• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the current status of augmented reality picture books, which have been steadily developed since 2010, as a genre of electronic picture books, and to reveal how children's immersion in augmented reality picture books differs from paper picture books. To this end, 30 augmented reality picture books on the market were analyzed according to genre, life theme, implementation method, and augmented reality scene ratio. As a result of the study, it was found that the genre of picture books was in the order of information fairy tales, daily fairy tales, and historical fairy tales, and there were no traditional or fantasy fairy tales. Animals and plants accounted for about half of the life topics, and in some cases, there were only a few or no other life topics. In the augmented reality implementation scene, it consisted of only one page in the early days, but all pages are now possible to implement augmented reality due to technology development, production cost reduction, and improved hardware performance of smartphones. It was found that the augmented reality implementation method used CD-ROM in the early days, but gradually became possible to implement using only mobile phones and tablets that were easy for readers to access. In addition, after presenting four picture books to eight 5-year-old infants, the immersion time was measured and the immersion behavior was observed. As a result, augmented reality picture books showed higher immersion[immersion time, immersion behavior] than paper picture books, but compared by literature genre, life fairy tales were higher in paper picture books and natural fairy tales in augmented reality picture books. It was higher when presenting augmented reality picture books after presenting paper picture books according to the order of presentation of picture book types. The results of this study suggest that more diverse life topics and augmented reality picture books in the genre of children's literature should be developed to increase the utilization of augmented reality picture books. In addition, considering that there are differences in immersion between types, literary genres, and reading experience [presentation order], it is expected to increase the educational effect by using picture books complementarily.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2019년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.485-486
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• 2019

Simulated driving behavior is an important aspect of realistic simulation systems. To simulate natural driving behavior, this paper proposes an imitation learning method based on active learning that combines demonstration and experience. Driving demonstrations are collected from human drivers in a driving simulator. A driving behavior policy is learned from these demonstrations. The driving demonstration dataset is augmented with new demonstrations that the original demonstrations did not contain, in the form of behaviors from another driving behavior policy learned from experience. The final driving behavior policy is learned from an augmented demonstration dataset.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2008

This paper presents a novel approach to design evaluation of portable consumer electronic (PCE) products using augmented reality (AR) based tangible interaction and functional behavior simulation. In the approach, the realistic visualization is acquired by overlaying the rendered image of a PCE product on the real world environment in real-time using computer vision based augmented reality. For tangible user interaction in an AR environment, the user creates input events by touching specified regions of the product-type tangible object with the pointer-type tangible object. For functional behavior simulation, we adopt state transition methodology to capture the functional behavior of the product into a markup language-based information model, and build a finite state machine (FSM) to controls the transition between states of the product based on the information model. The FSM is combined with AR-based tangible objects whose operation in the AR environment facilitates the realistic visualization and functional simulation of the product, and thus realizes faster product design and development. Based on the proposed approach, a product design evaluation system has been developed and applied for the design evaluation of various PCE products with highly encouraging feedbacks from users.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2015

