• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권5호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 셀룰러 시스템 상향 링크에서 가상 여러입력 여러출력 (multiple input multiple output: MIMO)를 적용할 때 사용자 쌍 선택 및 자원 할당 문제를 고려한다. 다중 접속 방식으로 LTE (long term evolution) 시스템의 SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access)보다 자원 할당이 유연한 DFTS-OFDMA(discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal FDMA) 방식을 적용하고 서로 다른 제약 조건에서 전송률을 최대로 하는 사용자 쌍 및 자원 할당 최적화 문제를 공식화하였다. 이 때 비연속 부반송파 자원을 할당하고 중복 사용자 할당을 허용하는 DFTS-OFDMA 방식은 SC-FDMA보다 전달해야 할 자원 할당 제어 정보 양은 늘어나지만 최적화 해를 쉽게 얻을 수 있고 전송률을 향상시킴을 볼 수 있다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.205-215
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• 2004

The characteristic ratio assignment (CRA) method〔1〕 is new polynomial approach which allows to directly address the transient responses such as overshoot and speed of response time in time domain specifications. The method is based on the relationships between time response and characteristic ratios($\alpha_i$ ) and generalized time constant (T), which are defined in terms of coefficients of characteristic polynomial. However, even though the CRA can apply to developing a linear controller that meets good transient responses, there are still some fundamental questions to be explored. For the purpose of this, we have analyzed several sensitivities of a linear system with respect to the changes of coefficients itself and $\alpha_i$ of denominator polynomial. They are (i) the unnormalized root sensitivity : to determine how the poles change as $\alpha_i$ changes, and (ii) the function sensitivity to determine the sensitivity of step response to the change of o, and to analyze the sensitivity of frequency response as o, changes. As an other important result, it is shown that, under any fixed T and coefficient of the lowest order of s in denominator, the step response is dominantly affected merely by $\alpha_1, alpha_2 and alpha_3$ regardless of the order of denominator higher than 4. This means that the rest of the$\alpha_i$ s have little effect on the step response. These results provide some useful insight and background theory when we select $\alpha_i$ and T to compose a reference model, and in particular when we design a low order controllers such as PID controller.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제73권
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• pp.21-42
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• 2017

A BPO is an irrevocable undertaking given by an Obligor Bank acting on behalf of the buyer to a Recipient Bank acting on behalf of the seller to pay on satisfaction of certain specified conditions. There have been a Trade Service Utility(TSU), a Transaction Matching Application(TMA) and ISO 20022 TSMT messages that core electronic technical systems linked to the BPO. As a key usefulness of the BPO, it brings to market an alternative means of satisfying the risk mitigation, financing and information management needs of banks and businesses engaged in trade. That is, corporates can spread the risk among multiple Obligor Banks by requesting multiple BPOs for the same trade transaction not to exceed the value of the initial transaction. Since the BPO replaces the manual document checking process with the electronic matching of data, buyers and sellers will benefit from significantly increased accuracy and objectivity. By using BPO, buyers and sellers can become trusted counterparties by demonstrating reliability and giving sellers the assurance of being paid on time as per the payment terms and conditions agreed. When compared to L/C, the BPO requires submission of data only. This requires a change of practice of those accustomed to dealing with physical documentation. The beneficiary of a BPO is the Recipient Bank which is always the Seller's Bank. In the meantime, banks will need to agree between themselves that the URBPO 750 will be applied, modified or excluded. However, customers of banks will face low transactional costs due to a fully automated process and standardized data formats used in international trade documentation. There is no amendment and cancellation rules in the URBPO 750s, but only have Assignment of Proceeds rules. As a result, the BPO is likely to enable new business opportunities, lower costs, fast transaction process and strengthen key customer relationships.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2014

북방전복 선발육종에 필요한 친자확인 및 가계분석을 효율적으로 실험하기 위하여 microsatellite multiplex PCR 기술을 개발하였다. 개발한 mutiplex PCR 기술은 6개 microsatellite locus Hdh145, Hdh512, Hdh1321, Awb017, Awb083 및 Awb098을 한번의 PCR 증폭으로 다중분석이 가능하다. 이 기술은 높은 친자확인 성공률과 가계분석에 있어서도 모두 멘델의 분리법칙을 따르고 있다. 더욱이 대량의 시료처리를 필요로 하는 경우에 있어서도 시간절약 및 비용 절감뿐만 아니라 샘플 처리과정의 간소화가 가능하여 handling errors를 줄일 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 multiplex PCR은 친자확인, 가계분석, 집단유전학 및 계통분류학 분석에 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2005

