• Title/Summary/Keyword: Atopic Dermatitis(AD)

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Clinical trial of oral administration of Bifidobacterium longum in dogs with atopic dermatitis

  • Lee, Kang-Il;Yun, Taesik;Ham, Junsang;Lee, Wan-Kyu;Kang, Ji-Houn;Yang, Mhan-Pyo;Kang, Byeong-Teck
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.60 no.1
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    • pp.19-24
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    • 2020
  • This study assessed the effects of probiotics in canine atopic dermatitis (AD). We enrolled 11 client-owned dogs with AD and randomly allocated them to two groups. The probiotics group (n = 7) was prescribed with Bifidobacterium longum while the control group (n = 4) received a placebo powder once a day for 12 weeks. In both groups, the degree of skin lesions was evaluated based on the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI)-4. We also measured the transepidermal water loss (TEWL). We assessed pruritus severity using the pruritus visual analog scale (PVAS). Alteration of consumed drug doses was converted into medication scores. All the evaluation indices were surveyed every 4 weeks. In the probiotics group, there was a significant decrease in the CADESI-4 score at 4, 8, and 12 weeks compared to that of the baseline score (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in TEWL, PVAS, and medication score at each time point and between groups. Although these results showed that Bifidobacterium longum did not reduce pruritus, TEWL, and the dosage of drugs for canine AD, it was effective in improving skin lesions, therefore, probiotics could be considered in canine AD with severe skin symptoms.

The Inhibitory Effect of Premature Citrus unshiu Extract on Atopic Dermatitis In Vitro and In Vivo

  • Kang, Gyeoung-Jin;Han, Sang-Chul;Yi, Eun-Jou;Kang, Hee-Kyoung;Yoo, Eun-Sook
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.173-180
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    • 2011
  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease that is associated with Th2 cell-mediated allergy. The process that leads to infiltration of inflammatory cells into an AD lesion is remarkably dependent on various chemokines, especially TARC (thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17) and MDC (macrophage-derived chemokine/CCL22). Serum levels of these chemokines are over-expressed in AD patients. Citrus unshiu, which is known as Satsuma mandarin, has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammation, and anti-microviral activity. Therefore, we investigated the effect of EtOH extract of premature C. unshiu on AD. We did this using a DNCB-induced AD mouse model. We also tried to confirm an inhibitory effect for premature C. unshiu on the expression of inflammatory chemokines in IFN-${\gamma}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ stimulated HaCaT human keratinocytes. We found that extract of premature C. unshiu reduced DNCB-induced symptoms such as hyperkeratosis, increased skin thickness, and infiltrated mast cells, in our AD-like animal model. The extract decreased levels of IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-4 in ConA-stimulated splenocytes isolated from DNCB-treated mice. Also, extract of premature C. unshiu inhibited mRNA expression and protein production of TARC and MDC through the inhibition of STAT1 phosphorylation. These results suggest that C. unshiu has anti-atopic activity by regulating inflammatory chemokines such as TARC and MDC.

Rifampicin Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Response in vivo and in vitro

  • Kim, Seung Hyun;Lee, Ki Man;Lee, Geum Seon;Seong, Ju-Won;Kang, Tae Jin
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.634-640
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    • 2017
  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder mediated by inflammatory cells, such as macrophages and mast cells. Rifampicin is mainly used for the treatment of tuberculosis. Recently, it was reported that rifampicin has anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressive activities. In this study, we investigated the effect of rifampicin on atopic dermatitis in vivo and in vitro. AD was induced by treatment with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in NC/Nga mice. A subset of mice was then treated with rifampicin by oral administration. The severity score and scratching behavior were alleviated in the rifampicin-treated group. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were also ameliorated in mice treated with rifampicin. We next examined whether rifampicin has anti-atopic activity via suppression of mast cell activation. Rifampicin suppressed the release of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase and histamine from human mast cell (HMC)-1 cultures stimulated with compound 48/80. Treatment with rifampicin also inhibited secretion of inflammatory mediators, such tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) and prostaglandin $D_2$ ($PGD_2$), in mast cells activated by compound 48/80. The mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) was reduced in the cells treated with rifampicin in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that rifampicin can be used to treat atopic dermatitis.

