• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.161-180
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• 2023

This study empirically analyzed the effect of perceived injustice on service recovery measures proposed by online food delivery service (OFDS) companies on consumer disappointment. This study adopted interaction justice, information justice, procedural justice, and distributive justice as sub-variables of justice perception based on the justice theory. In addition, the differences by generation (MZ generation and other generations) were examined in the relationship between negative word-of-mouth behavior and switching intentions due to service recovery failure. An online survey was conducted targeting 250 adult consumers in the U.S for the empirical analysis of this research model. The results of the data analysis demonstrated that negative perceptions about the procedural justice and distributive justice among the service recovery strategies had a positive effect upon the consumer's disappointment. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the consumer's disappointment due to the perceived injustice of the service recovery strategy had a positive effect on the consumer's negative word-of-mouth behavior and switching intentions. The verification results of the moderation effect in the relationship between negative word-of-mouth behavior and switching intention, it was found that the younger the age(MZ generation), the higher the possibility of causing dysfunctional behavior. This study expands the scope of related research by presenting a new perspective on the justice perception in the service recovery process by verifying dysfunctional behavior of consumers caused due to the failure of the service recovery strategy. It is believed that the results of this study will be used as basic data for the establishment of practical strategies for OFDS companies to prevent double defection of their customers.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.35-47
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• 2020

Objectives: This study is a descriptive research study conducted to grasp the Prediction factors of the sexual violence experience of college students. Methods: A convenience sampling was performed for 500 students from one college located in Gyeongsangbuk-do, who agreed to the purpose of this study. Data collection was conducted from October 5, 2015, to October 23, 2015, by filling out the self-report questionnaire. Among the 450 subjects excluding those with missing values, a questionnaire of dating violence experience was applied to 317 college students who answered that they had a friend of the opposite sex, and variables and prediction factors related to dating violence experiences were identified. The statistical methods used were descriptive statistics, x²-test, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: As a result of the study, the experience of sexual behavior before entering college (𝑥²=6.52, p=.011), experience of sexual violence damage before entering college(p=.045), the experience of sexual assault before entering college (p=.007) and experience of school violence damage(p=.002) were variables related to the sexual violence experience of college students. School violence victimization (OR=4.831, p=.007) and controlling dating partners (OR=1.349, p<.001) were predictors of dating sexual violence. Dating sexual violence experience group were compared to dating sexual violence non-experience group, the relative degree of controlling dating partners was high (t=4.25, p<.001) and had a traditional gender role attitude (t=2.94, p=.004). and there was a positive correlation (r=.358, p<.001) between controlling dating partners and gender role attitude. Conclusions: In order to prevent sexual violence on dating among college students, it is expected that more effective health education results will emerge if the contents of the school-age school violence victimization experience and the control of dating partners, which are predicted factors of sexual violence on dating, are included in the sexual violence prevention program.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.269-277
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors which affect risk perception and attitude on government risk management over medications containing asbestos among parents of elementary school students. Methods: This research design was cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire. The survey subjects were parents of elementary school students in Seoul, total of 1,051 subjects. The survey period was from June through July of 2011. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0. Results: The subjects perceived high risk regarding medications containing asbestos. About 83.6% of the subjects perceived that the result taking of medications containing asbestos was fatal, 82.8% felt that medications containing asbestos was a very serious social problem, 79.5% agreed that medications containing asbestos was a new type of threat. The risk perception for medications containing asbestos was related to political affiliation, attitudes of dealing medicines, main use of media, and personal communication credibility. Those who did not believe that the current government policy was correct and the government was working toward the public's benefit and not its own had the higher level of negative attitudes towards the government's risk management over the case of medications containing asbestos. Conclusion: In implementing government policy, all information should be efficiently and accurately communicated through a transparent implementation process. Also, the government must have plans for countermeasures in case of an emergency and respond efficiently in order to maintain their credibility. Moreover, this highlights the need for health authorities to exert more effort in increasing public education/awareness, especially those concerning drug and dug-taking behavior, in order to harness positive attitude and trust towards the government's policy. For a more effective risk communication, the media, health experts, government representatives, and related industries should work together.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-93
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of lectures on sexuality and investigate changes in students' sexual knowledge and consciousness. Method: The subjects in this study were 50 students at K University in Busan, and the research period was from the $8^{th}$ of March to the $7^{th}$ of June 2004. This study was designed to be one-group pretest-posttest. Data were analyzed by frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, paired t-test and $x^2$-test using the SPSS 10.0 program. Results: 1. The score of sexual knowledge increased from 14.48 before the education to 15.70 after and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.926, p<.001). 2. Significant differences of sexual consciousness were observed in 'the extent of sexual behavior' ($x^2$=12.584, p<.05), 'the meaning of intercourse' ($x^2$=46.014, p<.001), 'the self attitude of premarital purity' ($x^2$=84.686, p<.001), 'the premarital intercourse' ($x^2$=75.323, p<.001), 'the definition of purity' ($x^2$=23.770, p<.001), 'the general premarital purity attitude' ($x^2$=32.305, p<.001), 'the conception of love, sex and marriage' ($x^2$=38.452, p<.001) and 'the premarital sex experiences' ($x^2$=50.210, p<.001). Conclusions: This study showed that a sexuality course has effects on increasing sexual knowledge and changing the consciousness in university students.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.297-318
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• 2022

