• 제목/요약/키워드: Artificial reef

검색결과 138건 처리시간 0.031초

통발 어구를 이용한 서해 경기만 사각형어초 시설의 효과 평가 (Evaluation of the effect of cubic artificial reefs in Kyonggi Bay, west coast of Korea by using fish trap)

  • 유재원;이만우;이창근;김창수;김정수;홍재상
    • 수산해양기술연구
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    • 제43권2호
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    • pp.126-139
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    • 2007
  • In the autumn of 2000 and spring of 2001, field surveys were conducted to estimate the effectiveness of artificial reefs (type cube, $2{\times}2{\times}2m^3$) that were established in the four islands of Bangnyeong, Socheong, Daeyeonpyeong and Ganghwa in Kyonggi Bay, the west coast of Korea during 1995 and 1996. The condition of reefs was examined through SCUBA diving and a side-scan sonar. Much of the reefs in Daeyeonpyeong and Ganghwa area were buried in bottom sediment. Despite an intensive search in Bangnyeong area, even a cluster of reefs was not found and most of them seemed to be buried by sand waves. Thus an appropriate investigation on the sediment transport should be included in pre-assessment for the expected performance and protection of artificial reefs. Distribution of average CPUE in natural fishing ground (control) was estimated by bootstrapping simulation and possible comparison of CPUE between control and reef areas (treatment) were made in Bangnyeong and Socheong (Experiment I). Positive reef effect was detected in Socheong but CPUE of treatment in Bangnyeong was varied between or lower than the 99% CPUE confidence intervals of the control. Control/treatment abundance and biomass of fishes and invertebrates were tested by paired t-test and sign test (Experiment II). Only four cases among 22 showed significant positive effect. Based on the results, the cube artificial reef in Socheong was inferred as an affirmative one. Floor type was hypothesized to be one of the probable agents in determining the effectiveness of artificial reefs.

인공어초 조사용 다방향 수중 CCTV 카메라 시스템의 성능 특성 (Performance characteristics of a multi-directional underwater CCTV camera system to use in the artificial reef survey)

  • 이대재
    • 수산해양기술연구
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.146-152
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    • 2011
  • Underwater CCTV camera systems are increasingly replaced the traditional net approach of assessing the species, numbers and aggregation patterns of marine animals distributing around the artificial reefs installed in the inshore fishing grounds, in particular, in relation to the biological investigation of behavior and distribution patterns of target fishes. In relation to these needs, we developed a multi-directional underwater CCTV camera system to use in detecting and tracking marine animals in the artificial reef ground. The marine targets to be investigated were independently tracked by using a camera module toward the bottom and four camera modules installed in the interval of $90^{\circ}$ in horizontal plane and inclination of $45^{\circ}$ in vertical plane of the CCTV system without the overlap of video frames by each camera module. From the results of several field tests at sea, we believe that the developed multi-directional underwater CCTV camera system will contribute to a better understanding in evaluating the effect of artificial reefs installed in the inshore fishing grounds.

인공어초어장의 어류 군집상과 어획량 변동 (Variations of Fish Community and Fish Density on Artificial Reefs)

  • 이정우;강영실
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.535-548
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    • 1994
  • 각 해역에 시설된 사각형, 반구형, 원통형 인공어초어장의 어류 군집상 및 어획량 변동을 조사하여 인공어초 모형에 대한 어종 친화성과 해역별 최대효과를 가져 올 수 있는 적정 어초모형에 대해 논의하였다. 1988년 5, 7, 9, 11월에 각 1회씩 삼중자망으로 어획조사를 실시하였으며, 어획된 어류는 종별로 분류하여 계수하였다. 인공어초어장에서 출현한 총 어종수는 45종이며 볼락류, 쥐노래미, 가자미류, 쥐치 및 말쥐치의 출현빈도가 높았다. 사각형 인공어초어장에서는 총 38종이, 원통형 인공어초어장에서는 총 31종이, 그리고 반구형 인공어초어장에서는 총 18종이 출현하였다. 해역별 주요 우점종은 대부분이 가자미류, 가오리류, 쥐치, 말쥐치, 쥐노래미, 볼락류와 같은 연안정착성 혹은 저서성, 암초성어류였으며 남해 외양만이 회유성 어종인 고등어가 최우점종이었다. 인공어초모형에 따라 저서성, 암초성, 회유성 어류의 조성률이 다르게 나타났다. 사각형 인공어초어장에서는 회유성어류의 조성률이 높은 반면 반구형 인공어초어장에서는 저서성 어류 및 부착생물을 주로 먹이로 하는 어류의 조성률이 높았다. 동해 중부연안을 제외한 전 해역의 인공어초어장중 사각형 인공어초어장에서 어획량이 가장 높았으며, 동해 중부연안은 원통형 인공어초어장에서 어획량이 가장 높았다. 인공어초모형별 어류 군집상은 사각형 인공어초어장과 반구형 인공어초어장은 서로 차이가 있으며, 원통형 인공어초어장은 이 두 인공어초어장의 중간적인 성격을 띤 군집상을 나타내었다. 또한 해역별로 보면 남해연안과 서해 남${\cdot}$중부연안의 군집상이 유사했고, 남해외양과 동해 남${\cdot}$중부연안의 군집상이 유사하였다./TEX>인 점을 고려하여 볼 때 수은 오염에 주의할 필요가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 6. 카드뮴의 어종별 96hr-LC50은 넙치 28.4mg/l, 숭어 2.55mg/l, 조피볼락 28.7mg/l으로 나타났다. 7. LAS의 96hr-LC50은 0.79mg/l이었고, 숭어에 대한 96hr-LC50은 0.06mg/l, 조피볼락 1.08mg/l으로 기수성 어류인 숭어의 내성이 매우 낮은 점이 특이하였다.치사하지 않으므로, 본 실험의 결과를 기초로 하여서 무수 수송 장치를 만들면 충분히 실용화가 가능할 것으로 생각된다.X>로 상당히 높게 나타났고, EPA, DHA 등 w3 계의 장쇄(長鎖)고도불포화지방산의 조성비가 $22.13\%$로 높게 나타났으며, 양적으로 많은 지방산은 포화산 중에는 palmitic acid($C_{16:0}$), monoene산 중에서는 palmitoleic acid($C_{16:1}$), polyene산 중에서는 hexadecatetraenoic acid($C_{16:4}$), eicosapentaenoic acid ($C_{20:5}$), docosahexaenoic acid($C_{22:6}$) 등이 함량이 많았다. Carotenoprotein으로부터 분리한 총 caroteoid 함량은 $8.80mg\%$였고, 주 carotenoid는 mytiloxanthin($74.79\%$), 3,4,3'-trihydroxy-7',8'-didehydro-${\beta}$-carotene($18.26\%$)였다