Protective effect of Lycium barbarum leaf extracts on atopic dermatitis: in vitro and in vivo studies

  • Han Sol Lee;Eun Young Bae;Sun Yung Ly
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.855-869
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    • 2023
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic disease with an increasing incidence globally; therefore, there is a growing demand for natural compounds effective in treating dermatitis. In this study, the protective effects of Lycium barbarum leaves with and without chlorophyll (LLE and LLE[Ch-]) on AD were investigated in animal models of AD and HaCaT cells. Further, we investigated whether LLE and LLE(Ch-) show any differences in physiological activity. MATERIALS/METHODS: AD was induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) for three weeks, while NC/Nga mice were fed LLE or LLE(Ch-) extracts for 7 weeks. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and cytokine (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-6, and IL-4) concentrations and the degree of DNA fragmentation in lymphocytes were examined. A histopathological examination (haematoxylin & eosin staining and blue spots of toluidine) of the dorsal skin of mice was performed. To elucidate the mechanism of action, the expression of the thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) were measured in HaCaT cells. RESULTS: Serum IgE and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) levels as well as DNA fragmentation of lymphocytes were significantly decreased in AD-induced mice treated with LLE or LLE(Ch-) compared to those of the control group. The epidermal thickness of the dorsal skin and mast cell infiltration in the LLE group significantly reduced compared to that in the control group. The LLE extracts showed no cytotoxicity up to 1,000 ㎍/mL in HaCaT cells. LLE or LLE(Ch-)-treated group showed a reduction of TARC and MDC in TNF-α-and IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LLE potentially improves inflammation by reducing the expression of chemokines that inhibit T helper 2 cell migration. LLE(Ch-) showed similar effects to LLE on blood levels of IgE, TNF-α and IL-6 and protein expression in HaCat cells, but the ultimate effect of skin improvement was not statistically significant. Therefore, both LLE and LLE(Ch-) can be used as functional materials to alleviate AD, but LLE(Ch-) appears to require more research to improve inflammation.

Study about the Comparison of Korean-Western Medicine on Atopic Dermatitis and Psychological Factors (아토피 피부염과 심리적 요인에 대한 동서의학적 고찰)

  • Noh, Hyeon Min;Park, Sung Gu;Jo, Eun Hee;Jang, Hyun Chul;Kim, Ho kyoung;Park, Hee Jun;Lee, Gil Hee;Park, Min Cheol
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.113-125
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    • 2018
  • This study aimed to investigate the latest trends in the relationship between atopic dermatitis(AD) and psychological factors(PF) and to examine it in korean medicine. We searched MEDLINE for this analysis with the title "atopic dermatitis" AND ("psychology" OR "psychological" OR "mental" OR "emotion" OR "anxiety" OR "depression") in recent 5 years and searched OASIS on the title "atopy" OR "psychology" OR "emotion" from 2002 to 2017. We selected 23 papers on MEDLINE, 7 papers on OASIS. In western medicine, Stress causes changes in the adrenal nerves, endocrine, and immunological mechanisms and exacerbates dermatitis, which is explained by HPA axis and sympathetic nerve axis, neurogenic inflammation, and cholinergic signals. In Korean medicine, Stress(神) exacerbates AD by affecting the five organs, especially the heart(心), causing inflammation(火熱). We studied the link between AD and PF in Western and Korean medicine. More research is needed in the future.

