• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.375-385
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• 2001

Objectives : This study was carried out to research the protective effects of Sagunja-Tang(SA) through in vivo experiments, and tried to investigate the relation between oxidation of liver tissues and deficiency of Qi. Methods : Acute liver injury which initiated from free radical induced by $CCl_4$, were applied to mice and metabolic data were obtained. In order to measure the degree of liver injury, serum level of alanine aminotransferase(AST), aspartate aminotransferase(ALT), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen(BUN), total protein(TP) and glucose were measured. Lipid peroxidation of liver slice was examined by measuring malondialdehyde(MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation. Results : SA had protective effects on $CCl_4$ induced acute liver injury by decreasing serum level of ALT. Kidney injury was induced by injection of $CCl_4$ too, and SA protected kidney injury by decreasing serum level of creatinine and BUN. Conclusions : Through this study, we found that SA have healing effects on liver and kidney injury of $CCl_4$ induced oxidative stress that is similar to deficiency of Qi. And further studies have to be followed to certify the mechanisms.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2006

To determine the effects of exposure to formalin on the secondary stress indices, changes in haematology and blood chemistry were monitored in healthy crucian carps (Carassius auratus). Fishes were separately exposed in a concentration range of 125 to 500 ppm formalin for 60 min. After exposure, red blood cell (RBC) count and packed cell volume (PCV) were elevated in the 500 ppm formalin exposed group. However, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) were decreased significantly in the 500 ppm formalin exposed group. Total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, total bilirubin, inorganic phosphorus (IP) and magnesium were significantly increased at a concentration of 500 ppm. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glucose were increased at a concentration of 500 ppm, but this was not significant. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and calcium were significantly decreased at concentrations of 250 and 500 ppm. AST, ALT, glucose and magnesium were significantly increased in the 250 ppm formalin exposed group. These results suggests that formalin exposure might cause some damage in the liver and kidney of crucian carp.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.911-916
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• 2003

The effects of Opuntia ficus-indica (OF) administration on the biochemical parameters of function in liver tissue and serum of $CCl_4$ treated rats were investigated. Opuntia ficus-indica (200 mg/kg) was administered into rats intraperitoneally for two weeks. $3.3m\ell$ of $CCl_4$$_4$ (50% $CCl_4$ : Olive oil = 1 : 1) was treated to rats on the 14th day and 15th day and they were operated on 15th day. We examined the antioxidative enzymatic activity by measuring the level of AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), GSH (Glutathione reduced form), GSSG (Glutathione oxidezed form), GPx (GSH-peroxidase), SOD (Superoxide dismutase) and CAT (Catalase) in serum and liver tissue of rats. OFC administered group showed 24.8% of inhibitory effect in AST activity compared to $CCl_4$ -treated abnormal group (CTA). ALT level of OF administered group was decreased by 60.7% to the level of CTA. GSH, GSSG and GPx of OFC administered group were significantly higher than those of CTA group. SOD and CAT in OFC administered group were increased by 28.3% and by 16.9% respectively compared to those of CTA group.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1207-1213
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• 2008

The possible protective effects of highly zinc-containing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, FF-10 strain, isolated from tropical fruit rambutan on acute alcoholic liver injury in rats were evaluated. Zinc concentration in this strain was 30.6mg%. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and $\gamma$-glutamyl transpeptidase ($\gamma$-GTP) were highly increased when alcohol was treated, relative to the normal rats. Also, a highly significant increase in the blood alcohol and acetaldehyde levels by alcohol treatment was observed. Administration of FF-10 strain markedly prevented alcohol-induced elevation of the activities of serum ALT, AST, and $\gamma$-GTP, and the levels of blood alcohol and acetaldehyde, and these reduced levels reached to that of normal rats. As compared with alcohol treated control rats, the FF-10 strain supplementation showed highly decreased the triglyceride concentration in serum. Alcohol treatment induced the marked accumulation of small lipid droplets, hepatocytes necrosis, and inflammation, but FF-10 strain administration attenuated to alcohol-induced accumulation of small lipid droplets and hepatocyte necrosis in the liver. Therefore, the current finding suggests that zinc-enriched yeast FF-10 strain isolated from tropical fruit rambutan may have protective effect against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.370-375
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• 2014

Cladosiphon okamuranus is edible brown algae cultured commercially and massively at Okinawa coast. Dietary fiber occupying most of C. okamuranus isn't digested and absorbed by digestive enzymes of human. But it is known to prevent and treat constipation as metabolic disease. This study was to investigate the effects of dietary fiber extracted from C. okamuranus on the damage of liver and the blood cholesterol level in the high fat diet-fed rats. The effects were measured by the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), alanine aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) in sera. The levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG and LDL were significantly reduced in the C. okamuranus-treated group compared with the high fat diet group. But HDL level was markedly increased. The results showed that the dietary fiber extracts from C. okamuranus have the inhibitive effects of cholesterol biosynthesis in the high fat diet-fed rats.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.475-483
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• 2019