Purpose - Augmented reality (AR) content used in mobile media today can accommodate a wide variety of contextual information. This indicates that making people experience a sense of presence and flow is a very significant factor in augmented reality content. Flow represents a rich immersion potential as representing the progress of emotion and the means to facilitate the operation of the smart phone. Therefore, users will have friendly relational continuance behavior with products and brands that supply this experience. Based on that, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among smart phone AR application traits, presence, flow experience, and relational continuance behavior. First, AR application traits are defined as three categories sensory immersion, navigation, and manipulation, based on preceding studies. This study then examines the influence of AR application traits on the presence and flow experience and looks into the relation among presence, flow experience, and relational continuance behavior. This analysis suggests more detailed and concentrated strategic implications. Research design, data, and methodology - A research model is designed to examine the relation among AR application traits, presence, flow experience, and relational continued behavior. For data collection, questionnaire surveys were composed of multi-items for each component and the direct interview method was used for the interviews. To collect the data, after running the smart phone AR applications, the consumer behaviors of the respondents were generally determined. The questionnaire surveys were conducted for one month, October 2014. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed with 278 questionnaires used for analysis, excluding the unanswered and insincere questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 20.0 and LISREL ver. 8.51. Results - The following results are found: First, AR application traits have a significantly positive effect on presence with sensory immersion, navigation, and manipulation all having a significantly positive effect. Second, sensory immersion and manipulation among the AR application traits have a significantly positive effect on flow. However, navigation did not have a significantly positive effect on flow. Third, presence has a significantly positive effect on flow and has a significantly positive effect on relational continuance behavior. Moreover, flow also has a significantly positive effect on relational continuance behavior. This behavior tends to be formed since brands want to encourage relational continuance behavior and positive emotions with the brands being used. Relational continuance behavior accompanies repeat purchasing, positive word-of-mouth and recommendation activities, and forms of trust with the brand. Conclusions - The research results showed that smart phone AR traits had significantly positive effect on presence, flow, and relational continuance behavior. Based on this, smart phone AR application providers should establish an aggressive marketing strategy to accommodate more realistic problems in order to positively influence user behavior. Additionally, the marketers should make efforts to provide fun or convenience in the AR application operation process of the user.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2009년도 학술대회
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• pp.579-582
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• 2009

최근에 증강현실 에이전트에 대한 관심의 증가로 인하여, 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경이나 사용자의 입력에 자율적으로 반응하거나 새로운 형태의 인터페이스로서 이에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 하지만, 기존의 연구들은 에이전트의 반응생성을 위한 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경내의 컨텍스트와 실제 및 가상 공간에 존재하는 정보들의 활용 방안에 대한 연구가 부족하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 환경 정보와 사용자의 프로파일 정보, 그리고 사용자 중심의 컨텍스트의 활용해서 행동을 선택하고 계획하는 증강현실 에이전트의 행동생성 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 에이전트의 내부는 Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) 모델과 계층적 업무 네트워크 (HTN)내 검색을 통해서, 반응적 행동의 시퀀스를 선택한다. 행동의 시퀀스가 기본 행동들만으로 구성이 된 후, 에이전트는 이전 행동 및 입력의 종류에 따라서 행동의 적합성을 판단 및 적응을 수행한 후, 행동을 활성화 시킨다. 제안된 행동 생성 시스템은 행동을 통한 에이전트의 정보 전달이 요구되는 교육, 게임, 도우미 에이전트 등에서 응용이 가능할 것이다. 이렇게 계획된 행동을 통해서 증강현실 에이전트는 효과적인 정보 전달과 의사소통 능력을 사용자에게 보여줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2021

Recently, virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies are attracting attention as core technologies in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. These virtual and augmented reality technologies are being used in a variety of industries, including the construction industry, healthcare industry, and manufacturing industry, to innovate in communication and collaboration, education and simulation, customer service and reinvention of the customer experience. In this paper, VR-based experiential safety education was conducted for workers of shipbuilding companies in Ulsan city, and for them, the educational effectiveness such as immersion, site applicability, safety accident prevention, education satisfaction, overall performance, and safety behavior in VR-based safety experience education were measured. In addition, we examined whether the immersion of VR-based safety experience education affects site applicability, safety accident prevention, educational satisfaction, overall performance, and safety behavior. Furthermore, it was analyzed whether site applicability plays a mediating role in the relationship between immersion and safety accident prevention. As a result, it was found that the immersion of VR-based safety experience education affects site applicability, safety accident prevention effect, education satisfaction, overall performance, and safety behavior, and that site applicability mediates between immersion and safety accident prevention. Based on these results, we suggests a direction for the development of VR-based contents in the field of safety and health and the transformation of safety and health education in the future.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 실시간으로 가상현실의 증강객체에 외부의 힘이 작용할 때 증강된 가상 객체의 동적 모델링 방법을 제시하였다. 가상객체의 자연스러운 움직임을 시뮬레이션 하기 위하여 AR 객체에 적용되는 외부의 힘의 변화에 대하여 Newton의 운동법칙을 적용하여 객체의 움직임을 설명하는 식을 생성하였다. 동적 모델링 과정에서 증강된 객체와 햅틱 장비간의 실질적 상호작용이 발생하며 이때 외부의 힘이 가상객체에 전달된다. 증강된 객체의 고유특성은 강체 혹은 탄성체의 성질을 갖는 모델이다. 강체의 동적 모델링에서는 선형 모멘텀과 각속도 모멘텀을 모두 고려하여 증강된 객체와 햅틱 스틱이 충돌할 때 수행하였다. 비강체의 동적 모델링에 있어서는 탄성체의 변형 모델은 내외의 힘과 제한요소에 자연적으로 반응하기 때문에 물리기반 시뮬레이션 방법을 적용하였다. 증강된 탄성체는 햅틱 인터페이스를 통해 사용자에 의하여 발생하는 힘의 특성과 모델의 고유 특성에 따라 자연스럽게 변형된다. 변형 물체의 모델링을 위하여 Newton의 제 2 운동법칙이라 불리는 질량-스프링 연결 시스템을 적용하였다. 실험을 통하여 증강된 강체와 비강체의 성질을 지닌 가상 객체에 햅틱 장비에 의한 햅틱 상호작용이 발생 할 때 객체의 변환을 자연스럽게 가시화 할 수 있었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.757-766
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• 2016

