• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2009

The present longitudinal study examined reciprocal influence between self-esteem and academic achievement using cross-lagged autoregressive model. This study employed data(four wave) from Korea Youth Panel Survey. Participants were 300 students(143 boys, 157 girls) who were 4th graders in 2004 and 7th graders in 2007. The results of this study indicated that 4th graders' self-esteem influenced 5th graders' academic achievement, in turn, 5th graders' academic achievement influenced 6th graders' self-esteem. However, students' self-esteem in 6th grade did not influence their academic achievement during 7th grade. Conversely, 6th graders' academic achievement influenced 7th graders' self-esteem.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.161-185
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to verify the causal relationship between depression and aggressiveness among adolescents. The 4-year longitudinal data collected from 2,670 4th grade elementary school students by the Korean Youth Panel study was used in this study. From the analysis result using the Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Model, the depression and aggressiveness in adolescents were continued from elementary school 4th grade to middle school 7th grade in significant stability. In addition, the previous aggressiveness turned out to have significant positive effect on the later period depression. Similarly, the previous depression had significant effect on the later aggressiveness, but the direction was negative. This means that the adolescents's depression increases as their aggressiveness increases, but as the depression increases, the later aggressiveness of the adolescents decreases. There were no differences between girls and boys within the relationship of these two variables. Finally, the implication derived from the results, the limitation of this study, and suggestion for following studies were presented.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.301-312
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine whether a temporal relationship would develop between the overuse/addictive use of mobile phones and depression in adolescents. For this study, we used the 4-year longitudinal data (2004-2007, Study 1, which measured the overuse of mobile phones and depression) and the 2-year longitudinal data (2010-2011, Study 2, which measured the addictive use of mobile phones and depression) of the Korea Youth Panel study. In addition, the study explored gender differences with respect to the above mentioned relationship. Autoregressive cross-lagged modeling was carried out, along with a multiple group analysis across genders. The findings showed that the overuse/addictive use of mobile phones and depression in adolescents had a significant effect on the future selves of these adolescents over time. Moreover, the overuse/addictive use of mobile phones had a significant influence on subsequent depression, rather than vice versa. This means that as the overuse/addictive use of mobile phones by adolescents increases, their depression intensifies later on; however, as depression among adolescents intensifies, the overuse/addictive use of mobile phones by adolescents' does not increase. Further, the study showed there were significant gender differences in the longitudinal relationship between the overuse/addictive use of mobile phones and depression. Study 1 shows that, prior to the release of smartphones, the overuse of mobile phones had a definite effect on the depression of only males. However, Study 2 shows that, after the release of smartphones, the effect of the addictive use of mobile phones on depression in females was greater than that in males.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.55
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• pp.31-58
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• 2017

This study aims to explore the longitudinal reciprocal relationship between family conflict and depression level of household head. Using the Korean Welfare Panel study (KOWEPS) of 2006-2009, the study applied multiple regression analysis and autoregressive cross-lagged model to test the hypothesis. Results of multiple regression analysis indicate that single direction of the impact of family conflict on a head of household's levels of depression and the vise versa were statistically significant. That is, higher level of family conflict in 2006 caused an increased levels of depression of household head in 2009, controlling gender, age and depression level in 2006. Also, the higher level of depression of household head in 2006 increased the level of family conflict in 2009 fixed with same control variables. The autoregressive and cross-lagged coefficients of family conflict and a head of household's levels of depression were statistically significant during the 4 years. The findings support the family system theory, indicating that there are reciprocal causal relationships between the whole family conflict and individual depression level. The strategies of social welfare practice and policy should thus aim to decrease individual's levels of depression and improve positive family function simultaneously to break the vicious circle.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.183-206
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• 2011

This study examined the longitudinal relationship between academic achievement and school satisfaction using a data of the Seoul Panel Study of Children(SPSC). Fully autoregressive cross-lagged analysis and multi-group comparison were performed to measure the longitudinal relationship between two constructs as well as differences between poverty and non-poverty groups. The results showed that both academic achievement and school satisfaction were stable over time in non-poverty group. Academic achievement at the 4th grade significantly affected the school satisfaction at the 6th grade and it subsequently affected on the academic achievement at the 8th grade in non-poverty group. In contrast, academic achievement was not consistent over time in poverty group. Only the school satisfaction at the 6th grade affected the academic achievement at the 8th grade. The findings of this study have various practical implication for school interventions. It is more important to keep supporting the children to maintain the level of academic achievement in non-poverty group. While, in poverty group, it is essential to make school satisfaction and academic motivation increase with school attachment programs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.531-542
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• 2021