A growing number of fashion brands and retailers are actively adopting live streaming as a new marketing channel. In spite of the increasing use of live commerce, the effects of live streaming commerce on customer purchasing behavior for fashion products are not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to examine factors affecting consumers' attitudes toward a purchase via fashion live streaming commerce (FLSC) and intention to use FLSC. The study also investigated whether consumers' expenditure on fashion and time spent on mobile shopping moderate the relationships among research variables. A total of 230 questionnaires were analyzed through descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and multiple-group comparison tests using SPSS and AMOS. A summary of the main results of this study is as follows. First, the perception of the attributes of FLSC (ease of use, economic efficiency, interactivity, and enjoyment) has a positive effect on attitude toward a purchase via FLSC. The ease of use and economic efficiency of FLSC, in particular, have greater impacts on attitudes than other factors. Secondly, attitudes toward FLSC positively impact the intention to use FLSC. Lastly, the results of group comparisons, by fashion expenditure and time spent on mobile shopping respectively, hold no significant moderation effects among the variables. These findings demonstrate that consumers are more likely to use FLSC as they form a positive attitude by the attributes of FLSC mentioned earlier. The study provides some insights on an exploration of live streaming commerce for fashion product sales.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.373-381
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• 2016

This study examined the interaction of nostalgia and self-congruence on consumer behavior. We proposed that nostalgia make consumers' brand attitude and purchase intention more positive when the level of congruence between the brand and consumer's ideal self-image is high, irregardless of the level of actual self congruence. 283 middle-aged people participated and 2(nostalgia: stimuli vs. control) X 2(ideal self-congruence: high vs. low) between subject design is used. The result showed the interaction effect of nostalgia and ideal self congruence. Nostalgia-primed (vs. control) participants reported higher brand attitude and purchase intention to the ideal self-congruent brand. Finally the theoretcal and practical implications and limitations of this study are discussed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.338-343
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• 2001

