• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.85-110
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• 2006

The objective of this research is to identify the process of knowledge transfer and to examine the effect of IT human capability on knowledge transfer in information systems outsourcing. Through a field survey, it is found that clients' IT human capability significantly affects on cooperative learning with vendors and knowledge transfer from vendors to clients. The survey also shows that clients' trust with vendors indirectly enhances the knowledge transfer by increasing the cooperative learning. This study provides a solution of knowledge transfer problem in information systems outsourcing. Also it brings out issues that can be accrued in the outsourcing situation, such as clients' dependency on vendors and knowledge asymmetries developed in favor of the vendors. These issues should be topics for future research on information systems outsourcing.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.669-675
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• 2003

This paper examines structural breaks and asymmetries of prices of four domestic petroleum products, i.e., gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and bunker-C, following the changes in the pricing policies pertaining to petroleum products in Korea from the government-controlled pricing system to the market pricing system. We use the monthly wholesale market price data for the sample period between July 1988 and December 2001. Using the four methods: the Chow test, the CUSUM/CUSUMQ tests, the Bayesian approach and the Dufour test, the structural behaviors of the petroleum product prices are examined. We found that structural change occurred in all petroleum products, with the exception of Kerosene, at the point of pricing policy change from government-controlled to the spot-price related pricing system. We, also conducted asymmetric analysis using the Borenstein, Cameron, and Gilbert (1997)'s model and found evidences of price asymmetry for all four product types, but in different pattern for each product.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1998년도 Proceedings ICPE 98 1998 International Conference on Power Electronics
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• pp.871-875
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• 1998

A DSP-based source current control for power conditioner is presented to compensate current harmonics and asymmetries of three-phase four-wire emergency generators caused by nonlinear and/or unbalanced loads. There-phase voltage type converter with split-dc-capacitor is adopted as the power circuit and a new direct source current control method is suggested, which simplifies the controller. The proposed control method shapes the generator current sinusoidally inphase with the voltage and allows the generator to supply maximum power even to single phase loads. An IGBT base lookVA prototype with the controller realized with a DSP (TMS320C32) is built and tested to verify the performance of the power conditioner.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2008

In this paper, adaptive channel borrowing approach fuzzy neural networks for load balancing (ACB-FNN) is presented to maximized the number of served calls and the depending on asymmetries traffic load problem. In a wireless network, the call's arrival rate, the call duration and the communication overhead between the base station and the mobile switch center are vague and uncertain. A new load balancing algorithm with cell involved negotiation is also presented in this paper. The ACB-FNN exhibits better learning abilities, optimization abilities, robustness, and fault-tolerant capability thus yielding better performance compared with other algorithms. It aims to efficiently satisfy their diverse quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. The results show that our algorithm has lower blocking rate, lower dropping rate, less update overhead, and shorter channel acquisition delay than previous methods.

• 천문학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.77-87
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• 1998

The accumulated knowledge of the influence of solar granulation on spectral lines, i.e. their asymmetry, provides a key to analyze stellar spectral line asymmetries. In this paper, a simple line synthesis using a simple 'model' of granulation was calculated. By adjusting the properties of the granule model, the observed imprints of convection on spectral lines can be reproduced. Since we depict convective flows using a continuous function rather than using a few components of flows (cf. Gray and Toner 1985, 1986; dravins 1990), we were able to identify which components of convection are important in line bisector shapes. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Firstly, the intensity contrast (i.e. temperature fluctuation), and the area coverage of up- and down-flows are the two important factors which determine the line bisector shapes. Secondly, on the contrary to the assumption of other studies, the effect of horizontal flows is non-negligible. This exercise provides a qualitative understanding of the effect of convection on spectral lines. This knowledge serves as a guideline for understanding the characteristic difference in convection for stars on either side of the 'Granulation Boundary' (Gray 1982; Gray and Nagel 1989).