IgG Humoral Immune Response to Extract Proteins of Malassezia Pachydermatis Isolated from a Dog with Atopic Dermatitis (Ad) (아토피 견에서 분리한 M. pachydermatis 추출 단백질에 대한 IgG 체액성 면역 반응의 연구)

  • Kim, Eun-Tae;Kim, Ha-Jung;Lim, Chae-Young;Park, Hee-Myung
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.340-345
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    • 2008
  • Malassezia pachydermatis (M. pachydermatis) is a component of the normal cutaneous flora of the dog and atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common diseases associated with Malassezia overgrowth in dogs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the humoral response (IgG) to extracts of M. pachydermatis of in a dog with AD. We used Western immunoblotting to identify allergens of M. pachydermatis. Gel electrophoresis of extracts proteins and immunoblotting of sera samples in both an atopic dog and a non-atopic dog were compared. Proteins of 18, 21, 26, 32, 34, 38, 40, 42, 46, 58, 64, 75, 85, and 120 kDa were observed in a serum of atopic dog. However, when serum of a non-atopic dog was used, protein bands were not identified except binding in 50 kDa protein. The results of this study indicate that atopic dogs with M. pachydermatis dermatitis may induce IgG response and also suggest that humoral response to M. pachydermatis could be important in pathogenesis of AD in dogs. However, further studies are required to identify roles of humoral response to M. pachydermatis in canine AD.

Analyses on Nutritional and Behavioral Risk Factors of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) in Korean Preschoolers (학령 전 아동에서 아토피피부염의 영양.행동 위험 요인 분석)

  • Shin, Kyung-Ok;Park, Hyun-Suh;Oh, Se-Young
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.39 no.8
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    • pp.795-800
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    • 2006
  • In order to examine nutritional and behavioral risk factors of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Korean preschoolers, we analyzed data on 144 children aged 3-6 years with AD and their 434 healthy counterparts. The data included breast-feeding history, current weight, food behaviors assessed by the Mini Dietary Assessment (MDA), food intake by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and behavior problems by the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale (PKBS). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed after controlling for preschool location and child's age, gender and total energy intake, as appropriate. There was no group difference of child and household characteristics. Breastfeeding history was related to lower AD risk (OR = 0.63, 95% Cl = 0.40-0.99), yet no statistically significant association was found with overweight status. Regarding food behaviors, AD risk was lower in children who drank milk at least one cup per day (OR = 0.52, 95% Cl = 0.35-0.78) and had regular meals (OR = 0.62, 95% Cl =0.42-0.92). Moreover, there were lower risks of AD in the second (OR =0.48, 95% Cl = 0.28-0.82) and the highest (OR = 0.55, 95% Cl = 0.32-0.94) intake quartiles as compared with the lowest quartile of kimchi intake. Similarly, AD risk was lower in the highest quartile of rice (OR = 0.51 Cl = 0.28-0.93) and the second quartile of fruit (OR =0.45, 95% Cl = 0.25-0.82) intakes. AD children had more problems in social interaction (OR = 1.97,95% Cl = 1.26-3.07) and independence (OR = 1.60, 95% Cl = 1.01 -2.54) measures than the healthy controls. Likewise, AD children tended to show more problem behaviors such as anxiety (OR = 1.63, 95% Cl = 0.99-2.69). Our results suggest that nutritional and behavioral dimensions are related to AD risk, yet the case control study design may preclude generalization of these results.

A Research on Quality of Life and Cost of Oriental Medical Care in Adult Patients with Chronic Atopic Dermatitis in Korea (성인 만성 아토피 피부염 환자의 삶의 질과 한방 치료비용에 대한 고찰)

  • Kim, Nam-Kwen;Oh, Yong-Leol;Seo, Eun-Sung;Lee, Dong-Hyo
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.215-223
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    • 2010
  • Objective : The aim of this study is to assess the impact of chronic atopic dermatitis (AD) on quality of life (QoL) as well as the economic burden associated with oriental medical treatment on adult patients with chronic AD in Korea. Methods : The EQ-5D health states, existence and duration of AD in the 2007 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to obtain the study subjects. A questionnaire including the questions on direct medical and direct non-medical costs associated with oriental medical treatment for adult patients with AD was specifically designed. Twenty-nine, members of the Korean Oriental Medical Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Dermatology Society (KOMOODS), completed the questionnaires. Results : The incidence of AD was around 3.09% in 2007 NHANES (sample survey, n=2981). Three months and above in duration of disease was 1.35%. The QoL data revealed as follows: 0.932 in non-chronic AD, 0.916 in chronic AD, and 0.908 in non-AD. We also stratified our analysis by age. The QoL data in 40's was statistically significant (P<0.023). But, no significant differences were reported in 20's, 30's, and 50's. The total direct medical costs of oriental medical treatment for AD was about 2,560,717 Won, and total direct non-medical costs was about 605,125 Won in a year. Conclusions : This study might be applied to find the evidence of economic evaluation in oriental medicine for AD. More rigorous studies are warranted.