This study was undertaken for identifying ways to positively resolve problems associated with perceived overqualification from the perspective of job crafting, which is highlighted as a social issue in the labor market. We hypothesized the mediating role of job crafting in order to uncover the questions regarding when and how perceived overqualification associates with an employee's organizational commitment. Autoregressive cross-lagged models were applied to the longitudinal data gathered from 263 full-time employees across 3 waves over 9 months. Our results demonstrate positive and significant cross-lagged effect of perceived overqualification on job crafting and organizational commitment. However, the cross-lagged effect of job crafting on perceived overqualification was found to be insignificant, but was significant for organizational commitment. There were no other indications of reverse causation effects. Our data indicates that job crafting longitudinally mediates the relation between perceived overqualification and organizational commitment. These findings offer a meaningful implication that employees who perceive themselves to be overqualified should be given an opportunity to craft their own jobs.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the persistent and dynamic association between bullying and victimization. Gender differences in patterns of school bullying was hypothesized based on the literature. Analysis were based on waves 3-6 of the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey, a nationally representative data of primary and secondary school students in South Korea (N = 1,881). Autoregressive cross-lagged model was employed to identify the reciprocal association between bullying and victimization in longitudinal data. As hypothesized, regardless of gender, lagged effects were statistically significant between each time points such that current bullying caused future bullying and current victimization led to future victimization. However, there was no cross-lagged effects of current victimization on future bullying nor current perpetration on future victimization for both male and female youth. Findings from this study may have implications for designing policies against school bulling. Not only is short-term intervention for handling immediate psycho-social maladjustment important, but so are long-term plans that prevent youth from falling into continued perpetration and victimization in the system of school bullying.

• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.89-107
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to verify the causal relationship between self-directed learning ability and career maturity by Middle and High School Students in Seoul. This study used Seoul Education Longitudinal Study(SELS) data. Using autoregressive cross-lagged modeling, the results was followed. first, self-directed learning ability value was had a statistically significant positive effect in accordance with the time course from middle school 1st grade to high school 3rd grade. Second, career maturity also had a statistically significant positive effect in accordance with the time course from middle school 1st grade to high school 3rd grade. Third, previous self-directed learning ability had significant positive effect on the later career maturity, but the previous career maturity had no significant effect on later self-directed learning ability.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.209-218
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to longitudinally analyze the relationship between parenting effectiveness of parents of multicultural families and self-esteem and achievement motivation of multicultural adolescents. The study used the data of Multi-cultural Adolescent Panel Survey (MAPS). Of the six years of data from the 1st survey (elementary grade 4 students) in 2011 to the 6th survey ($3^{rd}$ year middle school students) in 2016, this study employed and analyzed the data from year 2012 ($2^{nd}$ survey, fifth graders), year 2014 ($4^{th}$ survey, 1st year middle school students), and year 2016 ($6^{th}$ survey, $3^{rd}$ year middle school students). The results of applying the Autoregressive Cross-lagged Model to examine the longitudinal relationship between parenting effectiveness of multicultural families and self-esteem and achievement motivation of multicultural adolescents are as follows. First, parenting effectiveness of parents of multicultural families, and self-esteem of multicultural adolescents, and autoregressive effects of achievement motivation were found to have a positive (+) effect with the passage of time. Second, the parenting effectiveness of parents of multicultural families at the previous time was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on the cross-lagged effect on self-esteem and achievement motivation of multicultural adolescents at a later time. Third, the self-esteem of multicultural adolescents at the previous time at the previous time was found to have a significant effect in the positive (+) direction on the cross-lagged effect affecting achievement motivation of multicultural adolescents at a later time. Fourth, it was found that the cross-lagged effect of the parenting effectiveness of parents of multicultural families on achievement motivation of multicultural adolescents was greater than the cross-lagged effect of self-esteem on achievement motivation of multicultural adolescents. This study is meaningful in that the longitudinal data are used to verify the causal orientation between three variables over time to examine the relationship between parenting effectiveness of parents of multicultural families and self-esteem and achievement motivation of multicultural adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.49-65
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• 2022

This study aims to examine the mutual influences of negative parenting attitudes, self-esteem, and life satisfaction perceived by adolescent children through longitudinal perspective. Data from the first to third years of the panel of the first year middle school students were used among the 2018 data of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) of the Korea Youth Policy Institute. The longitudinal correlation was analyzed by applying the autoregressive cross-lagged model which can determine the direction of longitudinal causality between variables. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the negative parenting attitudes, self-esteem, and life satisfaction perceived by adolescents had a positive effect on the negative parenting attitude perception, self-esteem, and life satisfaction at later times, respectively. In addition, the higher the negative parenting attitude at the previous point was, the lower the self-esteem or life satisfaction afterward. The higher the life satisfaction, the lower the negative parenting attitude of the parents, and the higher the self-esteem. Recognition of negative parenting attitudes of parents lowered the self-esteem of adolescents, whereas the cross-delay coefficient from self-esteem to negative parenting attitude perception was not significant. Through these results, the longitudinal relationship between negative parenting attitude perception of adolescence, self-esteem, and life satisfaction was confirmed and efforts to form positive self-esteem and improve life satisfaction were discussed.