DRAM에 의해 지원되는 페이지(page) 접근 모드나 버스트(burst) 접근 모드를 신중하게 이용하면 DRAM의 접근 시간(access latency) 및 접근 시에 소모되는 에너지를 줄일 수 있음이 많은 설계들에서 입증되었다. 최근에는 변수들을 메모리에 적절하게 배열함으로써 페이지 접근 횟수와 버스트 접근 회수론 각각 극대화시킬 수 있음이 밝혀졌다. 그러나 이러한 최적화문제는 쉽게 최적의 해를 구할 수 없다고 알려졌기 때문에. 주로 간단한 greedy 휴리스틱을 이용해서 풀려졌다. 본 논문은 기존의 방법보다 더 좋은 결과를 얻기 위해서 0-1 선형 프로그래밍(ILP)을 근간으로 한 기법을 제안한다. 벤치마크 프로그램들을 이용한 실험 결과를 보면, 제안된 알고리즘은 각각 OFU(order of first use) 방식과, [2]의 방식, [3]의 방식에 비해 평균적으로 각각 32.3%, 15.1%, 3.5%만큼 페이지 접근 회수론 증가시켰으며, 또한 각각84.4%, 113.5%, 10.1%만큼의 버스트 접근 회수를 증가시켰다.

• 대기
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

The Atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) derived using infrared (IR) channel imagery of geostationary satellites have been utilized widely for real-time weather analysis and data assimilation into global numerical prediction model. As the horizontal resolution of sensors on-board satellites gets higher, it becomes possible to identify atmospheric motions induced by convective clouds ($meso-{\beta}$ and $meso-{\gamma}$ scales). The National Institute of Meteorological Research (NIMR) developed the high resolution visible (HRV) AMV algorithm to detect mesoscale atmospheric motions including ageostrophic flows. To retrieve atmospheric motions smaller than $meso-{\beta}$ scale effectively, the target size is reduced and the visible channel imagery of geostationary satellite with 1 km resolution is used. For the accurate AMVs, optimal conditions are decided by investigating sensitivity of algorithm to target selection and correction method of height assignment. The results show that the optimal conditions are target size of 32 km ${\times}$ 32 km, the grid interval as same as target size, and the optimal target selection method. The HRV AMVs derived with these conditions depict more effectively tropical cyclone OMAIS than IR AMVs and the mean speed of HRV AMVs in OMAIS is slightly faster than that of IR AMVs. Optimized mesoscale AMVs are derived for 6 months (Feb. 2010-Jun. 2010) and validated with radiosonde observations, which indicates NIMR's HRV AMV algorithm can retrieve successfully mesoscale atmospheric motions.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.154-163
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• 2013

Current principles of designating a smoking area within a non-smoking area rely on mere compartmentalization. This causes non-smokers aversion against smokers and smokers complaints about anti-smoking policies, which means both of them are not satisfied with the current scheme. In addition, such a system, far from the original intent of the law, does not provide appropriate respect for people's rights. The biggest problem of the current scheme is that smoking areas are not separated from non-smoking areas. Japan has continued installing independent smoking areas since 2002 and witnessed a decrease in the smoking rate. The country's success is attributable to: the state's active intervention in connection with enterprises; continuous environmental improvements and creation of goods; 'smoking etiquette' campaigns; and the sociality and group consciousness of Japanese people. It is recognized that the synergy of the designation of independent smoking areas and such multi-faceted efforts has led to the nation's accomplishment. Hence, it is required to install independent smoking areas in non-smoking areas in Seoul in order to respect the rights of smokers and non-smokers and resolve conflicts between them. It is not suitable to merely model after Japan's case, however, studies and guidelines that are tailored to Korea's own environment and social atmosphere are required. To ensure that the people recognize the necessity for smoking areas, a social consensus is formed and proper smoking areas are established in a systemic manner, a system for that purpose should connote a symbol of the social consensus and consequent guidelines should take physical elements, human activities and semantic assignment into consideration. This study aims to present basic guidelines to install separated smoking areas, which will keep distance between smokers and non-smokers, form a social consensus and establish a sound smoking culture. These would ensure that the rights of both smokers and non-smokers are fully respected and that government policies are trusted by the people.

