• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the method of using coraco-clavicular (C-C) sling with modified Phemister operation by postoperative clinical results, radiologic analysis and complications. Materials and Methods: 33 patients of acromioclavicular joint dislocation were included in this study. Thirteen patients were treated with simple C-C sling method and twenty patients were treated with modified Phemister operation. The assesment of clinical and radiological evaluation were performed and the final results were examined by using the Weitzman's classification. Results: In the final result of C-C sling method group, forward elevation $161^{\circ}$, external rotation $70^{\circ}$, internal rotation T8 level, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 83.3 points were checked. In modified Phemister operation group, forward elevation $155^{\circ}$, external rotation $67^{\circ}$, internal rotation T6 level, VAS 83.8 points were checked. In coracoclavicular distance of C-C sling method group, pre-operation 12.82 mm and last follow up 8.37 mm were checked. In modified Phemister operation group, pre-operation 12.8 mm and last follow up 7.7 mm were checked. In functional evaluation by the Weitzman criteria, C-C sling group had excellent 8, good 1, fair 1 and modified Phemister group had excellent 13, good 4, fair 3. Conclusion: C-C sling method would be the better than the Modified Phemister operation because of short operation time and smaller skin incision.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.8 s.114
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• pp.675-683
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• 2006

From Quality Management System in early 1990, through Safety Management System in 1998, to Maritime Security System in 2002, the shipping/port industries had no choice but to accept such management systems as occasion demands or compulsory in recent 10 years. Furthermore some companies have introduced other system such as Environment Management System(ISO 14000), Occupational Health & Safety Assesment Series(OHSAS 18000) additionally. But most companies have introduced & implemented the quality, safety & security management system generally. This paper is to suggest the effective measurement & improvement plan of Quality Management System.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 1986

This experiment was undertaken to examine the effects of HIS treatment on the motility and acrosome reaction of frozen bovine spermatozoa and to test their abilities to interact with zona-free hamster eggs in vitro. Also, in vitro results were compared with those of bull's fertility in AI. The frozen semen from four Holstein bulls were exposed to HIS-DM for 5 minutes after thawing and then preincubated for 60 minutes in DM prior to insemination. The hamster eggs were mounted, fixed and stained 6 hours after exposure to boving spermatozoa and examined under a phase-contrast microscope. 1. The sperm motility expressed as a mobility index dro, pp.d significantly from 60-75 to 12-24 after exposure to HIS-DM, but increased in 32 to 41 at insemination. Bull C showed a low motility index than those of the orher bulls. The percentage of acrosome reaction by staining procedure were increased by HIS-DM treatment but did not change during 7 hours incubation period in DM. 2. The overall percentage of hamster eggs interacting with bull spermatozoa was 56.3%, 58.3%, 66.6% and 70.0%, respectively. Although there was no significant difference among bulls in the penetration rate of spermatozoa into hamster eggs, high proportions of eggs interacted with spermatozoa from Bull C and D than those from Bull A and B. 3. The conception rates (60-90 day RP) resulting from AI were 62.5%, 67.5% and 70.9% for Bull A, B and C, respectively. These results were in good agreement with the invitro results that the proportions of bull sperm-egg interction were greater for Bull C than for Bull A and B.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

RADCONS Ver. 1.0 (RADiological CONSequence Assessment Program) was developed for radiological risk assessment in this study. A Gaussian plume model was used to analyze the fate and transport of radionuclides released into the air in case of accidents. Both single meterological data and time series meterological data can be used in RADCONS. To assess the radiological risk of the early phase after an accident, ED (Effective Dose) estimated by both deterministic and probabilistic approaches are presented. These EDs by deterministic and probabilistic will be helpful to efficient decision making for decision makers. External doses from deposited materials by time are presented for quantifying the effects of mid and late phases of an accident. A radiological risk assessment was conducted using RADCONS for an accident scenario of 1 Ci of Cs-137. The maximum of ED for radii of 1,000 meters from the accident point was 8.51E-4 mSv. After Monte-Carlo simulation, considering the uncertainty of the breathing rate and dispersion parameters, the average ED was 8.49E-4, and the 95 percentile was 1.10E-3. A data base of the dose coefficients and a sampling module of the meteorological data will be modified to improve the user's convenience in the next version.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.135-141
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• 2012

