• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among professional self-concept, critical thinking disposition and clinical competence in nursing students. Method: The participants in the study were 505 nursing students, 262 associate degree nursing students and 243 baccalaureate nursing students, all in schools in Gwangju or South Jeonla Province. A questionnaire survey was conducted from April 25 to May 27, 2011. Statistical processing was performed with SPSS 18.0 Version and the data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple stepwise regression. Results: There was a positive correlation among clinical competence and professional self-concept, critical thinking disposition. The most effective factor for clinical competence was professional practice in professional self-concept, followed by prudence and objectivity in critical thinking disposition. The total explanation of clinical competence was 46.2%. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate confirm that professional self-concept and critical thinking disposition have an effect on clinical competence in nursing students. Accordingly in order to improve clinical competence, it is necessary to provide practice environment and educational curriculum that enhance the professional self-concept and critical thinking disposition of nursing students.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.589-611
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• 2016

The primary objectives of this research are to investigate the energy factor response of steel moment resisting frame (MRF) systems equipped with fuses subject to ground motions and to develop an energy-based evaluation approach for evaluating the damage-control behavior of the system. First, the energy factor of steel MRF systems with fuses below the resilience threshold is derived utilizing the energy balance equation considering bilinear oscillators with significant post-yielding stiffness ratio, and the effect of structural nonlinearity on the energy factor is investigated by conducting a parametric study covering a wide range of parameters. A practical transformation approach is also proposed to associate the energy factor of steel MRF systems with fuses with classic design spectra based on elasto-plastic systems. Then, the energy balance is extended to structural systems, and an energy-based procedure for damage-control evaluation is proposed and a damage-control index is also derived. The approach is then applied to two types of steel MRF systems with fuses to explore the applicability for quantifying the damage-control behavior. The rationality of the proposed approach and the accuracy for identifying the damage-control behavior are demonstrated by nonlinear static analyses and incremental dynamic analyses utilizing prototype structures.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.94-104
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• 2004

Purpose: This descriptive survey was undertaken to find out the offering types of Physical Examination and Health Assessment course, student's ability to utilize web-based multimedia, and the basic knowledge on physical examination and health assessment in students attending baccalaureate(BSN) and associate degree(AD) programs in nursing, RN-BSN completion programs, and medical school. Method: 77 nursing programs in Korea were surveyed for the information on Physical Examination and Health Assessment courses, and the basic knowledge were tested on 169 nursing and medical students. Results: Majority of BSN(90.69%) and AD(85.29%) programs were offering Physical Examination and Health Assessment courses in students's sophomore years. Majority(95.58%) of programs were using face to face teaching method where as only 4.41% were using web-based multimedia programs. Basic knowledge on Physical Examination and Health Assessment were highest among students in medial school(14.04%) and RN-BSN(13.15%) compared to BSN(8.96%) or AD(8.06%) program. Conclusion: Web-based multimedia contents on Physical Examination and Health Assessment should be developed and should be integrated into the nursing curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2018

Objective: The human body is often modelled as a spring-mass system. Lower extremity stiffness has been considered to be one of key factor in the performance enhancement of running, jumping, and hopping involved sports activities. There are several different classification of lower extremity stiffness consisting of vertical stiffness, leg stiffness, joint stiffness, as well as muscle and tendon stiffness. The primary purpose of this paper was to review the literature and describe different stiffness models and discuss applications of stiffness models while engaging in sports activities. In addition, this paper provided a current update of the lower extremity literature as it investigates the relationships between lower extremity stiffness and both functional performance and injury. Summary: Because various methods for measuring lower extremity stiffness are existing, measurements should always be accompanied by a detailed description including type of stiffness, testing method and calculation method. Moreover, investigator should be cautious when comparing lower extremity stiffness from different methods. Some evidence highlights that optimal degree of lower extremity stiffness is required for successful athletic performance. However, the actual magnitude of stiffness required to optimize performance is relatively unexplored. Direct relationship between lower extremity stiffness and lower extremity injuries has not clearly been established yet. Overall, high stiffness is potentially associate risk factors of lower extremity injuries although some of the evidence is controversial. Prospective injures studies are necessary to confirm this relationship. Moreover, further biomechanical and physiological investigation is needed to identify the optimal regulation of the lower limb stiffness behavior and its impact on athletic performance and lower limb injuries.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.89-92
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• 2000

