• 소음진동
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.107-115
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• 1995

드릴스트링의 종진동 해설을 위한 이론적 모델을 제시하였다. 드릴스트링은 균일봉들로 모델링하였으며, 비트와 바닥 암석과의 경계조건은 스프링과 댐퍼로 모델링하였다. 연결부(tool joint)의 영향, 드릴스트링 주위의 진흙물(mud)과 주변 암석의 영향등은 이론적으로 산정하였다. 비트에서의 경계조건을 산정하기 위하여, 드릴스트링의 종진동에 대한 강제진동 시험기법을 개발하여 실제의 드릴스트링에 대한 실험을 비트에 걸리는 힘(WOB)을 변화시키면서 수행하였다. 그 결과는 이론치 와 잘 일치함을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과 가장 중요한 결론은 드릴스티링의 종진동 해석에 있어서, 바닥 암석의 강성이 고려되어야 하며, 이 강성은 비트에 걸리는 힘의 크기에 따라 다르다는 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1995

Post-tonsillectomy pain in children is a difficult problem to manage. We examined the effect of 10% aerosol lidocaine for the post-tonsillectomy analgesia. ASA physical status I or II, between five and thirteen years of age were assigned, in a randomized fashion, into two groups. The Group I, 30 patients, received a total dose of 4 mg/kg of ten percent aerosol lidocaine on the tonsillar beds. Lidocaine was administered at the end of the surgical procedure. The Group II, 30 patients, were not sprayed with lidocaine aerosol. The postoperative pain scores were assessed by a "red and white" visual analoge pain scales (VAPS). VAPS values were obtained at one and eight hours after the operation. Values of one hour after the operation in the group I and II were $20.83{\pm}10.01$ and $34.50{\pm}10.53$, values of eight hours after the operation were $17.33{\pm}9.07$ and $23.5{\pm}11.08$. The post-tonsilectomy pains were significantly lower in the group I compared with the group II at one and eight hours after the operation. In conclusion, 4 mg/kg of ten percent aerosol lidocaine applied directly on the tonsillar beds was showen a superior, immediate post-tonsillectomy analgesic technique.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2011

Purpose: Laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for gastric cancer is still uncommon because of technical difficulties, especially in esophagojejunostomy (EJ). There are many reports for various laparoscopic procedures of EJ using linear or circular staplers. On the other hands, there has been no report for hand-sewn anastomosis. We report successfully performed intracorporeally hand-sewn EJ after LTG. Materials and Methods: The clinicopathologic data and short-term surgical outcomes of 6 patients who underwent totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy for upper gastric cancer from December 2010 and July 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age was 66.5 years and mean body mass index (kg/$m^2$) was 24.6. All patients had medical comorbidities. The mean patient ASA score was 2.17. Among the 6 patients, previous abdominal operation was performed for 2 patients and combined operation was performed for 3 patients. The mean blood loss, operation time, and EJ anastomosis time was 130 ml, 379.7 minutes, and 81.5 minutes, respectively. The mean time to first flatus, first oral intake, and postoperative hospital stay was 3.0, 3.0, and 12.5 days, respectively. There was no 30-day mortality case. Postoperative aspiration pneumonia and multiple periventricular lacunar infarctions developed in 1 patient. There were no anastomosis-related complications and other major surgical complications. Conclusions: When the intracorporeal anastomotic technique becomes popular in LTG the intracorporeally hand-sewn EJ may be accepted as one method among the various laparoscopic procedures of EJ.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.81-90
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to examine the uses of fly ash asa type of construction material. This paper presents the results of research performed to identify optimum mix proportions for production of lowable fill with high volume fly ash content . The fly ash used in this study met the requirements of KS L 5405 and ASTM C 618 for Class F material. The flowable fill with high volume fly ash content was investigated for strength and flowability characteristics. Tests were carried out on flowable fill designed to have 10 ~15kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ compressive strength at 28 days with fly ash contents of approximately 260kgf/㎥. Slump was held at 25$\pm$1cm for all mixtures produced to range from 5kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ to 14kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ compressive strengths at 28 days. To produce flowable fill with high volume fly ash , first the influential variables were identified in an experimental study based on factorial design. Among the proportioning variables investigated, cement ,fly ash, and sand contents were found to have statistically significant effect on strength and slump of flowable fill . Subsequently, response surface analysis techniques were used to devise an experimental program that helped determine the optimum combinations of the selected influential variables based on material properties and cost. The optimized flowable fill were then technically evaluated. It is shown that flowable fill has acceptable compressive strength , slump flow, hardening time, and permeability.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2022

