• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2014

Student halls and their convenient facilities have been a focal point for various student activities at university campus. It has been for most of the student a place of unique memories and of attachment often associated with those good and bad school days. However, it is questionable whether these facilities are supportive and accessible for all of the students and other users including the handicapped. Therefore, based on the concept of UD(universal design) which was widely applied to U.S. institutions, this study intended to evaluate student hall facilities in U.S. and to provide an improvement direction for Korean UD application. For that purpose, four universities were selected for an in-depth analysis and 76 survey indices were utilized based on previous research. It was found that (1) design consideration without braille sign for VIP(visually impaired person) in student buildings can be differently approached with electronic devices; (2) the best demonstration of UD in student buildings can be seen in spacious flat pathway, easy access through ramp and wide entry area, necessary for people in wheel-chairs, but used by all, implying an increase of the ratio of public space; (3) one of the good UD features is an attractive physical environment rather than institutional appearance, in which they ultimately will support and completely adaptable at optimal levels by everyone; (4) consistent maintenance and management maximize the potential of UD principles and minimize physical limitations.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.281-292
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• 2017

Objective: This study aims to identify important physical design variables in designing a necklace type wearable device, and to present design guidelines to maximize comfort that a user feels upon wearing the device. Background: Interests in fitness culture and personal health are on the rise recently. In such a situation, demand for necklace type wearable devices is projected to increase a lot, as the devices enable users to use their hands freely and to enjoy various contents through connection with mobile devices. However, the necklace type wearable device's comfort was assessed to have the lowest comfort in a running situation, where human body moves up and down and left and right more than other devices wearable on other human body parts. Therefore, the usability of a necklace type wearable device was low. In this regard, studies on identification of the variables affecting user comfort upon wearing a necklace type wearable device and on physical design direction maximizing comfort and usability are needed. Method: A pretest and a main test were carried out to draw the direction of necklace type wearable device design. In the pretest, wearing evaluation on the diverse types of devices released in the market was conducted to draw physical design variables of the devices affecting comfort. Furthermore, variables significantly affecting the comfort of a device were selected through an analysis of variance (ANOVA). In the main test, anthropometry was performed, and information on anthropometric items corresponding to the design variables selected in the pretest was acquired. Based on the pretest results and the anthropometric information in the main test, the present study produced design guidelines maximizing the comfort of a necklace type wearable device with regard to major design variables upon dynamic tasks. Results: According to the pretest results, the variables having effects on comfort were the angle of side points, width, and height. Due to interactions between variables, those need to be simultaneously considered upon designing a device. Upon dynamic tasks, the angle of side points and width of a device was designed to be smaller than mean angle of the trapezius muscle and neck width, and thus attachment to human body was high. As height was designed to be larger than mean neck front and rear point width, comfort was higher due to feeling of stability. Conclusion: Because user sensitivity to comfort was high at human body's inflection points, a device needs to be designed for users not to feel high pressure on specific body parts with the device fitting human body shape well. A design considering user's situation is also required in further studies.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.108-114
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 KSR-Ⅲ 로켓의 날개-동체 조인트에 대한 비선형 유한요소해석을 수행하므로 적절한 설계 개선을 제시하였으며, 최종 설계의 검증을 위해 수행된 구조 시험 결과와 비교하여 해석의 타당성을 평가하였다. 날개-동체 조인트는 동체 프레임 상에 존재하는 체결 홈에 날개의 체결부가 끼워짐으로 연결되는 방식으로 설계되었다. 이 방식은 연결 구조물간의 하중 전달을 주로 구조물간의 접촉면을 통해 이루어지게 하며, 체결 볼트를 통해서는 구조물을 고정하되 전달 하중은 최소화하기 위한 것이다. 조인트 구조의 정확한 해석을 위해 연결 구조물간의 접촉 및 체결 볼트를 통한 하중 전달을 묘사할 수 있는 세심한 구조 모델링을 적용하였다. 해석 결과에 의해 제시된 설계 개선은 구조시험을 통해 안전성이 검증되었으며, 해석 및 시험 결과가 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제17권6호통권79호
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• pp.689-697
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• 2005