• 한국기술혁신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국기술혁신학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.413-425
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• 2003

Information Technology is the kernel technology deciding the industrial standard of one nation, and biotechnology will be the main technology of next generation. Based on this fact, a lot of efforts were made to industrialize them. Nano Technology is beginning to position itself as the kernel fusion technology, and its usage and popularity is expanding. Environmental and Energy Technology is a must-have strategic technology considering the increase demand of new energy development, the international environment correspondence, the environment-friendly production, and so forth. Space Technology is the field, which will contribute to raise the domestic component and system technology to the next level. In 2001, new technology research development costs total of 1 trillion 32 billion won in the following fields; 437.82 billion won in IT, 88.457 billion won in BT, 46.799 billion won in NT, 315.682 billion won in ET, and 112 billion won in ST. from component ratio, IT forms 42% which is the most, 31% for ET and in order of BT, ST and NT. ETRI and KISTI are concentrating on IT, KIBB is on BT, KAERI, KIER, KERI and KBSI are focusing on ET, and KIMM, KRISS, KRICT and KORDI is participating together in 4∼5 new technology such as IT, BT, NT and ET. Funds for research development costs in 5 new technology fields of 13 contribution (year) are consisted as follows; The Office for Government Policy Coordination has contributed 131 billion won (13%), 387 billion won (37%) by MOST, 256 billion won (25%) by Ministry of Information and Communication, 67 billion won (6%) by Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, 19% by others and the industrial world. < Strategy for Technology Advancing > o Promotion of comprehensive contributing (year) new technology development research plan project o Increase research efficiency by promoting new technology development project connected with peculiar projects of organization by contribution (year) o Formation of superior research group by technology and introduction of operation system for research accumulation are needed. o Technology demand-oriented assignment deduction and promotion of research development project connected with intermediate long term objective o National will and investment extension of research development costs, training and popularization of professionals, commercialization promotion with efficient control for research plan and result.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2018

접근제어 목적은 컴퓨팅 자원을 불법적인 사용자로부터 유출, 수정, 파괴와 같은 비합법적인 행위로부터 원천적으로 차단하고 보호하는데 있다. 클라우드 컴퓨팅 환경이 가상화 기술을 활용한 자원공유 서비스로 확장됨에 따라 동적이고 안전한 클라우드 기반 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 새로운 보안 모델과 접근제어 기법이 요구되어진다. 본 가상화 관리 융합접근제어 모델은 역할기반 접근제어 기법에 동적 권한 배정 기능을 적용하여 유연한 사용자 권한 부여 기능을 제공하였다. 또한 보안등급과 규칙에 의거한 접근제어 기법을 적용함으로써 공유개념의 가상머신 시스템에서 권한충돌 문제 해결과 물리적 자원의 안전성을 보장토록 하였다. 본 모델은 안전하고 효율적인 클라우드 기반의 가상화 관리 시스템을 구축하는데 도움이 될 것이며 향후 다단계 특성을 반영한 메카니즘으로 확장될 필요성이 있다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.399-407
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• 1995

회토류와 악티늄족 원소의 현장분석을 목적으로 휴대용 극미량 분석용 원자 분광계인 Electrothermal-Hollow Cathode Glow Discharge Spectrometry(Et-HCGDS)가 제작되었다.본 분광계의 기본 구조는 전기열과 글로우 방전에 기초를 두고 있으며 본 분광계가 미량의 원소분석에도 유용함을 실험적으로 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 새로이 제작된 Et-HCGDS라는 글로우방전 시스템을 사용하여 공기의 저온 플라스마를 만들고 여기서 얻은 공기의 방출 스펙스럼에 관하여 연구하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 Et-HCGDS를 사용할시에 공기가 흐름가스로 유용하며 이 경우 대기의 분석도 쉽게 이루어질 수 있음을 알았다. 글로우 방전을 이용하여 관찰한 공기의 방출 스펙트럼의 분석을 통하여 볼 때 거의 질소에 의한 방출이 전 자외선과 가시광선 영역에서 골고루 나타남을 살펴보았다. 공기를 흐름가스로 사용할 시에도 여러파장 영역에서 미량 분석이 가능함을 알았다. 이 결과는 앞으로 Et-HCGDS를 사용하여 현장에서 공기만을 사용하여 분석을 수행할 경우에 필요한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있으리라 본다. 본 연구에서 수행한 공기 방출 스펙트럼의 분석은 대기 분석 및 물질 분석에도 중요한 기초자료로 쓰이게 되리라 기대하며 이와 더불어 방출을 이용한 분광분석에서 공기로 인한 간섭 스펙트럼등을 이해하는 경우에도 중요한 참고자료로 활용되리라 본다.