• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.622-628
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• 2013

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), one of the major organosulfur components of garlic (Allium sativum), has various biological effects such as anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities. However, the molecular mechanisms of growth inhibition related to cell cycle arrest are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of DATS on cell cycle progression in U937 human leukemia cells. Treatment with DATS in U937 cells resulted in inhibition of cell viability through G2/M arrest and apoptosis. DATS-induced G2/M arrest was associated with up-regulation of cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). DATS also significantly increased levels of phospho-histone H3, which is a mitosis-specific marker, indicating that DATS induced mitotic arrest but not G2 arrest in U937 cells. DATS treatment also generated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in U937 cells; however, pretreatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, significantly attenuated DATS-induced mitotic arrest and apoptosis. Taken together, our data indicate that DATS exhibits anti-cancer effects through mitotic arrest and apoptosis in a ROS-dependent manner.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.108-113
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and socioenvironmental characteristics of sudden cardiorespiratory arrest after venipuncture in children. Methods: We conducted a retrospective email-based survey of all members of the Korean Pediatric Society. The questionnaire included items on patient demographics, socioenvironmental circumstances of the venipuncture, type of cardiorespiratory arrest, symptoms and signs, treatment, prognosis, and presumed cause of the arrest. Results: Fourteen patients were identified. Of these, 13 were young children (<2 years old), and 1 was 14 years old. All patients had been previously healthy and had no specific risk factors for sudden cardiorespiratory arrest. Most cases (n=11, 79%) were defined as cardiac or cardiorespiratory arrest, while the remaining cases (n=3, 21%) were defined as respiratory arrest. Aspiration (n=3), acute myocarditis (n=2), and laryngeal chemoreflex (n=1) were presumed as the causes; however, the exact causes were unclear. The overall prognosis was poor (death, n=7; morbidity, n=5; full recovery, n=2). The medical institutions faced severe backlash because of these incidents (out-of-court settlement, n=5; medical lawsuit, n=5; continuous harassment, n=3). Conclusion: Cardiorespiratory arrest after venipuncture is unpredictable and the probable cause of most cases is a vasovagal reaction. Medical personnel must be aware of the risk of unexpected cardiorespiratory arrest during routine intravenous procedures.

• Journal of the Korean neurological association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.310-313
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• 2018

The causes of sudden death after medullary infarction involve arrhythmia, central respiratory failure, and dysautonomia. Sudden cardiac arrest in a medullary infarction is uncommon. Most of these cases experienced sudden cardiopulmonary arrest within 2 weeks from stroke onset as the extent of lesion increased. Here, we report two cases of medullary infarction presenting as sudden cardiac arrest. These cases indicate that medullary infarction could be one of the causes of sudden cardiac arrest.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1225-1234
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• 2010

When most examining judges deny the request for an arrest warrant, they cite (as a reason) that there is no worry about escape or the destruction of evidence. Consequently, there has been no knowing what characteristics of a crime mainly affect the decision for an arrest warrant and there has been significant dispute about the exact decision criteria used for an arrest warrant. This paper classified the data about the request of arrest warrants for crimes committed in the jurisdiction of the Jinju Public Prosecutors' Office in 2006, 2007 and 2008, into 7 categories according to characteristics of the crimes. For each category we construct a statistical model about the decision on arrest warrants by applying a crosstabulation analysis in order to look for the characteristic of crime that affect the decision for an arrest warrant.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.231-236
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• 1999

This study was performed to examine 1) Whether hypothermic cardiac arrest produces myocardial HSP72 expression; 2) And if, whether it serves to protect the heart against the subsequent hypothermic arrest. In the present study, neonatal rats were placed in an icebath to induce hypothermia. To determine whether hypothermic cardiac arrest produces myocardial HSP72, experimental animals were subjected to 10-min hypothermic insult before the extraction of the heart. The intervals between the insult and extraction were 1 (1 HR), 4 (4 HR), 8 (8 HR), 24 (24 HR) or 72 (72HR) hours. A minimal amount of HSP72 was detected in control, 1 HR and 72 HR groups. In contrast, 8 HR and 24 HR groups showed a significant level of HSP72 expressions. To assess the cardioprotective effect of HSP72 against hypothermic cardiac arrest, we compared the proportion of recovery from the arrest between control and preconditioned (PREC) animals. Control animals were subjected to 20-min hypothermic insult, while PREC group was preconditioned by 10-min hypothermic insult 8 hours before the 20-min test hypothermic insult. Resuscitation rate from cardiac arrest induced by the 20-min hypothermic insult in PREC group was significantly higher than that in controls. These results suggest that the cardioprotective effect of hypothermic preconditioning is associated with an increase in HSP72 expression.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.343-345
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• 1998