Objectives To investigate the effect of Jakyakgamcho-tang (JGT) on Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced ulcerative colitis. Methods Experimental animals were divided into six groups; group 1, normal group; group 2, DSS-induced colitis group; group 3, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA)-treated group; group 4, Glycyrrhiza Uralensis (Gamcho, GC)-treated group; group 5, Paeoniae Radix (Jakyak, JY)-treated group; group 6, JGT-treated group. Inflammatory cytokines and their metabolites were detected. Result In the JGT group, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were significantly decreased, whereas that of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) were significantly increased. In addition, the metabolite profile changed in the JGT group with most metabolites increasing. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the therapeutic potential of JGT in ulcerative colitis. Further studies should be conducted to confirm our findings.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2020

Background: Severe pain associated with proximal femur fractures makes the positioning for regional anesthesia a challenge. Systemic administration of analgesics can have adverse effects. Individually, both the fascia iliaca block (FIB) and femoral nerve blocks (FNB) have been studied. However, there is little evidence comparing the two. The aim of this study was to compare the overall efficacy of the two blocks in patients with proximal femur fracture before positioning for spinal anesthesia. Methods: ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) class I, II, and III patients scheduled for elective and emergency surgery with the diagnosis of proximal femur fracture between October 2018 and June 2019 were included in the study. The patients were assigned to two groups by convenience nonprobability sampling of 35 each. Results: Our study showed a reduction in visual analogue scale scores at 3, 4, and 5 minutes after administration of the FIB being 5.1 ± 1.1, 4.1 ± 1.3, and 2.8 ± 0.8, and those after the FNB as 4.4 ± 1.1, 3.3 ± 1.1, and 2.1 ± 1.4 with P < 0.05, which was statistically significant. The mean first rescue analgesia time for the FIB was 7.1 ± 2.1 hours, while for the FNB it was 5.2 ± 0.7 hours. The P value was less than 0.001, which was significant. Conclusions: Both ultrasound guided FNB and FIB techniques provide sufficient analgesia for patient's positioning before spinal anesthesia. However, the duration of postoperative analgesia provided by FIB was greater than that of the FNB.

• 약학회지
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.402-406
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• 2008

Previously, we have shown that 1-furan-2-yl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propenone (FPP-3) has an anti-inflammatory activity in a rat paw-edema model. In the present study, we investigated an inhibitory effect of FPP-3 on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\apha}$-induced inflammatory cytokine response in HT-29 human colon epithelial cells. Treatment with FPP-3 significantly prevented the TNF-${\apha}$-induced attachment of leukocytes to HT-29 colon epithelial cells, which is one of the pathologic hallmarks in colon inflammation. The effect of FPP-3 was markedly superior than that of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), a commonly used drug for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pretreatment with FPP-3 inhibited TNF-${\apha}$- induced monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-8 mRNA expressions. In addition, FPP-3 significantly suppressed TNF-${\apha}$-induced nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ transcription activity. These results demonstrate that FPP-3 modulates intestinal inflammation via suppressing the NF-${\kappa}B$ dependent expressions of MCP-1 and IL-8, and suggest that FPP-3 may be a valuable agent for the treatment of IBD.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2010