This study was conducted to examine the usage effects of an augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD) system on the risk perception and psychological changes of drivers. To do so, we conducted an experiment to collect the driver response times for vehicles and pedestrians as their risk perception behavior, and used a driving behavior determinants questionnaire consisting of Problem Evading, Benefits/Sensation Seeking, Anti-Personal Anxiety, Anti-Personal Angry, and Aggression factors for collecting the psychological characteristics of the drivers. Thirty drivers were randomly assigned into an in-vehicle AR-HUD using group and a control group. As a result, the Anti-Personal Anxiety and Anti-Personal Angry factors were negatively correlated with the response time for the control group. In contrast, these results were not shown for the in-vehicle AR-HUD system using group. These results indicate that the in-vehicle AR-HUD system may partially induce a relaxation of tension or stress for drivers with a high level of interpersonal anxiety. Therefore, the in-vehicle AR-HUD system might contribute to not only the visual safety driving behaviors of drivers, but also to their psychological driving safety with specific characteristics.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.75-77
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• 2011

A simulator in Android is developed for Qualcomm Augmented Reality (QCAR) software development kit (SDK). The main purpose is to replace the testing of application on actual Android device. Bugs in the application can be found easily when testing is done in the simulator (with support of Android emulator) before the testing on real device. The simulator does not require a camera in testing augmented reality application. Works included study on QCAR SDK's behavior is done to ensure that the simulator performs similar to the SDK. Description on how would the simulator works with QCAR SDK is included in the paper.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.81-93
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• 2022

비대면 만남이 일반화 되는 시대에 기존의 사진/영상을 기반으로 한 온라인 만남에서 충족되지 못하는 영역을 확장현실이 빠르게 발전해 나가며 채워가고 있다. 하지만, 가장 보편적으로 확장현실을 경험할 수 있는, 손을 주요 입력도구로 하는 HMD(Head Mount Display)형 혼합현실에서 적용되고 있는 기본 조작들은 표준화 된 체계가 없고 각각의 제조사들에 따라 다른 손동작에 별개로 대응되어 동작하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 혼합현실에서 수행되는 조작들의 사용성과 효율성을 고려한 체계화된 손동작 매칭체계가 필요하다고 여겨 이를 규명하는 연구를 진행하였다. 먼저, MR환경에서 수행되는 기본적인 조작과 그 속성을 규명하였고, 동시에 손의 구조와 발생할 수 있는 손동작들의 속성들을 규명하였다. 규명한 속성들을 토대로 MR(Mixed Reality)환경에서의 기본조작과 손의 구조/맥락에 따른 미묘한 작동속성을 직관적이고 효율적으로 매칭할 수 있는 체계를 제시하고자 한다.