Development of the Internet has brought many changes in methods of education and assesment. When enforcing the on-line distance education, the tests to check the outcomes of the learning are taken on the Internet. The current trends of education evaluation are focused on the types of questions and the detachments of exam proctor but verifying the authentication of answer sheet. There are several forms to make answers; selection type, short-answer type, write-out answer type, practical exercise type, etc. All the forms can be done on the Internet except the practical exercise type because the source of the examinee's answer sheet is unreliable. In this paper, we made the verification system to solve the doubt by setting the proved information on the answer sheet. Putting the information down to confirm the authenticity during the exam on the server is distinct character of this system. After the test finished, the system will operate when examinee turn in the answer sheet.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2012

This study aims to investigate characteristics of water quality factors by using survey results of national marine environmental monitoring system from 2004 to 2010 at coastal area of the East Sea of Korea. In this study, we chose statistical methods to analyze the correlation among water quality parameters and principal component analysis for characteristics of each water environment. In addition to this, we evaluated each water's pollution level based on eutrophication standard of OECD, Eutrophication Index(EI), and Organic Pollution Index(OPI). Major factors were chlorophyll a and salt according to the analysis at coastal area of the East Sea. The sea was divided into the south and the central part by Jukbyeon. Also, Jukbyeon in the central part of the East Sea and Gampo in the southern sea coastal waters have been classified separately. The nutritional status of coastal area of East Sea presented Mesotrophic to Oligotrophic level and EI showed less than 1. OPI in all of the coastal area at the East Sea represented that the water quality condition was favorable.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.11-20
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cold hypersensitivity and bone mineral density. Methods 28 outpatients who visited OO University Oriental Hospital from July 11th, 2013 to August 28th, 2013 were analyzed. Patients were subjected to thermometer, and those with thermal difference greater than 0.3 ℃ between upper arm and palm and also with more than VAS 4 of cold hypersensitivity were diagnosed with cold sensitivity. Lumba spine (L2-4) and heel bone measurement were obtained on dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT). Results 1. There was statistically significant correlation between T-score of DEXA and body weight (0.522), BMI (0.643), OSTA (Osteoporosis elf-assesment Tool for Asians, 0.579), BMI, T-score and Z-score of QCT. OSTA and T-score of QCT (0.521) also had statistically significance. 2. There was no statistically significant correlation between body fat, abdominal obesity rate, degree of cold hypersensitivity, upper arm and palm's temperature difference, palm temperature, height and Z-score, T-score of QCT or T-sore of DEXA. Conclusions Bone mineral density was lower in women who had cold hypersensitivity of hand and feet. But there was no statistically significant correlation between bone mineral density and degree of cold hypersensitivity, upper arm and palm’s temperature difference.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2012

As the number of web users is increasing, the leakage of personal information is increasing. If some personal information is leaked, the victim can suffer from material damage or mental damage at the same time. Most of the leakages are result from the people who works for the personal information by accident or design. Hence, the Ministry of Public Administration and Security proposeed the measuring index and enumerates the details. The index is used in a system to check protection of a personal information. However, because this system is used to evaluate after the leakage, it cannot be used to construct some security system or programming a security system. To solve this problem, it needs to express the diversity of items and be able to count what assessors want to count. Thus, a summary sheet which displays the result of the tool will be presented in a radial form graph. Details will be presented as a bar graph. Therefore, it will be proposed that the tool can grasp the weak point and propose the direction of security.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.431-436
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• 2016

Web-toon is provided to users in the form of Web-toon and The users are steadily rising and increasing amount of using time until today. Web-toon has become a popular pastime among smartphone users. Therefore, when providing services, Web-toon application should be made with an appropriate system so that it can be easily used, and considering problems that users may have while using the application, it should help users have better experiences. With Naver Web-toon and Lezin Comics as subjects, user experiences of teenagers were analyzed with questionnaires based on Honeycomb model of Peter Morville. The score of Naver Web-toon was higher than Lezin Comics after user experience assesment, and usability and accessibility as important factors turned out to be influential to teen-aged users who use Web-toon services.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.998-1008
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to develop the criteria for measuring the observation abilities of elementary school students. Object, viewpoint and mental demand constitute the evaluation criteria of observation abilities. Object domain was classified into two- and three-dimensional figures, while viewpoint was classified into constancy and variety of views. Mental demand covered 2 through 5. The assesment tool based on the threedimensional criteria was developed for the lower, middle and upper grades of 166 elementary school students. Results from this study were as follows. These students' scores were significantly different in the classification by each dimension and distinguishable between the grades. They scored high on two-dimensional figures, constancy of view and lower mental demand, and the upper grade students' scores were higher than the lower ones in all dimensions. Therefore, the evaluation criteria developed in this study can be used effectively for measuring the observation abilities of elementary school students. Implication for this study was determined to be the development of a valid and reliable test for observation abilities of elementary school students.