Physical activity is one of important factors of the chronic disease. It was reported that Most of Korean workers didn't take exercise regularly. The purpose of this study is testing effects of exercise program, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. 30 subjects participating in this study are workers in small enterprises and have not taken exercise regularly. Exercise program, which includes education, support, monitoring, and counseling, was conducted for 6 weeks. Effects of this program was evaluated by the change of exercise, attitude, subjective norm, perceived control. intention of exercise, perceived health states, and fatigue. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. There was the significant difference between pre and post-test in the subjective norm, perceived control. and intention of exercise, but not the significant difference in the attitude of exercise. 2. 53.3% of the subject of this study had taken exercise regulary in the post-test. 3. There was not the significant difference in the perceived health states and fatigue, From the results, it can be concluded that the exercise program is effective, leading to the change of intention and exercise rate. On the other hand, it was not effective in Physiological aspects. It seems that these result was due to short term program. Thus, it can be recommended that studies are needed with longer term program and larger sample.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 1996

To assess premenstrual changes in adolescents, a self rating retrospective premenstrual assessment from(PAF) and a prospective daily rating form(DRF) were administered to 230 high school students who reported premenstrual changes. The results were as follows 1) According to typological categories of retrospective premenstrual assessment form, the most commonly reported changes in mood and behavior were major depressive syndrome(40.0%), impulsive syndrome(20.9%). Especially among the subtype of depressive syndrome, hostility feature and withdrawal feature were most frequent. The most commonly reported changes in physical condition were general discomfort(73.5%), fatigue(33.9%). 50.9% of all subjects reported impaired social function. 2) 41.2% of the subjects who met the criteria for typological categories of retrospective premenstrual assessment form were confirmed by prospective daily rating form. 3) According to different criteria of percent change method of assessing symptom change, 38.7% of all subjects had at least one mild premenstrual change and 23.5% had at least one moderate premenstrual change. 4) Using prospective daily rating form, overall psychological changes were confirmed more frequently than physical changes. Of the mild premenstrual changes, 'low energy, tired & weak', 'less or impaired work' were most common changes. Of the moderate premenstrual changes, the most common change was 'low energy, tired & weak'. 5) As attitude toward menstruation, 44.9% of the subjects with confirmed premenstrual changes had more negative attitude(disgusted) toward menstruation. 6) The subjects with confirmed mild or moderate premenstrual changes had only dysphoric mood changes or both physical and dysphoric mood changes, but did not have only physical changes. These results suggest that retrospective reports of premenstrual changes were partially confirmed by daily prospective ratings. A substantial number of adolescents appeared to experience premenstrual changes, and the most common confimed premenstrual change of mild or moderate severity was 'low energy, tired and weak'.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.297-306
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• 2014

This paper is a descriptive study that aims to investigate attitudes towards menstruation, symptoms and coping behaviors in order to develop a program for building positive attitudes toward menstruation in primary school students. The mean age of menarche was 12.3 years, and students generally showed negative attitudes towards menstruation. Students who experienced menarche had relatively more positive attitudes than those who did not. However, no significant difference was exhibited. Menstrual symptoms occurred rarely or at a moderate level by showing a low score of 2.12 points. Of all sub-factors, 'pain' was the most serious. The most common coping behaviors during menstruation was 'I take a warm shower' and 'I take a rest or nap', while respondents rarely checked 'I take vitamin B supplements' and 'I take painkiller'. Based on the above findings, the study intends to perform a systematic study to further identify the factors affecting menstrual attitudes in primary school students. In addition, this paper suggests effective healthcare education on menstruation to build positive attitudes towards menstruation and education and counseling programs for adopting appropriate coping strategies to deal with menstrual symptoms.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.77-100
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• 2014

To validate the effects of students' individual factor, school organizational factor, and teacher factor on violent behavior toward peers in school, this study applied Hierarchical Linear Modeling and analyzed it using the HLM 7 program. To this end, it used survey data of students from 50 middle schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. A total of 1,777 cases from 50 middle schools were used for individual student-level analysis (Level 1), and used for school-level analysis (Level-2). According to the results of the analysis, student-level variables such as attitude toward violence, experience of child abuse at home, and delinquent peers had significant effects on school violence. The effects of violent discipline by teacher, which are used as a school-level variable, was statistically significant. Based on the result of the study, action plans and policies to resolve school violence were discussed.