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2005

Directional (sinistral) asymmetry (DA) occurs when the traits of one side of a supposedly bilaterally symmetrical organism differ in a random way from those of the other side. We examined asymmetries in gonadal growth traits within both sexes of hatchery reared ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis. The pattern of the gonadal growth from hatching to 320 days after hatching was a type of DA except for the growth in gonad weight from 140 to 180 days after hatching, although the ovary of the right side tended to exhibit more pronounced DA phenomenon.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.355-365
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• 2011

IPTV broadcast channels and video content distribution are increasingly saturating network paths. New solutions based on inter-domain multicast protocols could contribute to the enhancement of multimedia content distribution over the Internet. The aim of this paper is to propose new capabilities for an existing inter-domain multicast protocol, the Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode. We describe the modified protocol and analyze its behavior using newly developed tools based on an open-source software simulator. The resulting protocol does not require topology information, which is advantageous for easier deployment. In addition, the adopted solution avoids inherent problems with inter-domain multicast routing, such as multiple paths and path asymmetries.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2005

Zokian(1993) and Li and Li(1996) developed TARCH(Threshold ARCH) model, considering the asymmetries in volatility. The models are based on Engle(1982)'s ARCH model and Bollerslev(1986)'s GARCH model. However, two TARCH models can be expressed a common model through Box Cox Power transformation, which was used by Higgins and Bera(1992) for developing NARCH(nonlinear ARCH) model. This article shows the PTARCH(Power transformation TARCH) model is necessary in some condition, and it checks the fact that PTARCH model has better performance comparing estimates and RMSE(Root Mean Square Error) with those of Zakoian's TARCH model and Li and Li's TARCH model. PTARCH model would give contribution in asymmetric study as well as heteroscedastic study.

• 천문학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.15-31
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• 1986

We have analyzed Gray's observed mean line bisectors of FS, G0, G2, and G5 normal dwarf stars and interpreted them by computing theoretical line bisectors based on a two stream model. A set of perturbed models has been derived, and their detailed structures on temperature fluctuations and velocity fields are presented as a function of depth, which account for the observed bisectors. From the present study, it is found that the degree of stellar convective overshootings and temperature fluctuations in the upper atmospheres increases towards earlier spectral types. The convection cell size inferred from these models is found to increase also with the advancing earlier type. We demonstrated the usefulness of line bisector analysis as a diagnostic probe for stellar convection.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.813-843
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• 2008

본 논문은 1997년 1월부터 2008년 7월까지의 주별 휘발유가격에 장기적 단기적 가격비대칭성이 존재하는지를 연구한다. 어떤 형태의 가격비대칭이 어느 단계에서 발생하는지 파악하기 위해 생산에서 소비에 이르는 과정을 도매단계와 소매단계로 분리해서 분석한다. TAR와 M-TAR 공적분모형과 거기에 대응하는 비대칭적 오차수정모형에 근거한 분석방법을 이용한다. 도매가격에 있어서는 원유가격 및 환율과 연관된 비대칭성이 두 형태의 오차수정모형에서 장기와 단기에 모두 발견된다. 단기적인 가격비대칭성을 설명하는데는 환율이 원유가격보다 더 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 나타난다. '로켓과 깃털'에서 예상되는 대폭의 즉각적인 조정과는 달리 원유가격이나 환율의 상승은 도매가격의 인상 후 2주가 되어서야 통계적으로 유의한 주된 영향을 미친다. 그리고 특이하게도 비대칭적으로 원유가격이나 환율의 하락은 같은 기에 도매가격에 통계적으로 유의한 효과를 전혀 미치지 못한다. 소매가격에 있어서는 도매가격과 관련된 비대칭성이 오직 장기에서만 드러난다. 단기적으로는 대칭적으로 가격조정이 이루어진다고 할 수 있다. 도매단계에서 발견된 장기적 비대칭성과는 대조적으로 균형으로부터의 음(-)의 이탈이 양(+)의 이탈보다 장기적 균형 수준을 향해서 더 빠르게 조정되는데 이는 소비자에게는 불리한 현상으로 보인다. 국내 주별 휘발유가격 분석에서 TAR 과정 및 M-TAR 과정으로 나타낸 장기적 가격비대칭이 존재하는 것을 추정된 threshold를 이용해 확언한 것 그리고 장기 및 단기의 가격비대칭을 같은 모형에서 분석한 것은 본 연구가 처음으로 시도했다는 의미를 가진다.