• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.104-116
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• 2021

In order to reduce the social and economic costs due to the increase in dementia patients, which is a representative senile disease in an aging society, it will be important to prevent dementia and to detect and treat early in high-risk groups. This study reported the results of treatment for the elderly with high risk of dementia and depression who received Korean medicine (KM) treatment in 9 KM clinics. Medical charts were surveyed on 116 patients with high risk of dementia and depression who received KM treatment at 9 KM clinics in Gangseo-gu from September 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The majority of the patients were female(76.72%), the average age was 71.66±7.18 years old, and the average education level was 8.96±3.91 years. The average treatment period was 61.47±10.30 days, the average number of treatments was 15.38±1.06 times, and both acupuncture and herbal medicine were administered. After receiving KM treatment, cognitive assessment scores such as MMSE-DS and MoCA-K, depression-related GDSSF-K score, dementia knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior, blood debilitation scale, and GQOL-D score were improved compared to before. There was no specific adverse reaction except that one patient with elevated AST and ALT levels was observed. This study showed improvement in cognitive function, depression, dementia-related scale, and quality of life in high-risk groups for dementia and depression over 60 years old who received KM treatment. More systematic and large-scale planned clinical studies will be needed.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2018

Purpose - Turnover Intention in the franchise industry is becoming a very important issue. This study examines the structural relationships between organizational justice, emotion, job satisfaction, and turnover intention in the franchise industry. In this model, emotion was classified into two sub-dimensions such as positive and negative emotion. Research design, data, methodology - The sample of this study collected from employees of a food-service franchise company is representative. Copies of the questionnaire along with a cover letter were delivered by a research assistant to the human resources manager or the general manager of the selected food-service franchise firms after they agreed to participate in the study. In order to increase the response rate of the respondents, a small gift was provided to the respondents who completed the questionnaire. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed and 285 returned responses, 9 responses were not usable due to missing information. Thus, a total of 276 responses were used using structural equation modeling with Smartpls 3.0. Results - The results showed that organizational justice had positive significant effects on positive emotion and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction had negative a significant effect on turnover intention. And negative emotion had positive significant effect on turnover intention. Conclusions - The results of this study provide some implications. If employees feel that the franchise headquarters is fair about the methods and procedures of decision making, resource allocation, information sharing, etc., it means that employees feel better. If the franchise's decision-making processes and methods and results are transparently disclosed and processed in accordance with the internal rules of the company, the employees will be able to fully understand and accept them. The results of this study also show that positive and negative emotions of service-based franchise employees have different effects on job attitude and organizational behavior. In particular, when negative emotions of employees are passed on to others and the results are negative, employees may feel that they are disoriented or wrong. Therefore, the franchise headquarters should try to inspire employees' sense of organizational community, and should pay attention to how to relieve the job stress and the fair distribution of work and rewards.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.27-40
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• 2020

Recently, popular entertainers have contributed significantly to the achievement of TV program and exportation, which make them attract more attention. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship perception of broadcasting entertainers in inductive interview study. Thoughts of entertainers can affect theirs' behavior and attitude as well as value and thought, which makes it necessary on celebrity studies to examine entertainers' ideas. This study divides into drama and variety show for genres and cast portions are classified into three categories; leading, supporting, and minor role. We conducted an interview study on 48 entertainers in drama and variety entertainment programs and have explored data by using Nvivo 11 program. Entertainers' perception on their relationship in program can be sub-categorized into ideas on PDs, script writers, and colleague entertainers. Perception on PD revealed significant difference on consciousness on PDs' and script writers' authority, treatment, and communication. In addition, perception on colleague entertainers revealed significant result on colleague membership, relationship between seniors and newcomers, competition, and communication with colleagues. Because this study covered all relationship perceptions, and it is possible to come up with new practical implications, it is difficult to suggest diverse guidance for the harmonious awareness of entertainers. Therefore, future studies should be analyzed to address these limitations and provide more implications.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.35-54
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine how Korean music therapy students experience growth under clinical supervision. The investigator conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with 9 students from 3 different universities in Seoul who had at least three semesters of clinical supervision. Data was analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach to construct the growth experience of music therapy supervisees. Results suggest that growth can be understood in terms of both personal and professional domains and includes four types of experiences: growth hindering, fostering, mediating, and revealing. In the personal domain, hindering factors are defensiveness, narcissistic trauma, avoidance and anxiety whereas growth fostering and mediating factors include reflection on self, musical self, unconscious drives and conflicting issues as well as self-driven problem solving skills. As a result, growth in the personal domain is associated with increased self-acceptance and self-awareness. Growth in the professional domain is hindered by having trust issues, performance anxiety, identity crisis, and being hypersensitive to the judgment of others. On the other hand, growth is fostered and mediated by opening the self and interacting more with others, building trusting relationships with peers and supervisors, and establishing a new relationship with music, which leads to improved attitude, increased motivation, and more efficient and effective training.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.851-856
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• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is a major health problem among women around the world. Recent developments in screening and treatment have greatly improved the prognosis of patients with breast cancer in developed countries. However, in developing countries breast cancer mortality remains high.Breast cancer awareness is a first and important step in reducing breast cancer mortality. The development of a validated instrument to measure breast cancer awareness is crucial for the understanding and implementation of suitable health education programs to facilitate early deletion and minimize mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop an instrument for the assessment of breast cancer awareness in Thai women. Materials and Methods: This methodological study was conducted in two stages: (1) literature searches and semi-structured interviews were conducted to generate items of the breast cancer awareness scale (B-CAS) which were subsequently examined for content and face validity, and (2) an exploration of the factor structure of the resulting instrument and an examination of its reliability. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire in Thai women aged 20-64 in August, 2015. Results: A total of 219 women (response rate 97.4 %) participated in this validation study. The B-CAS contains five domains with 53 items on breast cancer awareness: 1) knowledge of risk factors, 2) knowledge of signs and symptoms, 3) attitude to breast cancer prevention, 4) barriers of breast screening, and 5) health behavior related to breast cancer awareness. Items with a content validity index < 0.80 were excluded, and factor structure for the remaining items reflected the hypothesized five factor model. The scales based on all retained items was shown to have strongly internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=0.86$). Conclusions: The B-CAS provides good psychometric properties to assess breast cancer awareness in women. It can be used to examine breast cancer awareness in Thai women and it could lead to the development and evaluation of suitable educational interventions for raising breast cancer awareness. Future research should focus on further validating the B-CAS including an assessment of construct and criterion-based validity.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 1996