Purpose: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) has become a technically feasible and safe procedure for early gastric cancer treatment. LAG is being increasingly performed in many centers; however, there have been few reports regarding LAG at low-volume centers. The aim of this study was to report our early experience with LAG in patients with gastric cancer at a low-volume center. Materials and Methods: The clinicopathologic data and surgical outcomes of 39 patients who underwent LAG for gastric cancer between April 2007 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age was 68.3 years. Thirty-one patients had medical co-morbidities. The mean patient ASA score was 2.0. Among the 39 patients, 4 patients underwent total gastrectomy and 35 patients underwent distal gastrectomy. The mean blood loss was 145.4 ml and the mean operative time was 259.4 minutes. The mean time-to-first flatus, first oral intake, and the postoperative hospital stay was 2.8, 3.1, and 9.3 days, respectively. The 30-day mortality rate was 0%. Postoperative complications developed in 9 patients, as follows: anastomotic leakage, 1; wound infection, 1; gastric stasis, 2; postoperative ileus, 1; pneumonia, 1; cerebral infarction, 1; chronic renal failure, 1; and postoperative psychosis, 1. Conclusions: LAG is technically feasible and can be performed safely at a low-volume center, but an experienced surgical team and careful patient selection are necessary. Furthermore, for early mastery of the learning curve for LAG, surgeons need education and training in addition to an accumulation of cases.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.2491-2496
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• 2010

EEG 신호에 내포된 상관특성을 알 수 있는 스케일 분석 기법인 DFA를 이용하여 수술 중 마취심도를 분석하고자하였다. 마취과 학회에서 제공하는 신체 분류 등급 1(건강한 환자), 2(경한 전신 질환, 기능 제한 없음) 등급의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 정신병력이나 신경계 이상이 있는 환자는 제외하였다. 수술 중 마취 환자의 평균 연령은 $48.9{\pm}10.9$ 세이고, 평균체중은 $57.1{\pm}8.2$ kg, 평균 신장은 $158{\pm}6.6$cm 였다. 수술을 위한 마취 약제로는 Sevoflurane를 사용하였고, 수술단계는 수술전, 마취유도, 마취유도 직후, 수술중, 마취제 중지, 수술 후의 6단계로 나누어 분석하였다. DFA의 ��${\alpha}1$, ${\alpha}2$, ${\alpha}3$ 중 ${\alpha}1$, ${\alpha}3$는 수술전단계, 마취 유도 단계, 마취 유도 단계 직후, 마취제 중지 단계, 수술후 단계를 구별 할 수 있는 파라미터들로 수술 중 마취 심도를 평가 할 수 있는 파라미터로 이용될 수 있음을 확인 하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2008

In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of propenone derivatives, 1,3-diphenyl-propenone (DPhP), 3-phenyl-1-thiophen-2-yl-propenone (PhT2P), 3-phenyl-1-thiophen-3-yl-propenone (PhT3P) and 1-furan-2-yl-3-phenyl-propenone (FPhP), on $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ activity and interleukin (IL)-8-induced monocyte adhesion to colon epithelial cells. 1-Furan-2-yl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propenone (FPP-3) that is previously reported as a $NF-{\kappa}B$ inhibitor suppressed $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced monocyte-epithelial cell adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner. The propenone derivatives, DPhP, PhT2P, PhT3P, FPhP, also inhibited $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation in a similar degree to FPP-3. In a DPPH radical scavenging assay, none of the compounds showed DPPH radical scavenging activity, indicating that the inhibitory actions of the propenone derivatives on redox-sensitive $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity is not due to a simple free radical scavenging activity. In addition, the propenone derivatives also suppressed the IL-8-induced monocyte adhesion to colon epithelial cells. Furthermore, the effective concentrations of the propenone derivatives on both $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation as well as IL-8 induced monocyte-epithelial cell adhesion were 1000 times lower than 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), a clinically used drug for inflammatory bowel disease. These results suggest that the propenone derivatives may be a potential lead having a strong inhibitory activity against inflammatory cytokine-induced epithelial inflammation.