Comparison of the presentation of atopic dermatitis induced by trinitrochlorobenzene and house dust mite in NC/Nga mice

  • Kim, Yoon-Hwan;Kim, Tae Hyeong;Kang, Min Soo;Ahn, Jin-Ok;Choi, Jung Hoon;Chung, Jin-Young
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.59.1-59.12
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    • 2020
  • Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. To understand AD, there have been many trials establishing AD animal models. Although various trials to establish AD animal models have been existed, even the mechanisms of AD in animal models are not enough clarified. Objectives: This study assessed AD characteristics induced in Nishiki-nezumi Cinnamon/Nagoya (Nc/Nga) mice following trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) treatment for different periods and house dust mite (HDM) treatment to compare each model's immunological patterns, especially with cytokine antibody array tool. Methods: In this study, we exposed Nc/Nga mice to TNCB or HDM extract to induce AD. Nc/Nga mice were divided into 4 groups: control, TNCB 2 weeks-treated, TNCB 8 weeks-treated, and HDM-treated groups. After AD induction, all mice were evaluated by serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration and serum cytokine antibody assays, scoring of skin lesions, scoring of scratching frequency, and histological analysis. Results: The results showed significant differences between groups in serum IgE concentration, skin lesion scores, and scratching frequency. The analysis results for serum cytokine antibody arrays showed that in the TNCB 8 weeks- and HDM-treated groups, but not in the TNCB 2 weeks-treated group, expressions of genes related to the immune response were enriched. Among the histological results, the skin lesions in the HDM-treated group were most similar to those of AD. Conclusions: We confirmed that immunological pattern of AD mice was markedly different between HDM and TNCB treated groups. In addition, the immunological pattern was quietly different dependent on TNCB treated duration.

Relation of polyunsaturated fatty acid, n-3 fatty acid and n-6 fatty acid intakes and atopic dermatitis in the 9~ 11 year old children: KNHANES 2013 ~ 2015 (9 ~ 11세 아동의 불포화지방산, n-3 지방산 및 n-6 지방산의 섭취와 아토피 피부염 과의 관련성 : 2013 ~ 2015년 국민건강영양조사)

  • Kim, Ji-Myung
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.47-57
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between atopic dermatitis and dietary fat and fatty acid (FA) intakes in 9 ~ 11 year old children. Methods: We analyzed data from the combined 2013 ~ 2015 KNHANES (Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). Subjects were divided into two groups according to atopic dermatitis (AD); with AD and without AD. Data pertaining to macronutrients and FA intakes were obtained by a single 24-h dietary recall. Food sources were identified based on the amounts of total fat and FA consumption according to each food. The associations between each FA intake and atopic dermatitis were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and income levels were adjusted as covariates. Results: Of the participants, 17.69% suffered from atopic dermatitis. Children with AD had significantly lower fat percentages of total energy and higher carbohydrate percentages of total energy than normal children. Percentages of energy and intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), n-3 FA and n-6 FA in children with AD were significantly lower than those in normal children. In the FA, linoleic acid, ${\gamma}$-linoleic acid and ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid levels of children with AD were significantly lower than those of normal children. However, the P/S ratio and n-6/n-3 ratio did not differ significantly between children with AD and normal children. Soybean oil was the main contributor to PUFA, n-3 FA and n-6 FA in both groups, while perilla seed oil and mackerel were the major food sources of n-3 FA in children with atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis was significantly correlated with low-fat and high-carbohydrate diets. The adjusted odds ratios were 0.966, 0.776 and 0.963 for PUFA, n-3 FA, and n-6 FA intakes, respectively. Conclusion: The present study provides reliable evidence regarding the relationship between fat and FA intakes and AD in Korean children 9 ~ 11 years of age.