• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.308-310
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• 2001

A severe down mildew of Astragalus membranaceus occurred in Gangwon province in 1999 and 2000. Symptoms developed on young leaves and shoots, showing grayish white mycelium on the lower leaves. The infected plants had reduced internodes and twisted leaflets when the disease was severe. Peronospora trifoliorum was identified as the causal agent of the disease based on mycological characteristics. Pathogenicity of the fungus was confirmed by artificial inoculation. This is the first record of downy mildew on astrgal plant caused by Peronospora trifoliorum in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.287-295
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• 2014

Smart manufacturing (SM) considered as a new trend of modern manufacturing helps to meet objectives associated with the productivity, quality, cost and competiveness. It is characterized by decentralized, distributed, networked compositions of autonomous systems. The model of SM is inherited from the organization of the living systems in biology and nature such as ant colony, school of fish, bee's foraging behaviors, and so on. In which, the resources of the manufacturing system are considered as biological organisms, which are autonomous entities so that the manufacturing system has the advanced characteristics inspired from biology such as self-adaptation, self-diagnosis, and self-healing. To prove this concept, a cloud machining system is considered as research object in which internet of things and cloud computing are used to integrate, organize and allocate the machining resources. Artificial life tools are used for cooperation among autonomous elements in the cloud machining system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1053-1056
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• 2004

Research in Human Computer Interface (HCI) is towards development of an application environment able to deal with interactions of both human and computers that can be more intuitive and efficient. This can be achieved by bridging the gap between the synthetic virtual environment and the natural physical environment. Thus a project called Tangible Space Initiative (TSI) has been launched by KIST. TSI is subdivided into Tangible Interface (TI) which controls 3D cyber space with user's perspective, Responsive Cyber Space (RCS) which creates and controls the virtual environment and Tangible Agent (TA) which senses and acts upon the physical interface environment on behalf of any components of TSI or the user. This paper is a brief introduction to a new generation of Human Computer Interface that bring user to a new era of interaction with computers in the future.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.107-120
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• 2007

Coordination of multiple UAVs is an essential technology for various applications in robotics, automation, and artificial intelligence. In general, it includes 1) waypoints assignment and 2) trajectory generation. In this paper, we propose a new method for this problem. First, we modify the concept of the standard visibility graph to greatly improve the optimality of the generated trajectories and reduce the computational complexity. Second, we propose an efficient stochastic approach using simulated annealing that assigns waypoints to each UAV from the constructed visibility graph. Third, we describe a method to detect collision between two UAVs. FinallY, we suggest an efficient method of controlling the velocity of UAVs using A* algorithm in order to avoid inter-UAV collision. We present simulation results from various environments that verify the effectiveness of our approach.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 1991

ABA type block copolymers composed of poly($\gamma-benzyl$ L-glutamate) (PBLG) as the A component and poly (ethylene glycol) as the B component were obtained by polymerization of $\gamma-benzyl$ L-gletamate N -carboxyanhydride, initiated by amino groups at both ends of poly(ethylene glycol) . From circular dichroism measurements in ethylene dichloride solution as well as from infrared spectTa measurements in solid state, it was found that the polypep- tide block exists in the a-helical conformation, as in PBLG homopolymer. $Poly-N^5$ (3-hydroxypropyl glutamine) (PHPG)/poly(ethylene glycol)block copolymer hydrogel was obtained by the treatment of PBLG/PBG block copolymer with the mixture of 3-ammine-1-propanol and diamlnooctane. The water content of PHPG/PEG block copolymer hydrogel was about 80wt% when the concentration of crosslinking agent was below 5 mole % per polymer.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.49-51
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• 2010

스마트폰의 도입으로 인하여 증강현실이 널리 알려짐에 따라 대중들의 관심은 이에 집중되고 있으며 휴대성으로 인하여 모바일기기에서의 증강현실 연구가 하나의 흐름으로 자리 잡고 있다. 기존의 증강현실과 인공지능이 결합된 연구들은 주로 로봇공학이 많은 비율을 차지하고 있으며 게임에 접목된 연구들은 부족한 실정이다. 또한 인공지능이 적용된 에이전트들의 움직임을 위한 데이터들은 아직까지 사용자가 직접 입력해주거나 이를 인식하는데 마커를 사용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 마커리스 추적 기술을 사용하여 생성한 데이터를 인공지능부분에서 사용하며 증강현실 기반의 인공지능이 적용된 에이전트를 위한 게임 시스템을 제안한다. 그리고 이를 아이폰 모바일 기기에서 구현하였으며 인식율, 정확도를 측정하여 본 시스템을 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1883-1884
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• 2008

This paper presents a framework for decentralized control of self-organizing swarm agents based on the artificial potential functions (APFs). The framework explores the benefits by associating agents based on position information to realize complex swarming behaviors. A key development is the introduction of a set of association rules by APFs that effectively deal with a host of swarming issues such as flexible and agile formation. In particular, this paper presents an association rule for swarming that requires less movements for each agent and compact formation among agents. Extensive simulations are presented to illustrate the viability of the proposed framework.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 1993

Effect of an avirulent bacteriocin-producing strain(ABPS) of Pseudomonas solanacearum adapted to low temperature on the control of tobacco bacterial wilt was examined under the natural field conditions. The ABPS of p. solanacearum were succeeding-cultured at gradually low temperature, 3$0^{\circ}C$ to 13$^{\circ}C$. The isolates adapted to low temperature grew faster than the wild type either in artificial media or on the tobacco rhizoplane. The control effect of one of the isolates on bacterial wilt was higher than that of the wild type when the bacterial suspension had been poured onto the tobacco rhizosphere soil on 1 day before and 15 days after transplanting to the field. It was suggested that ABPS of p. solanaceamm adapted to the low temperature, might be more effective biological control agent than the wild type.

• Mycobiology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.167-169
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• 2013

Black spot of sweet persimmon, caused by Alternaria alternata, occurred in an orchard in Gyeongnam province, Korea in 2012. The symptom was appearance of 0.5 to 4 cm black spots on the surface of fruit. The pathogen was isolated from flesh of disease lesions. The causal agent was identified as A. alternata by morphological characteristics and sequencers of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 and ITS4 regions of rRNA. Artificial inoculation of the pathogen resulted in development of disease symptoms and the re-isolated pathogen showed characteristics of A. alternata.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.75-89
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• 2000

This paper deals with complex system theory to describe guerrilla warfare situation using EINSTein (Enhanced ISAAC Neural Simulation Tool) simulation model. EINSTein model is an agent-based artificial "laboratory" for exploring self-organized emergent behavior in land combat. Many studies have shown that existing Lanchester equations used in most guerrilla warfare models do not describe changes of combat units, real guerrilla warfare situation and qualitative factors in combat. Future warfare will be information warfare with various weapon system and complex combat units. We have compared and tested results with Lanchester models and EINSTein model. And the EINSTein model has been applied and analyzed to guerrilla warfare model (C4I facilities, coastal, urbanized terrain critical facilities defense). The results show that the EINSTein model has a possibility to apply and analyze guerrilla warfare more properly than Lanchester models.