• 영어영문학
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.475-495
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• 2009

In this paper, I discuss some asymmetries of bracketing paradoxes from a corpus-based perspective. Through a critical examination of previous analyses of bracketing paradoxes, it is demonstrated that the cases of apparent asymmetries of bracketing paradoxes are consistently accounted for when combined with the frequency-based parsability in morphological processing. Based on the relative frequency, this paper argues that bracketing paradoxes are well-atttested when their immediate bases are frequent and productive enough to be accessed as a unit and stored as such in memory. This is an extension of Hay 2002 which conducted a comprehensive survey of differential frequency effects in suffix pairs. A frequency-based approach to bracketing paradoxes adopted in this paper can be a challenge to the conventional formal theory by assuming a major role of language use and have the potential to significantly advance our understanding of the asymmetries observed in the real language world.

• 이베로아메리카
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.57-105
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• 2019

본 논문은 남미공동시장의 역내 비대칭성의 특징과 해소를 위한 지역개발협력 중 FOCEM의 사례를 다루고 있다. 서던콘지역 국가들은 남미공동 시장의 형성을 통해 역내 균등 성장을 기대하였다. 그러나 출범 초기부터 구조적 비대칭성을 지니고 있었던 남미공동시장은 통합이 진척됨에 따라 정책적 비대칭성 또한 노출하였다. 이러한 구조적·정책적 비대칭성은 기본적으로 역내 '특수지위'를 점하고 있는 브라질의 남미공동시장에 대한 압도적 영향 때문이다. 이러한 역내 비대칭성에 대해 파라과이는 최약소국으로서 차별적 대우를, 우루과이는 역내 시장자유화의 동등한 적용을 원하며 아르헨티나는 글로벌가치사슬에 기반한 역내 생산통합을 강조한다. 비대칭 성문제에서 있어 일종의 청원자의 위치에 있는 파라과이, 우루과이, 아르헨티나에 비해 브라질은 민족적 이해에 따라 여러 선택을 할 수 있다. 이러한 상황 하에서 남미공동시장은 역내 비대칭성 해소를 위해 일종의 지역재분배기제인 FOCEM(구조조정수렴기금)을 설립하였다. FOCEM은 파라과이의 예에서 보듯이 일부 개발지표의 개선을 통해 개발격차해소를 가져왔지만 여전히 재정상의 한계와 시행력 부족 등이 문제로 남아 있다. 지역재분배 기제의 활성화와 비대칭성 해소를 위한 정책 조정을 위해서는 초국적 거버넌스를 통한 적극적인 정책이 요구되지만 이는 일정 정도의 주권의 위임이 요청하기에 회원국들은 이에 대해 주저하는 상황이다. 남미공동시장의 역내 비대칭성에 대한 해소 노력에도 불구하고 역내 비대칭성과 개발격차는 여전히 문제로 남아 있으며 또한 개별 국가 내 불균등 또한 난제로 남아 있다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2008

Objective : This study examined whether major depressive disorder patients with anxiety traits displayed abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha asymmetries. Methods : Resting EEG was recorded in 11 outpatients with major depressive disorder (6 of whom had a high anxiety trait while 5 exhibited a low anxiety trait) and 6 controls. Results : In contrast to the controls, within the major depressive disorder patient group, comorbid anxiety disorder showed alpha asymmetry indicative of less activation over right than over left temporal sites. Patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder but no anxiety disorder showed a reduced temporal alpha asymmetry, supporting the potential importance of evaluating anxiety in studies of regional brain activation, in depressed patients. Conclusion : These findings suggest that anxiety is associated with brain hypoactivation, especially with right temporal hypoactivation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권7호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2020

The study investigates herding behavior in cryptocurrencies in different situations. This study employs daily returns of major cryptocurrencies listed in CCI30 index and sub-major cryptocurrencies and major stock returns listed in Dow-Jones Industrial Average Index, from 2015 to 2018. Quantile regression method is employed to test the herding effect in market asymmetries, inter-dependency and intra-dependency cases. Findings confirm the presence of herding in cryptocurrency in upper quantiles in bullish and high volatility periods because of overexcitement among investors, which lead to high volume trading. Major cryptocurrencies cause herding in sub-major cryptocurrencies, but it is a unidirectional relation. However, no intra-dependency effect among cryptocurrencies and equity market is observed. Results indicate that in the CKK model herding exists at upper quantile in market that may be due when the market is moving fast, continuously trading, and bullish trend are prevailing. Further analysis confirms this narrative as, at upper quantile, the beta of bullish regime is negative and significant, meaning the main source of market herding is a bullish trend in investment, which increases market turbulence and gives investors opportunity to herd. Also, we found that herding in cryptocurrencies exits in high volatility periods, but this herding mostly depends on market activity, not market movement.