Currently. exchanges of industrial workers between countries are more active than ever. and the problem of AIDS in connection with the operation of preventive educational programs has reached a point where the issue cannot be limited to native people alone any more. Based on such judgement. this research has been carried out to provide basic study materials by grasping the latent factors representing the difference between countries in the levels of right knowledge. attitude and behavior with respect to AIDS maintained by workers who have grown in different social and cultural living background. During the period from Apr. 1. 1995 to Jun. 30. questionnaires. written both in Korean and English, were distributed to Korean and Malaysian employees working at certain Korean video manufacturers. and the results of replies. given by 80 workers who were analyzed through matched sampling· method where ages and sex matched by country. were used as the research materials. The gathered materials were analyzed through the SPSS package t-test. ANOVA. factor analysis and multiple stepwise regression methods. and the following results were obtained. 1. The 2 extracted latent factors could be named 'common. social' knowledge factor and 'in-depth. psychological' knowledge factor respectively. 2. The percentile points of 'external. social' knowledge factor. in the case of Korean workers. howed 90.0 at average. a figure 13.75 points higher than those of Malaysian workers. 76.25. On the other hand. the percentile points of the 'in-depth. psychological'knowledge factor showed 70.80 at average in the case of Korean workers. a figure 7.47 points lower than those of Malaysian workers. 78.33. Meanwhile. the difference in percentile points between the 2 latent factors was 8.54 at average. indicating that the points of 'in-depth. psychological' knowledge factor was lower than those of the 'external. social' knowledge factor. 3. As for Korean workers. the percentile points of the 'in-depth. psychological' knowledge factor showed higher points in office workers than in non-office workers. and such variables exhibited in the position of workers can explain the $7\%$ of the latent factor. The percentile points of the 'in-depth. psychological' knowledge factors. in the case of Malaysian workers. showed higher points in groups who had religion than in groups who did not. and higher points in groups who obtained information from newspapers than in groups who obtained from televisions or other sources; and with these 2 variables. $26\%$ of this latent factor can be explained. The results. of analysis described so far suggest that while Korean workers possessed general level of knowledge on AIDS. they had low level of practical knowledge as far as its depth is concerned. and that they had social prejudice on patients as well as on the AIDS infection route. In addition. because the overall knowledge level of Malaysian workers. is lower than that of Korean workers. it suggests that separate programs intended for Malaysian workers are required prior to executing integrated programs.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.79-89
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• 2018

Purpose - This research aims to investigate the factors that influence consumer's overseas online shopping behavior. Consumers adopt overseas online shopping as a new buying way and more and more consumers prefer overseas online shopping than traditional shopping ways. Consumers' behaviors in this shopping experience can be different from other shopping experiences. With the increase of overseas online shopping, we need to find antecedents and results of overseas online shopping. Especially there would be positive or negative factors which influence overseas online shopping motivation. To find the relationship, this study examines self-efficacy and impulsivity as major factors which influence overseas online shopping. We also suggest that several attitude factors increase self-efficacy and it is positively related to customer satisfaction. On the other hand, we assume that overseas online shopping factors influence impulsivity of buying and it will decrease customer satisfaction. Research design, data, and methodology - This empirical study data were collected from Korean people who experience overseas online shopping. The subjects for this study were confined to shoppers who used overseas online shopping within the past six months. A total of 267 responses were gathered. SPSS 23.0, PLS 2.0 software were used in the data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to show sample characteristics. We examined reliability, validity test for constructs. All measurement items used seven-point scales(1= very strong disagree, 7 = very strongly agree) drawn from previously published papers. Partial Least Square method was applied to find the relationship between antecedent factors and dependent factors and hypotheses were estimated. Results - Results show that perceived superiority, perceived ease of use, perceived transaction safety, perceived behavioral control positively affect self-efficacy. Self-efficacy influences positively to consumer's post purchase satisfaction. Perceived monetary benefit and perceived uniqueness motivated impulse buying. This can make consumer's post purchase dissatisfaction. Conclusions - This paper attempted to confirm the existence of both the positive and negative faces of overseas online shopping. The result reveals that self-efficacy is a major factor which may increase satisfaction in the overseas online shopping. Usually, we can think monetary benefit and uniqueness of products motivate overseas online shopping. But it can also intrigue impulse buying and negatively affect customer relationship. Therefore companies should provide enough products information to their potential customers and they might apply adequate processes such as recommendation, comparing systems to build long term relationship with their customers.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.45-55
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• 2018