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인공어초 주변의 흐름장에 관한 수치해석 (Numerical Analysis of the Flow Field around Artificial Reefs)

  • 정칠훈;김헌태
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2007
  • This study investigated the fluid force acting on an artificial reef and the scour pattern at the bottom of the artificial reef in a steady-flow field using the finite difference method (Flow-3D). The structure was tetragonal in shape, like similar objects found in nature. The numerical analysis showed that the hydrodynamic characteristics and incipient scouring pattern matched natural phenomena. The velocity distribution around the tetragon was symmetric and wake occurred inside the tetragon and behind the bottom of the tetragon. The length of the recirculation flow behind the tetragon for each velocity was about 4-5 cm and the magnitude of the recirculation flow inside the tetragon generally increased with the Reynolds' number, although it decreased slightly for Reynolds' numbers from 11,000 to 12,000. In addition, the total fluid force acting on the tetragon increased with the inflow velocity, although the increment was smaller when the velocity exceed 18 cm/sec. The incipient pattern for the scouring of sediment matched the natural phenomenon.

Seaweed Succession on Artificial Reefs Placed in Different Depths at Ikata, Japan

  • Choi Chang Geun;Ohno Masao;Sohn Chul Hyun
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.281-286
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    • 2002
  • Artificial reefs were set on a sandy bottom substratum at 8m, 10m and 13m depths along the coast in Muronohana, Ikata, Japan. Succession of seaweed communities was observed monthly or bimonthly from February 1999 to August 2000 on artificial reefs. Within one month, the diatom colonized on the reefs with coverage of $100\%$. After three months, Enteromorpha intestinalis and Colpomenia sinuosa dominated on the reef in the spring. Seaweed flora decreased during the summer and the dominant species were several species of Melobesioidea. In the winter, the seaweeds grew up again and the dominant species on the each reef were Sargassum spp., Ecklonia kurome and Padina arborescens after one year. The dominant species in the algal succession process changed from diatoms to the perennial seaweeds such as Sargassum spp., E. kurome and P. arborescens. Thus, the pattern of succession of the dominant species and the degree of domination were changed by the season, water depth and the recruitment of spores and eggs from the mature alga around the reefs.

강원도 해역에 시설된 인공어초의 보존상태 (Stability of Artificial Reefs Installed in Gangwon Coastal Waters of the East Sea (Sea of Japan))

  • 김완기;이지현;김대권;조규태;안정미;공용근
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.200-205
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    • 2008
  • Stability and durability of the artificial reefs (ARs) installed for wildstock enhancement have been a key issue. We surveyed the stability of 4,044 artificial reefs installed at 5 sites (Gangeung, Donghae, Samcheok, Goseong. and Yangyang) along the Gangwon coast of the East Sea (Sea of Japan) through which 1 to 5 typhoons pass annually. The ARs surveyed were 7 types aging 1 to 4 years. The side scan sonar (SSS) and scuba diving surveys confirmed that the ARs stability was age and type-dependent. A total of 85.56% ARs remained safe. the rest 14.44% being influenced by physical parameters of the waters such as wave extremes mostly caused by typhoons. An interesting observation was that the AR were particulatly vulnerable to the wave extremes in the first year of installation, thereafter being less damageable. Representative damages of the ARs were capsized (0.20%). broken (5.79%), sunk (0.27%), and buried (8.18%). By type, dice reef was most stable. while semicircle branch reef was most vulnerable.

