• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1986.07a
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• pp.209-211
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• 1986

This paper describes the design of portable arrhythmia monitor and associated algorithm for automated diagnosis based-on micro-computer in the ambulatory ECG recording, analysis, and transmitting to a hospital host computer immediately through the telephone system.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.843-852
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• 1991

We prospectively studied postoperative cardiac arrhythmia after open heart surgery to analyze the types and incidence of cardiac arrhythmia and to predict preoperative risk factors. And also we evaluated the effectiveness of atrial and ventricular epicardial electrodes which were placed during operation Between March 1990 and August 1990, We had operated on in 211 patients and we studied 201 consecutive patients excluding 10 patients. The study group included 99 males and 102 female patients, ages 1 month to 75 years[Mean$\pm$SD=28.0$\pm$21.7 years]. Postoperatively, all patients were regularly seen by the cardiac surgeon and cardiologist, They had continuous electrocardiographic monitoring for the first 3 days, initially in the intensive care unit and were checked routine electrocardiography on the postoperative 7 days, The postoperative cardiac arrhythmia were analyzed and possible associations of this arrhythmia with various pre, intra, and postoperative factors were studied by univariate and multivariate discriminant analysis, The overall incidence of postoperative cardiac arrhythmia except relative sinus bradycardia was 36.8%;[74/201], The incidence of postoperative cardiac arrhythmia in acyanotic congenital heart disease: 19.4%, cyanotic congenital heart disease: 20.8%, cardiac arrhythmia surgery: 33.3%, acquired valvular heart disease: 60.9% and coronary artery occlusive disease: 38.9%. Both univariate and multivariate studies indicated the pre operative symptom duration[p = 0013], the duration of medication[p=0.003], presence of preoperative arrhythmia[p<0.001] and pre-operative left atrial dimension in echocardiography to be the factor promoting postoperative cardiac arrhythmia. Multivariate discriminant analysis showed that the presence of preoperative cardiac arrhythmia, bypass time and the duration of preoperative symptom duration conveyed considerable risk factor on post-operative arrhythmia. The atrial wire electrodes were used diagnostically in 36 and were used therapeutically in 89 among 201 patients. Atrial pacing were used to treat relative sinus bradycardia, accelerated junctional tachycardia or premature atrial or ventricular contractions in 51 patients. Atrioventricular sequential pacing were used in 16 patients and ventricular pacing were used in 20 patients. Hemodynamics were evaluated in 2 patients of relative sinus bradycardia before and after atrial pacing. The atrial pacing increased the amount of cardiac output to 15% more. Because of their great utility in the diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmias, we conclude that routine placement of atrial and ventricular electrodes at the time of operation is indicated regardless of the nature of the open-heart procedure.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1988.07a
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• pp.731-733
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• 1988

This paper describes a design of hardware system for real time automatic diagnosis of ECG arrhythmia based on pipeline processor consisting of the three microcomputer. ECG data is acquisited by 12 bit A/D converter with hardware QRS triggered detector. Four diagnostic parameters - heart rate, morphology, axis, and ST segment - are used for the classification and the diagnosis of arrhythmia. The functions of the main CPU were distributed and processed with three microcomputers. There-fore the effective data process and the real time process using microcomputer can be obtained. The interconnection structure consisting of two common memory units is designed to decrease the delay time caused by data transfer between processors and by which the delay time can be taken 1 % of one clock period.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 1991

Computer assisted cardiac mapping system has made it possible to display local activation times of the heart using a simultaneous multi-point data aquisition system, and opened an era in electrophyslology guided cardiac arrhythmia surgery especially in ventricular tachycardia. In this study, we have developed a 64 channel computerized cardiacmapping system us:ng a micro-computer for basic reasearch of electrophysiology and electrical propagation in cardiac arrhythmias. The significant tasks of this study were the simultaneous acquisition of large amount of data from 64 sites, accurate and rapid analysis, and the effective display of the analyzed data. To solve these problems, we made a 64 channel signal pre-processing board in order to amplify and fitter the raw signals. And we developed the soflu'are Yor cardiac isochronous mapping whictl is presented immediately ama computer-generated graphics. This system is expected 4o enable us to study pathophyslology of cardiac arrhythmia and to improve the results of diagnosis and surgical treatments for cardiac arrhythmia.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.351-360
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• 1989

This paper describes the design of portable arrhythmia monitor and associated algorithm for automated diagnosis based-on microcomputer in the ambulatory ECG recording, analysis, and transmitting to a hospital host computer immediately through the telephone system. The device differs from Molter recorder in that it does not store normal ECG signals but captures and alarms the ECG during suspected abnormal periods and selected temporal epochs to a central hospital site. This porta file arrhythmia monitor makes use of a general purpose computer and software will be changed to meet the custom requirements of individual physicians and patients. At present it is very obvious that each cardiologist has his own method of analyzing ECG recordings and utilizes past experience more than the firm quantitative analysis of data.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 1989

This papaer presents a new algorithm for the P-wave detection in the ECG signal. Digital differentiation method (7-point derivative) is used for detecting P-waves exactly. This algorithm can detect various parameters of PR, PP, RR interval, which are important to diagnosis AV blocks and WPW syndrome. Especially, this algorithm can detect P-waves very efficiently not only in well-preprocessed waves but in pccr waves with noise and artifact. And it enables to develope more reliable automatic diagnosis algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1490-1499
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• 2022