보 플랜지 절취형 (Reduced Beam Section, RBS) 내진 철골모멘트접합부의 최근 실험결과를 살펴보면, 보 웨브를 볼트 접합한 시험체는 보 웨브를 용접한 시험체에 비해 조기에 스캘럽에서 취성파단이 발생하는 열등한 내진성능을 나타냈다. 과거 여러 연구자들이 수행한 실험 결과 및 본 연구의 수치해석 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 이러한 접합부의 조기 취성파괴는 고전 휨이론과 매우 다른 응력전달 메카니즘에서 기인하는 웨브 볼트의 슬립, 그리고 재료의 인성이 가장 낮은 스캘럽 부근의 응력집중과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 분석된다. 본 연구에서는 실험 및 해석결과를 바탕으로 RBS 접합부의 실제 응력전달경로에 부합되는 새로운 보 웨브 볼트 설계법 및 개선된 상세를 제시하고 실물대 실험을 통하여 방안의 타당성을 입증하였다.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.67-84
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• 2020

Given the recent surge of interest towards utilization of renewable distributed energy resources (DER), in particular in remote areas, this paper aims at designing an optimal hybrid system in order to supply loads of a village located in Esfarayen, North Khorasan, Iran. This paper illustrates the optimal design procedure of a standalone hybrid system which consists of Wind Turbine Generator (WTG), Photo Voltaic (PV), Diesel-generator, and Battery denoting as the Energy Storage System (ESS). The WTGs and PVs are considered as the main producers since the site's ambient conditions are suitable for such producers. Moreover, batteries are employed to smooth out the variable outputs of these renewable resources. To this end, whenever the available power generation is higher than the demanded amount, the excess energy will be stored in ESS to be injected into the system in the time of insufficient power generation. Since the standalone system is assumed to have no connection to the upstream network, it must be able to supply the loads without any load curtailment. In this regard, a Diesel-Generator can also be integrated to achieve zero loss of load. The optimal hybrid system design problem is a discrete optimization problem that is solved, here, by means of a recently-introduced meta-heuristic optimization algorithm known as Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization (LAPO). The results are compared to those of some other methods and discussed in detail. The results also show that the total cost of the designed stand-alone system in 25 years is around 92M€ which is much less than the grid-connected system with the total cost of 205M€. In summary, the obtained simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the utilized optimization algorithm in finding the best results, and the designed hybrid system in serving the remote loads.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.299-312
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to create a shirt sloper suitable for an elderly male body shape by producing virtual models using a 3D-virtualization program, making a torso prototype using the Yuka CAD system, and employing 3D simulation to virtualize and calibrate the model. First, the following three types of obese dummies are implemented through the CLO 3D program: Type 1 exhibits body fat in the lower body; Type 2 exhibits an obese abdomen; and Type 3 displays a balanced form of obesity. Second, for the design of the shirt pattern, the waist back length (measured value+1), back armhole depth (C/10+12+3+0.5~1.5), front armhole depth (back armhole depth 0~1), front interscye (2C/10-1+0.5-0.5), armscye depth (C/10+2+3.5+ 0.5), back interscye (2C/10-1+1), front chest C (C/4+2.5+1), back chest C (C/4+2.5-1), front hem C (C/4+2.5+1(+2)), back hem C (C/4+2.5-1(+2)), cap height (AH/3-5), and biceps width (Front AH-1, Back AH-1) are calculated. Third, the virtual attachment of the shirt pattern is resolved by increasing the front and back armhole depths, and the front and rear wrinkles are improved by adding a back armhole dart. The front hem lift and lateral pull caused by the protrusion of the abdomen are amended by increasing the margin of the chest, waist C, and hip C, with the appearance improved by balanced margin distribution in the front, back, and side panels. The improved retail pattern with an increase in the front armholes C was balanced on the torso plate.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.322-333
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of study was : 1) to analyse the trend of research on the sensory stimulation in newborn in Korea, 2) to suggest direction for further study on the sensory stimulation in newborn and contributing to the use of intervention in newborn. Method: Research studies on the sensory stimulation in newborn were selected from the dissertations, parents-child health. Academic Society Journal, and from Korean Journal of Pediatrcs which were conducted between 1984 and 2002. The total numbers of the studies were 15. These studies were analyzed for 1) time of publication or presentation 2) thesis for a degree or nondegree 3) characteristics of subjects 4) sample size 5) research design 6) type of sensory stimualtion 7) meaurement tool 8) result. Result : 1)The most year of studies were the 1996's～ 2000's. 2) The degree of studies were higher than nondegree. 3) The most characteristics of subjects were the premature infants. 4) The most frequent sample sizes were 11-20. 5) The all research design was nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design in quasi experimental basis. 6) The most type of sensory stimulation was Field massage(tactile and kinesthetic). 7) The measurement tool used all objective tools. 8) The most research data were collected by the measure of the weight, heart rate, behavior state, respiration, stress hormon and positive results. Conclusion: 1) Human sensory stimulation did not seem to harm the infants. 2) several positive effects of sensory stimulation that have been reported previously must be reevaluated. 3) further research will be required large sample size, long-term outcome, individualized stimulation program, early parent-infant contact in order to enhance the development of attachment, to determine the underlying mechanism and theorical frame for these stimulation effect.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2011

