a positive influence on improving the physical function and quality of life for elderly people with hypertension.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.59-71
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of empathy in relation to contact experience of the elderly and their knowledge level of ageing. For this study data was collected from 20th Dec. to 30th of Dec. 2018 355 university students from D university in J. province were surveyed. Data was analysis by using reliability test, correlation analysis, hierarchical multiful regression analysis. The statistical significance of the mediating effects was confirmed by Sobel's verification. The results of the analysis showed that the partial mediation effect of empathy was verified with regard to the relationship between elderly contact experience and discrimination of elderly people. In addition, the partial mediation effect of empathy was verified between level of aging knowledge and the perception of elderly discrimination. The results of this study confirmed the necessity of developing practical education and training programs to improve the level of aging knowledge and to increase contact experience with elderly people. There is also a need to enhance empathy in order to improve the awareness of discrimination against elderly people in health and welfare departments among university students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.376-382
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• 2010

It has been shown that BF-7 enhances short- and long-term memory and attention in normal person. BF-7 was addressed to clinical study for children if BF-7 is also effective to children, since accumulated verification of safety and effectiveness is needed for young ages, in special. We administered BF-7 and a placebo control to two different groups of children (7-12 years old, 9.78 on averages). Their memory enhancement was tested with Rey-Kim Memory Test for Children before and after the administration of BF-7 and a placebo, in a double blinded way. The results showed that long- and short-term memories were significantly improved by the administration of BF-7. Interestingly, the degree of memory preservation, the ability of memory application and awareness of complex thing were also significantly improved. These results indicate that BF-7 is a promising substance from natural resource improving learning and memory of children as well as cognitive function of adults

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.64-72
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• 2007

This study investigated the types, forms, and origination of litter found along one hiking course in Moaksan Provincial Park, 'Jungin-ri Course'(entrance-ridge-valley-peak). In addition, a survey was conducted to understand hikers' litter control awareness in order to determine possible backcountry litter control measures. The following are the results of this study: 1. For the litter Sequency investigation, 199 recyclable pieces of litter were found on the mid-slope(61.6%), 89 by the entrance(27.6%), 19 in the valley(5.9%) and 16 on the peak(4.9%). A total of 323 pieces of litter were found. Paper materials were the most common, followed by plastic containers such as PET bottles and yogurt containers. Of particular interest, 288 papers and cans were found on the mid-slope(46.9%). By the entrance, more plastics and bottles were found. 2. There were 614 pieces of flammable litter collected and only 19 pieces of non-flammable. Most of the flammable litter, including snack pacts, plastic bags, processed lumber, cigarette butts, tissues, cigarette boxes, and fabric was found on the mid-slope. 3. Very little food waste was found throughout the whole site proving that the policy prohibiting hikers from cooking and eating at the designated sites has been effective. However, food waste is difficult to find because it naturally decays with time. 4. $X^2$-test was used to find different types of litter and their verified origination frequency. It was found that recyclable litter, and food waste took about 1%. In addition, recyclable litter, especially bottles, was found relatively frequently by the entrance. Flammable litter was found most often at the peak. 5. The questionnaire results showed that 48.2% of the respondents "shorten their hiking journey and purchase food outside the entrance" and 29.6% said that they "bring a packed meal from home". Only 8.2% said that they "cook something when an appropriate location is found". At the Jungin-ri course, a few hikers brought their own food to eat or cook, but most hikers purchased something to eat onsite. 6. The results of the question about having experience littering while hiking showed that 19.3% litter and 79.2% do not. Those that responded "yes" gave various reasons for littering. 63.6% claimed, "there are no designated trash containers". 15.9% said they litter subconsciously. Finally, 3.2% insist that they litter "because food naturally decomposes". 7. As a result of the overall satisfaction according to the Likert scale and the analysis with an average of 14 variables, it was found that the average "toxic litter control convenience" was 2.41 with very low satisfaction. Thus, the results indicate the importance of providing appropriate back country litter control facilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.519-522
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for an alternative method using the clustering algorithm in a system that needs classification to extract individual user context information. In the conventional user classification system, the user has to input his own information. In this paper, we will research and develop a system applying a clustering algorithm which can extract user 's perceived information applying the improved algorithm for user management base. Generally, the algorithm that distinguishes users with the same data makes sure that recorded information matches the newly entered information, and then responds accordingly. However, it is troublesome to manually input information of the new user. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to distinguish users by using the clustering algorithm based on the analyzed data from the working memory in the accumulated system without directly inputting the user information. The study shows that the management method applied to the applied algorithm is more adaptive in environments where the number of people is different from that of the existing system (as a subjective observer test method).