Acute gastric volvulus is uncommon but surgically emergent. Normally, the stomach is held in position by four ligaments: gastrophrenic, gastrohepatic, gastrosplenic, and gastrocolic. In addition, relative fixation of the pylorus and esophagus provides further anchorage. A normal diaphragm also helps to prevent abnormal displacement of abdominal viscera and development of gastric volvulus. Volvulus may be organoaxial, mesenteroaxial, or a combination of both. Organoaxial volvulus is the rotation of the stomach around an axis extending from the hiatus of the diaphragm to the pylorus. Mesenteroaxial volvulus is the rotation of the stomach around an axis transecting the lesser and greater curvatures of the stomach. The symptoms of gastric volvulus depend on its type, the extent and degree of rotation and obstruction, and associated defects. Classic clinical features of acute gastric volvulus, as by Borchardt in 1904, include unproductive retching, acute, localized epigastric distention, and the inability to pass a NG tube. The presence and severity of these features depend on the degree of gastric obstruction of both the gastroesophageal junction and pyloric outlet. It may be suspected on plain abdominal radiographs and usually confirmed by upper gastrointestinal series. Acute volvulus requires immediate surgical repair, fixation to avoid recurrence, and correction of any underlying anatomic abnormality. Any associate defect should be repaired and the stomach must be fixed. The authors report a case of an 3-year-old girl who had a mesenterioaxial gastric volvulus.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.232-238
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• 2005

There are growing needs for improving the general performances of the domestic working environment evaluation organizations. For this purpose, introduction of laboratory accreditation program has been suggested. This study was conducted as a part of this effort. With a questionnaire developed in accordance with the ISO/IEC 17025, the current status of industrial hygiene (IH) laboratories in terms of manpower, management and technical aspects. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average working staffs' number of the working environment evaluation organizations was $6.8{\pm}3.3$ persons. In addition, 49% of all organizations are run by less than 5 persons. This suggests that manpower of Korean IH laboratories is very limited. 2. IH laboratories surveyed in this study obtained 53% of the points by the international standard. And there is significant correlation between the number of staffing and total scores (P<0.05). 3. The period of work experience is one of the most important factors to determine the working capability. The average year of work experience of the laboratories' directors was $13.5{\pm}5.3$ years. Directors with more wok experiences obtained higher scores on the questions that ask to prove the appropriateness of the research methodology (p<0.05). 4. As for academic qualifications of laboratory directors, 14% had Ph.D., 31% with Master's, 29% with Bachelor's, and 4% had Associate degree. There was significant correlation between the total scores and the general managers' academic background (p<0.05). The 27% of laboratory directors have majored in either industrial hygiene or health, 8% majored in medicine, another 8% majored environmental studies, and 6% majored in chemistry. 5. Only 14% of all IH laboratories surveyed employ directors with Certified Industrial Hygienist licence, 41% have general managers with Certified Associate Industrial Hygienist (Level 1) licence, and 45% of all laboratories either employ directors without relevant qualification or did not respond. When the laboratory manger holds relevant qualification, laboratory health and safety management was better (p<0.05). 6. When compared to the general international standard in terms of the management, and 55% in terms of technological level.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.427-447
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• 2011