• 대한치과교정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과교정학회 1997년도 제30회 학술대회
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• pp.15-16
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• 1997

• 천문학회지
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• 제36권spc1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2003

We introduce the two-dimensional spectral observations of solar flares using the Solar Tower Tele-scope of Nanjing University, China. In particular, we introduce three typical events and the methods used to analyze the data. (1) The flare of November 11, 1998, which is a limb flare. We derive the temperature and density within the flaring loop using non-LTE calculations. The results show that the loop top may be hotter and denser than other parts of the loop, which may be a result of magnetic reconnect ion above the loop. (2) The flare of March 10, 2001, which is a white-light flare that shows an emission enhancement at the near infrared continuum. We propose a model of non-thermal electron beam heating plus backwarming to interpret the observations. (3) The flare of September 29, 2002, which shows unusual line asymmetries at one flare kernel. The line asymmetries are caused by an upward moving plasma that is accelerated and heated during the flare development.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.338-338
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• 2006

Equilibrium behavior of ABA triblock copolymer with different lengths of endblock A chains was examined using self-consistent field theory by Matsenl. It was found that at small asymmetries, the A block bidispersity reduces the stretching energy of the A domains. This effect causes a slight increase in the domain spacing and shifts the order-order transitions toward higher A volume fractions. At large asymmetries, the short A blocks pull free of their domains allowing their B blocks to relax. A feature of microphase-separated structure of asymmetric poly(methyl acyrylate) (PMA)-b-polystyrene-b-PMA using SAXS, DSC and ESR was experimentally examined. These measurements gave an evidence of the solubilization of short A chains to the B domains.

• 천문학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.247-249
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• 2001

The accretion disks are usually supposed symmetric to reflection on the Z=0 plane. Asymmetries in the flow are be ver-y small in the vicinity of the compact accretor. However their existence can have a important role in the case of subkeplerian accretion flows onto black holes. These flows lead to strong heating and even to the formation of shocks close to the centrifugal barrier. Large asymmetries are due to the development of the KH instability triggered by the small turbulences at the layer separating the incoming flow from the out coming shocked flow. The consequence of this phenomenon is the production of asymmetric outflows of matter and quasi periodic oscillations of the inner disk regions up and down the Z=0 plane.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-76
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• 2007

Case markers in Korean are omissible in colloquial speech. Previous discourse studies of Caseless bare NPs in Korean show that the information structure of zero Nominative not only differs from that of overt Nominative but it also differs from that of zero Accusative in many respects. This paper aims to provide a basis for these semantic/pragmatic properties of Caseless NPs through the syntactic difference between bare subjects and bare objects: namely, the former are left-dislocated NPs, whereas the latter form complex predicates with the subcategorizing verbs. Our analysis will account for the facts that (i) the distribution of bare subject NPs are more restricted than that of bare object NPs; (ii) bare subject NPs must be specific or topical; (iii) Acc-marked NPs in canonical position tend to be focalized.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2013

Objective: To compare three-dimensionally the midfacial hard- and soft-tissue asymmetries between the affected and the unaffected sides and determine the relationship between the hard tissue and the overlying soft tissue in patients with nonsyndromic complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis. Methods: The maxillofacial regions of 26 adults (18 men, 8 women) with nonsyndromic UCLP were scanned by CBCT and reconstructed by three-dimensional dental imaging. The frontal-view midfacial analysis was based on a $3{\times}3$ grid of vertical and horizontal lines and their intersecting points. Two additional points were used for assessing the dentoalveolar area. Linear and surface measurements from three reference planes (Basion-perpendicular, midsagittal reference, and Frankfurt horizontal planes) to the intersecting points were used to evaluate the anteroposterior, transverse, and vertical asymmetries as well as convexity or concavity. Results: Anteroposteriorly, the soft tissue in the nasolabial and dentoalveolar regions was significantly thicker and positioned more anteriorly on the affected side than on the unaffected side (p < 0.05). The hard tissue in the dentoalveolar region was significantly retruded on the affected side compared with the unaffected side (p < 0.05). The other midfacial regions showed no significant differences. Conclusions: With the exception of the nasolabial and dentoalveolar regions, no distinctive midfacial hard- and soft-tissue asymmetries exist between the affected and the unaffected sides in patients with nonsyndromic UCLP.