• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.19-28
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• 2009

This paper reports experimental findings about the duration feature of the acoustic components of English stops in Korean speakers' voicing perception. In our experiment, 35 participants discriminated between recorded stimuli and digitally transformed stimuli with different duration features from the original stimuli. 72 sets of paired stimuli are generated to test the effects of the duration feature in various phonetic contexts. The result of our experiment is a complicated cross-tabulation with 540 cells defined by five categorical independent variables plus one response variable. To find a meaningful generalization out of this complex frequency table, we ran logit log-linear regression analyses. Surprisingly, we have found that there is no single effect of the duration feature in all phonetic contexts on Korean speakers' perception of the voicing contrasts of English stops. Instead, the logit log-linear analyses reveal that there are interaction effects among phonetic contexts (=C), the places of articulation of stops (=P), and the voicing contrast (=V), and among duration (=T), phonetic contexts, and the places of articulation. To put it in mathematical terms, the distribution of the data can be explained by a simple log-linear equation, logF=${\mu}+{\lambda}CPV+{\lambda}TCP$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.440-443
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• 2005

The wide spread of internet business recently necessitates recommendation systems which can recommend the most suitable product fur customer demands. Currently the recommendation systems use content-based filtering and/or collaborative filtering methods, which are unable both to explain the reason for the recommendation and to reflect constantly changing requirements of the users. These methods guarantee good efficiency only if there is a lot of information about users. This paper proposes an algorithm called 'demand articulate & integration' which can perceive user's continuously varying intents and recommend proper contents. A method of knowledge classification which can be applicable to this algorithm is also developed in order to disassemble knowledge into basic units and articulate indices. The algorithm provides recommendation outputs that are close to expert's opinion through the tracing of articulate index. As a case study, a knowledge base for heritage information is constructed with the expert guide's knowledge. An intelligent recommendation system that can guide heritage tour as good as the expert guider is developed.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.381-404
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• 2019

The paper aims to identify how North Korean various economic agents respond to the economic crisis in North Korea, and how these multiple practices are entangled with its spatiality by through the questionnaire survey and in-depth interview targeted at North Korean refugees. The paper argues that it needs to examine the marketization in North Korea in terms of the domesticating recently debated in economic geography. In this perspective, the marketization in North Korea could be explained not as a grand project 'out there' with hegemonic power, but as various economic agents within their space are constantly (re)constructed through everyday life practices. Economic agents' responses to economic crisis, economic rupture, and economic marginalization could be identified in terms of articulation between economic and non-economic factors. More specifically, the paper emphasizes everyday life responses are over-determined by their economic and non-economic factors and its effectiveness is differentiated by their power relations.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.69-72
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• 2004

In this paper, we tried to develop a vowel training assistant method using vowel formant statistics. Formant statistics were obtained from PBW set consists of 452 words from 8 persons. Then, we calculated distance from input formants to each center of vowel formant space. Based on the distance, direct ions to correct the speaker's manner of articulation, i .e. position of jaw and tongue.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.325-328
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• 2003

In this paper, we tried to develop a vowel training assistant method using vowel formant statistics. Formant statistics were obtained from PBW set consists of 452 words from 8 persons. Then, we calculated distance from input formants to each center of vowel formant space. Based on the distance, directions to correct the speaker's manner of articulation, i.e. position of jaw and tongue.

• Language and Information
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• v.1
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• pp.67-105
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• 1997

This paper investigates the semantics of English there existential sentences. By examining discourse functions and pragmatic facts, it accounts for semantic facts which have not been discussed elsewhere. Further, it is a new attempt to incorporate information-theoretic notions into formal semantics. I propose that existential statements as expressing Austinian propositions. The proposed meanings account for the fact that post-copular NPs cannot constitute the restruction of an adverb of quantification nor admit a partitive reading.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.41-49
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to extract the vowel formants of the ten young male speakers from the Buckeye Corpus of Conversational Speech [1] and to analyze them in comparison to earlier works in terms of various phonetic factors that are expected to affect the realization of the formant distribution. The first two formant frequency values were automatically extracted with a Praat script along with such factors as the place of articulation, the content versus function word information, syllabic stress information, the location in a word, location in utterance, speech rate of three consecutive words, and the word frequency in the corpus. The results indicated that the formant patterns from the corpus were very different from those of earlier works although the overall pattern was similar and that the factors were strongly responsible for the realization of the two formants. The purpose of this paper is to extract the vowel formants of the ten young male speakers from the Buckeye Corpus of Conversational Speech [1] and to analyze them in comparison to earlier works in terms of various phonetic factors that are expected to affect the realization of the formant distribution. The first two formant frequency values were automatically extracted with a Praat script along with such factors as the place of articulation, the content versus function word information, the syllabic stress information, the location in a word, the location in an utterance, the speech rate of the three consecutive words, and the word frequency in the corpus. The result indicated that the formant patterns from the corpus were very different from those of earlier works although the overall pattern was similar and that the factors were strongly responsible for the realization of the two formants.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.49-59
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a speech animation synthesis specialized in Korean through a rule-based co-articulation model. Speech animation has been widely used in the cultural industry, such as movies, animations, and games that require natural and realistic motion. Because the technique for audio driven speech animation has been mainly developed for English, however, the animation results for domestic content are often visually very unnatural. For example, dubbing of a voice actor is played with no mouth motion at all or with an unsynchronized looping of simple mouth shapes at best. Although there are language-independent speech animation models, which are not specialized in Korean, they are yet to ensure the quality to be utilized in a domestic content production. Therefore, we propose a natural speech animation synthesis method that reflects the linguistic characteristics of Korean driven by an input audio and text. Reflecting the features that vowels mostly determine the mouth shape in Korean, a coarticulation model separating lips and the tongue has been defined to solve the previous problem of lip distortion and occasional missing of some phoneme characteristics. Our model also reflects the differences in prosodic features for improved dynamics in speech animation. Through user studies, we verify that the proposed model can synthesize natural speech animation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

In modern society, lifestyle and individuality are important, and personalized lifestyle and patterns are emerging. The number of people with articulation diseases is increasing due to wrong living habits. In addition, as the number of households increases, there is a case where emergency care is not received at the appropriate time. We need information that can be managed by ourselves through accurate analysis according to the individual's condition for health and disease management, and care appropriate to the emergency situation. It is effectively used for classification and prediction of data using CNN in deep learning. CNN differs in accuracy and processing time according to the data features. Therefore, it is necessary to improve processing speed and accuracy for real-time healthcare. In this paper, we propose motion monitoring using Mask R-CNN for articulation disease management. The proposed method uses Mask R-CNN which is superior in accuracy and processing time than CNN. After the user's motion is learned in the neural network, if the user's motion is different from the learned data, the control method can be fed back to the user, the emergency situation can be informed to the guardian, and appropriate methods can be taken according to the situation.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.342-350
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• 2013

Dual response surface optimization (DRSO), inspired by Taguchi's philosophy, attempts to optimize the process mean and variability by using response surface methodology. Researches on DRSO were extensively done in 1990's and have been matured recently. This paper reviews the existing DRSO methods from the decision making perspective. More specifically, this paper classifies the existing DRSO methods based on the optimization criterion and the timing of preference articulation. Also, some of case studies are reviewed. Extension to multiresponse optimization, triple response surface optimization, and application of data mining method are suggested as future research issues.