The progressive collapse phenomenon is generally regarded as dynamic. Due to the impracticality of nonlinear dynamic computations for practitioners, an interest arises for the development of equivalent static pushover procedures. The present paper proposes a methodology to identify such a procedure for sudden column removals, using energetic evaluations to determine the pushover loads to apply. In a dynamic context, equality between the cumulated external and internal works indicates a vanishing kinetic energy. If such a state is reached, the structure is sometimes assumed able to withstand the column removal. Approximations of these works can be estimated using a static computation, leading to an estimate of the displacements at the zero kinetic energy configuration. In comparison with other available procedures based on such criteria, the present contribution identifies loading patterns to associate with the zero-kinetic energy criterion to avoid a single-degree-of-freedom idealisation. A parametric study over a family of regular steel structures of varying sizes uses non-linear dynamic computations to assess the proposed pushover loading pattern for the cases of central and lateral ground floor column failure. The identified quasi-static loading schemes are shown to allow detecting nearly all dynamically detected plastic hinges, so that the various beams are provided with sufficient resistance during the design process. A proper accuracy is obtained for the plastic rotations of the most plastified hinges almost independently of the design parameters (loads, geometry, robustness), indicating that the methodology could be extended to provide estimates of the required ductility for the beams, columns, and beam-column connections.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.1222-1227
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• 2000

Objective : Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), an endothelial cell specific cytokine, is a potent angiogenic growth factor implicated in the tumor angiogenesis and increases vascular permeability dramatically. Peritumoral brain edema(PTBE) occurs in 40-60% of meningiomas. Many causative factors have been investigated, but the mechanism of PTBE associate with meningioma is unclear. VEGF has been implicated as one of the causative factors of PTBE. This study was designed to determine whether the extent of VEGF expression is correlated with degree of PTBE in meningiomas. Methods : Meningioma tissue samples from 40 patients(7 men and 33 women, mean age $53{\pm}13years$) who underwent surgery were examined retrospectively for the expression of VEGF immunohistochemically. The extent of PTBE was estimated by using preoperative CT or MRI as an edema index(EI). In addition to VEGF, several causative factors including tumor size, location, histologic type, microvasculature(CD31) were compared with EI. Results : Twenty-six meningiomas demonstrated PTBE, and the other 14 did not. Of the 40 patients of meningiomas, 28 were positive(17 were 1+ and 11 were 2+) for VEGF. The EI increased significantly just as VEGF was strongly expressed(p=0.006). Microvascular proliferation was also closely correlated with the extent of peritumoral brain edema(p<0.05). Conclusion : These data suggest that VEGF expression and microvascular proliferation are closely correlated with PTBE in meningioma.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.193-207
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• 2008

The study investigates the co-authorship networks of MIS Quarterly as one of the leading journals in IS field and examines patterns of collaboration networks of the intellectuals. These issues are addressed through a systematic Social Network Analysis (SNA) of 242 articles published from 1996 to 2004 in MIS Quarterly. Results of co-authorship network analysis indicate that the whole incomplete network has a low degree of density. Thus, we analyzed three biggest sub-networks to find out who the key players of each sub-network are. Then, following the keyword classification scheme, relevant data from the articles were collected and coded to analyze three major co-authorship networks of MIS Quarterly community. Some implications are drawn from different research keywords of each sub-network.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.375-383
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify differences in Smartphone adiction and communcation ablity according to the degree of emotional intelligence in nursing students. Subjects were 228 associate nursing students from the population that atttend 2 university in B and C city. The data were collected using self-report questionnaire from November 28 to December 16, 2016. Data were analyzed by frequencies, Independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation using SPSS Win 23.0. Emotional intelligence level were no significantly correlation with smartphone adiction. But the subscales of emotional intelligence(use of emotionals and regulator of emotionals) were a negative correlation smartphone addiction in nursing students. The higher the level of use of emotionals and regulator of emotionals, the lower the smartphone adiction. Emotional intelligence level were positive correlation with communcation ablity in nursing students. The higher the level of emotional intelligence, the higher the communication ability. Therefore, To reduce smartphone adiction and to increase communcation ablity of nursing students, it is necessary to develop and test the program for increase emotional intelligence level of nursing students.