Purpose - Non-verbal Communication with customers in restaurant business can play an important role because it affects customer behavior and attitudes as a means to develop and maintain long-term relationships with customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of non-verbal communication with customers and the effect of the influence on customer satisfaction, trust, and revisit intention. Research design, data, methodology - In order to verify the research models and hypotheses of this study, questions were prepared for each variable and data were collected through questionnaires. The questionnaire survey was conducted from March 27, 2018 to April 17, 2018, for those who agreed with the citizens of the Jeju area who visited the restaurant recently. 50 out of 100 were conducted by internet survey and 50 were surveyed. Thus, a total of 100 responses were used using structural equation modeling with Smartpls 3.0. Results - The results of the study are as follows. First, non-verbal communication has a significant impact on customer emotion. Second customer emotion have a significant impact on customer trust and satisfaction. Third, Customer satisfaction had positive a significant effect on revisit intention. Fourth, Customer trust had positive a significant effect on revisit intention. Conclusions - The implications of this study are following as: The food service company should continuously provide non-verbal communication training to employees so that they can respond to customers with the right attitude and bright smile. In particular, in the case of restaurant franchises, customer response manuals should be created and distributed to the franchisees, and a regular training program for the franchisees should be implemented to provide the same service to the customer. Second, CEOs should have to worry about what kind of experience he or she has left since leaving the store. It is also necessary to constantly look at what customers experience in their stores or in their brands, and what emotions they form through their experiences. Third, the more satisfied or trusted customers are formed through the service of the employee, the more loyal the restaurant business will be, and the more likely it is to make continuous revisit and positive word-of-mouth activities..

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.50-63
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• 2014

Eco-tourism has been recognized as a form of sustainable development that simultaneously satisfies the need for environmental preservation and the activation of local economies. Although some research findings relating to its positive environmental and social effects have been published, there is still controversy regarding its pros and cons in terms of its actual economic benefits, and little research about how they can be increased. Thus, the following research analyzes how the tour activities, attitudes and satisfaction of 314 actual visitors was related with their consumption behaviors, by surveying tourists to Suncheon Bay, a highly popular destination with a large number of visitors. The results are as follows. First, if the tourists were involved in a link-up tour, had prior eco-tourism experience, or had researched information on SunCheon bay eco-tourism before their visit, these were all positively correlated with consumption behaviors, and increased the amount of money they spent. In particular, among tour spending activities, accommodation cost is shown to be highly correlated with tour activities. Second, Free Independent Tourist(FIT) tended to show more positive tour attitudes than package tourists, spending more on accommodation and experience programs. The visitors to SunCheon Bay showed strong environmental attitudes, followed by social and cultural attitudes, and economic attitudes, in that order, and tourists with positive attitudes had a high rate of participation in experience programs. In addition, program participants showed a willingness to donate, and high satisfaction. Therefore, the following thesis proposes that Free Independent Tourist(FIT) should be induced to increase their contribution to the local eco-tourism economy, and highlights the need to develop various experience programs, aggressive advertisements and educational activities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.206-213
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• 2013

This study aims at finding which change there is of oral health promotion as investigating the oral health status in quality, diagnosing which effects knowledge and attitude of oral health has before and after the oral health education as developing and conducting the oral health education program for international marriage migrant women to form their oral health belief for improving oral health. This study consisted of each 51 of the experimental group and the controlled group at the multi-cultural family support center from $26^{th}$ of March, 2012 to $30^{th}$ of June, 2012 as the subjects, and pre-to-post investigated knowledge of oral and cognition. Also as it took follow-up examination of the clients who visited to the dentist with changing of their cognition, conducted matched-pair sample t-test and analysis of repeated measure variance. As the result, there were always the changes at the field of knowledge about oral, periodontal disease and toothbrush in awareness of oral health, and at the field of periodontal disease, dental caries, toothbrush, fluorine and bad breath in knowledge of oral health. The change of DMFT index, DT index has been reduced and FT index has been increased. As the result above, the oral health education program for international marriage migrant women has led to change awareness of oral health and knowledge, and the change of knowledge has influenced to a behavior, so there were the changes of periodontal status and DMFT index as well. This has been showing the importance of the program for oral health of international marriage migrant women. Moreover, while the oral health education program is developed in various aspects by offering the information for developing the oral health education program in future, it needs to run parallel prevention with treatment.