The purpose this study was to investigate the influences of 5% turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) supplementation on enzyme activities such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), amylase, lipase and catalase in serum of dyslipidemic rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (24 male) were divided into four groups, namely the ND group (normal-nondyslipidemic diet), NT group (normal-nondyslipidemic diet+5% turmeric), DD group (control-dyslipidemic diet), and DT groups (dyslipidemic diet+5% turmeric). Serum concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and uric acid were significantly decreased (p<0.05) by turmeric supplementation diet. The activities of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, amylase and lipase in sera of turmeric diet group were significantly decreased (p<0.05). The catalase activity in serum of turmeric supplementation group was significantly increased than dyslipidemic diet (p<0.05). In vivo experiment with dyslipidemic rats showed that ingestion of turmeric were effective in kidney and hepatic functional enzyme activities. Which suggests that turmeric material could be used for further studies as a potential source for nutraceutical foods.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1219-1228
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• 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report a clinical case of decompensated liver cirrhosis in a patient with jaundice who showed improvement with Korean medicine treatment. Methods: A patient with decompensated liver cirrhosis with jaundice was treated with herbal medicine (Injinoryung-tang, Galgeunjowi-tang), acupuncture, cupping, and moxibustion. Changes in jaundice, fatigue, and dysuria were measured with subjective parameters. Liver function was checked by performing a blood test 8 times. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total bilirubin (TB), albumin, and platelets (Plt), prothrombin time (PT), and international normalized ratio (INR) were recorded. Results: The Korean medicine treatment improved jaundice, fatigue, and dysuria and lowered the AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, and TB levels. Conclusions: Korean medicine treatment containing Galgeunjowi-tang positively improves clinical symptoms and liver function.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.6.1-6.6
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• 2021

Opuntia ficus-indica has traditionally been used in prevention and treatment of various diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The current study was performed to determine whether Opuntia ficus-indica is associated with diabetes. Diabetic rat models were induced with streptozotocin (STZ). This study divided rats into 1 day (short-term) and 4 consecutive weeks (long-terms) of daily administration. These groups were subdivided into four groups each other for assessment of blood glucose level as follows: Group 1, untreated rats given distilled water; Group 2, untreated rats given Opuntia ficus-indica; Group 3, STZ-induced diabetic rats given distilled water; Group 4, STZ-induced diabetic rats given Opuntia ficus-indica. Blood glucose level was measured for one day and four weeks. In addition, serum markers of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), cholesterol, and creatinine were determined, and total protein triglycerides were measured at four weeks. Blood glucose level was highest in both groups (Group 3 and Group 4) at 30 minutes and two weeks and gradually decreased in a time-dependent manner. The difference in blood glucose among the four groups was significant (p < 0.05). Additionally, the levels of ALT, AST and triglycerides were significantly decreased by Opuntia ficus-indica.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2007

금붕어(Carassius auratus)를 사용하여 수온변화에 따른 스트레스 반응에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자, 수온상승과 하강에 따른 혈액 성상 및 생리적 반응을 조사하였다. 수온은 $15^{\circ}C$로부터 급격하게 하강시켜 1시간이내에 $10^{\circ}C$로 사육수를 조절하였으며, 이후 자연적으로 수온이 상승하도록 조절하였다. 12시간째에 수온은 $15^{\circ}C$로 회복되어 24시간째까지 유지하였다. 이러한 수온자극 스트레스를 3일 연속하여 주었다. 혈장 cortisol, glucose 및 lactic acid에서 72시간까지 대조구보다 스트레스 실험구에서 유의적으로 높은 값을 보였다. 혈장 $Na^+,\;Cl^-$ 및 aspartate aminotransferase (AST)는 두 그룹에서 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구결과 혈장 cortisol, glucose, lactic acid, hematocrit, red blood cell 및 hemoglobin에서 일반적인 스트레스 반응을 보였다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.413-416
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• 2008

Effects of extracts obtained from the flowers of Elsholtzia splendens on the serum lipid profile and hepatotoxicity in mice were investigated. Female ICR mice were given E. splendens ethanolic extract (ESEs) orally at a dose of 10 or 50 mg/kg BW for 50 days. Significant dose-dependent decreases in triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol of serum were observed. In addition, ESEs prolonged the lag-time of LDL oxidation in vitro. In the serum of ICE mice given ESEs orally at 10 and 50 mg/kg BW, the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) increased significantly, while total protein, albumin, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin did not change. Therefore, ESEs may be beneficial to human health, although it has some hepatotoxicity.