Arrhythmia is a condition in which the heart has an irregular rhythm or abnormal heart rate, early diagnosis and management is very important because it can cause stroke, cardiac arrest, or even death. In this paper, we propose arrhythmia classification using hybrid combination model of CNN-BLSTM. For this purpose, the QRS features are detected from noise removed signal through pre-processing and a single bit segment was extracted. In this case, the GAN oversampling technique is applied to solve the data imbalance problem. It consisted of CNN layers to extract the patterns of the arrhythmia precisely, used them as the input of the BLSTM. The weights were learned through deep learning and the learning model was evaluated by the validation data. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were compared by using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The achieved scores indicate 99.30%, 98.70%, 97.50%, 98.06% in terms of the accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, respectively.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.747-763
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• 2000

through a literal study upon Arrhythmia between east and west medicine, the results were as follows 1. Arrhythmia is not only irregular cardiac beat but disorder of cardiac impulse making and conduction disturbance. it means almost irregularity of interval between two beat 2. In the east medicine, arrhythmia is represented various category as palpitation, continuous palpitation, dizziness, consumption which give the first consideration by the accompanied symptoms. A separate way in a diagnostics it become a base of diagnosis of diseases and decision of prognosis by the examination of pulse 3. In the west medicine, Arrhythmia is classified as disorder of heart rate, rhythm, conduction disturbance or tachycardia, bradycardia and it is concomitant with fatigue, palpitation, dyspnoea, syncope, chest discomfort 4. The diagnostic study of pulse condition which represent arrhythmia was started from $\mathbb{<}$Nae-Kyung$\mathbb{>}$ and it was revealed as pulse condition of rapid pulse, slow pulse, swift pulse, running pulse, knotted pulse, intermittent pulse etc. Out of them running pulse, knotted pulse, intermittent pulse which obviously are concomitant with irregularity of interval are clinically meaningful in a conditions of disease and decision of prognosis. and the significance of these pulse condition are transformed through the changes of the times 5. According to cause of disease it is classified by Arrhythmia(running pulse, knotted pulse, intermittent pulse) due to heat, cold, phlegm, deficiency(or insufficiency) and There are three categories of etiological factor that is, endogenous, exogenous and non-exo-endogenous factor. the endogenous factor is insufficiency of the heart Ki, deficiency of both Ki and blood, intemal stagnation of phlegm and fluid, stagnation of seven emotions. the exogenous factor is caused by stagnation of Ki and blood by six exogenous pathogenic factor and the non-exo-endgenous factors are improper diet, overstrain, traumatic injury. A cause of arrhythmia in western medicine are a organic and pathological change of the heart itself and malfunction of the autonomic nervous system.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.346-355
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• 2004

Background & Object : The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of electrogastrography on differential diagnosis of deficiency or excess Condition in patients with functional dyspepsia Methods : Selected symptoms for diagnosis of deficiency and excess in functional dyspepsia have been reviewed in some literatures, notably within Oriental medicine, Donguibogam and Gogeumdoseojipseong-uibujeolrok. This is what was investigated in this study. 93 patients (male 32, female 61) were divided into three groups; Non-pain group, Pre-treatment pain group (chief complain was abdominal pain at the first medical examination), and Mid-treatment pain group(they had no pain at the time of first medical examination, but showed abdominal pain within two weeks). 10 healthy people participated as normal controls. Gastric motility were recorded and analyzed using electrogastrography during fasting and postprandial period. In assessment, effectiveness was divided into validity, sensitivity and specificity. Results : Epigastric pain reflected the tendency for excess condition in comprehensive diagnosis, which was linked with postprandial arrhythmia in electrogastrography(p=0.001). Postprandial arrhythmia detected abdominal pain with a validity of 78.6%, a sensitivity of 79.2%, and a specificity of 78%(p<0.001). Conclusions : Results 1Tom Postprandial arrhythmia in electrogastrography support that the index of excess condition in the comprehensive diagnosis of symptoms is useful for patients with functional dyspepsia.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.185-194
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• 2020

Arrhythmia is basically diagnosed with the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, however, ECG is difficult to measure and it requires expert help in analyzing the signal. On the other hand, the radial pulse can be measured with easy and uncomplicated way in daily life, and could be suitable bio-signal for the recent untact paradigm and extensible signal for diagnosis of Korean medicine based on pulse pattern. In this study, we developed an irregular radial pulse detection algorithm based on a learning model and considered its applicability as arrhythmia screening. A total of 1432 pulse waves including irregular pulse data were used in the experiment. Three data sets were prepared with minimal preprocessing to avoid the heuristic feature extraction. As classification algorithms, elastic net logistic regression, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting were applied to each data set and the irregular pulse detection performances were estimated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation. The extreme gradient boosting method showed the superior performance than others and found that the classification accuracy reached 99.7%. The results confirmed that the proposed algorithm could be used for arrhythmia screening. To make a fusion technology integrating western and Korean medicine, arrhythmia subtype classification from the perspective of Korean medicine will be needed for future research.