유압 브레이커는 굴착기의 암 끝에 장착되어 파쇄작업을 하는 부착작업기이다. 그러나 굴착기의 성능에 치명적인 영향을 미치는 유압 브레이커의 중량에 대한 연구는 아직 없었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유압 브레이커에서 대부분의 중량을 차지하고 있는 하우징에 대한 최적설계를 수행하였다. 유압 브레이커 하우징의 설계 요구사항은 정상 운전상태에서 파손없이 중량을 최소화하는 것이다. 직교배열표를 이용하여 실험점을 선정하였고, 실험점에서의 결과를 바탕으로 근사모델을 생성하여 최적 설계안을 도출하였다. 그 결과, 모든 구속조건을 만족하면서 유압 브레이커 하우징의 중량을 4.8% 감소시켰다.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

일반적인 대중교통이라고 불리는 버스, 지하철, 택시 등은 다양한 광고물이 부착되어 있다. 각각의 대중교통은 환경과 특징에 맞도록 홍보, 광고를 한다. 하지만 현재 대중교통은 무분별하게 광고가 부착되고 있다. 이 같은 상황에서 국내 대중교통으로 1호 노면전차 사업이 들어섰다. 노면전차는 기존의 대중교통과 달리 철도를 이용하여도 속도가 빠르지 않고 일반도로와 연결성이 많아 다양한 방식으로 광고, 홍보물이 적용될 수 있다. 발생가능한 문제점을 최소화하기 위해, 본 연구에서는 대중교통으로 노면전차가 발전한 중부유럽 노면전차 광고물의 내, 외관 부착 방식을 조사하였다. 조사한 부착 방식은 국내 노면전차 이용의 특징과 환경, 등을 고려하여 수정함으로써 국내 노면전차 광고 부착에 대한 디자인 가이드라인을 제안하였다. 제작한 가이드라인은 부산시민 3명의 인터뷰를 통해 평가하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2021

가거초 해양과학기지 자켓 구조물 내 콘크리트를 배제하고 강재로만 이루어진 최적설계를 제시한다. 50년 재현주기 극한하중조건에서 허용응력 및 허용응력비 조건을 모두 만족하는 안전한 경량 설계를 목표하였다. 역할에 따라 부재를 세 그룹으로 나눈 설계 조건(Case-1)과 보다 세분화한 설계 조건(Case-2)에 대해 각 부재그룹별 현재 단면 두께 대비 두께 변화율을 설계변수로 설정한 유전 알고리즘을 통해 최적설계를 탐색하였다. 그 결과 Case-1의 결과로 현재 가거초 해양과학기지보다 약 217톤 더 가벼운 설계(OPT-1)를 찾았고, Case-2에서는 추가적으로 약 84톤을 경량화하여 현재 대비 약 45%의 무게를 절감한 설계(OPT-2)를 얻을 수 있었다. 결론적으로 레그 내 콘크리트 보강 없이도 극한조건에서 허용응력 및 허용응력비를 모두 만족시킬 수 있는 경량화된 가거초 해양과학기지 설계를 제시하였다.