인공리프 제체의 변형특성에 관한 수치시뮬레이션 (Numerical Simulation for Deformation Characteristics of Artificial Reef)

  • 윤성진;박영석;김규한;편종근
    • 한국해양공학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.18-24
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    • 2010
  • Submerged rubble structures include artificial reef and the mound part of the rubble mound breakwater. Artificial reef is a type of the submerged wave absorbing structure installed in a coastal zone to prevent beach erosion and designed to initially reduce the energy of incoming waves so that its run-up height and overtopping quantity can be decreased. In order to ascertain the stability of such submerged rubble structures, minimum weight of the rubble has to be calculated first from the incoming wave height using Hudson's formula or Brebner-Donnelly formula. Based on the calculated minimum weight, a model is built for use in a hydraulic model test carried out to check its stability. The foregoing two formulas used to calculate the minimum weight are empirically derived formulas based on the result of the tests on the rubble mound breakwater and it is, therefore, difficult for us to apply them directly in the calculation of the minimum weight of the submerged structures. Accordingly, this study comes up with a numerical simulation method capable of deformation analysis for rubble structures. This study also tries to identify the deformation mechanism of the submerged rubble structures using the numerical simulation. The method researched through this study will be sufficient for use for usual preparations of the design guidelines for submerged rubble structures.

수리실험을 통한 요철형 인공어초 안정성 검토 (Hydraulic model test for corrugated artificial reef stability)

  • 백승화;신범식;김규한
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제15권8호
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    • pp.5327-5332
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    • 2014
  • 우리나라 연안생태계는 백화현상(갯녹음)에 의한 해조류의 감소와 어패류 등 어업자원의 감소로 인해 연안역의 황폐화에 직면해 있다. 새로운 유형의 인공어초에 대한 안정성을 평가하기 위해 본 연구에서는 2차원 단면수조를 이용하여 새롭게 개발된 인공어초의 설치수심에 따른 재현파고, 주기, 흐름 등 외력을 변화시켜 요철형 어초의 안정 조건이 되는 한계치를 구하고, 설계외력(파랑, 흐름 등)의 안정성에 대한 검토를 수행하였다. 본 연구 결과는 새로운 인공어초의 설계 및 실해역에 시공하기 위해 구조물의 안정성을 사전에 검토할 수 있는 있는 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

음향조사기법을 이용한 수산자원 관리수면의 어류분포 및 인공어초지역의 어군위집조사 (Hydro-acoustic survey on fish distribution and aggregated fish at artificial reefs in marine ranching area)

  • 김현영;황보규;이유원;신현옥;권정노;이경훈
    • 수산해양기술연구
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.139-145
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    • 2011
  • Hydro-acoustic survey was carried out to estimate a fish distribution at marine ranching area and aggregated fish schools at artificial reef area in Oeyeondo, Korea. The survey system was set up with DGPS system, scientific echo sounder (EK60, Simrad Co.), and ECDIS (Mecys. Co. LTD). A track survey and a random survey was respectively applied to the marine ranching area (474.4ha) and to the artificial reef area (within a radius of 300m). As the result, fish distribution and MVBS values in marine ranching area showed that created fisheries resources didn't come to be abundant yet as to appear fish distribution in all of the area. In the artificial reef area, it was, however, able to detect many fish school signals on the top of and around artificial reefs and to confirm the luring effect of artificial reefs.

Development of Benthic Community on an Artificial Reef Complex, Jeju Island, Korea

  • Yi, Soon-Kil;Huh, Hyung-Tack;Je, Jong-Geel;Kim, Dae-Gwen
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.255-264
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    • 2001
  • Development process of benthic community on experimental substrata attached on a newly installed artificial reef complex in Jeju Island was observed for 27 months from 1992 to 1994. Among 34 species of algae and 64 species of zoobenthos obtained from the study, Ecklonia cava dominated with a maximum biomass of about $10kg/m^2$. It was able to smother the other animals, however it provided a new substrate for the new settlers. Opportunistic bryzoans such as Likenopora radiata and Dexiospira spirillum occurred during the early stage were substituted by poriferans, banacles and other bryzoans. Young barnacles were smothered by bryozoans, on the contrary, bryozoans were bulldozed by adult barnacles. No apparent differences have been observed between vertically and horizontally installed substrates in terms of species composition and biomass during the early stage of succession. Thereafter owing to the rapid growth of E. cava, the horizontal substrata carried on a higher biomass while the vertical showed a higher coverage. The benthic process on the experimental substrata can be classified into three stages: initial stage, build up stage and regulatory stage. Important mechanisms involved were canopying of E. cava, suffocation by bryozoans and poriferans, and bulldozing of adult barnacles.

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