Stellate ganglion block and cervical epidural nerve block are frequently practiced in pain clinics because of simple procedure and good effect. Nerve block at head and neck may produce serious complication such as loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest. Blood supply is rich in neck and inadvertent arterial injection of local anesthetics may enter directly into brain. We experienced convulsion and respiratory arrest during SGB and cervical epidural block. The patients were resuscitated successfully and recovered without any adverse effects.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.109-118
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• 2023

Cardiac arrest is a critical medical emergency where immediate response is essential for patient survival. This is especially true for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA), for which the actions of emergency medical services in the early stages significantly impact outcomes. However, in Korea, a challenge arises due to a shortage of dispatcher who handle a large volume of emergency calls. In such situations, the implementation of a machine learning-based OHCA detection program can assist responders and improve patient survival rates. In this study, we address this challenge by developing a machine learning-based OHCA detection program. This program analyzes transcripts of conversations between responders and callers to identify instances of cardiac arrest. The proposed model includes an automatic transcription module for these conversations, a text-based cardiac arrest detection model, and the necessary server and client components for program deployment. Importantly, The experimental results demonstrate the model's effectiveness, achieving a performance score of 79.49% based on the F1 metric and reducing the time needed for cardiac arrest detection by 15 seconds compared to dispatcher. Despite working with a limited dataset, this research highlights the potential of a cardiac arrest detection program as a valuable tool for responders, ultimately enhancing cardiac arrest survival rates.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.832-837
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• 2013

In this study, it was investigated the possible mechanisms by which glutamine deprivation exerts its anti-proliferative action in cultured human prostate carcinoma PC3 cells. Glutamine deprivation resulted in inhibition of growth and G2/M arrest of the cell cycle in a time-dependent manner without apoptosis induction, as determined by MTT assay, DAPI staining and flow cytometry analyses. The induction of G2/M arrest by glutamine deprivation was associated with the inhibition of expression of Cdc2, cyclin A and cyclin B1, and up-regulation of the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1) in both transcriptional and translational levels. Moreover, glutamine deprivation increased the phosphorylation of checkpoint kinase (Chk)1 and Chk2; however, the levels of Cdc25C phosphorylation were decreased in response to glutamine deprivation in a time-dependent manner. Our data provide a first biochemical evidence that glutamine deprivation suppresses cell viability through G2/M phase arrest without induction of apoptosis in PC3 cells.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1555-1563
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• 2007

To idenifty effect of Bojungbangam-tang kakambang on Cisplatin-Induced G2/M Phase Arrest in Human Renal Proximal Tubular HK-2 Cells. Cytotoxicity of cisplatin was detected in HK-2 cells and the value of IC50 is about $25\;{\mu}M$. The treatment of cisplatin to HK-2 showed the G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. The ethanol extract of Bojungbangam-tang kakambang (EBTKB), a new herbal prescription composed of ten crude herbs, inhibited cisplatin-induced G2/M phase arrest in HK-2 cells. EBTKB increased G0/G1 peak in cisplatin-treated HK-2 cells. p53, p21 and p27 expression were increased in cisplatin-treated HK-2 cells. Inhibitory effect of EBTKB on cisplatin-induced G2/M phase arrest was accomplished through inhibition of p53, p21 and p27 expression. Also, reduced CDK2 and cyclin A expression by cisplatin were increased by EBTKB, but cyclin E was not changed. Reduction of ERK activation and increment of p38 activation by cisplatin were increased ERK activation and decreased p38 activation by EBTKB. Cisplatin had no effect on JNK activation, but EBTKB increased JNK activation. These results can suggest that EBTKB inhibits cisplatin-induced G2/M phase arrest in HK-2 cell through reduction of p53-dependent p21 and p27 protein, ERK activation and p38 inactivation.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2013

Hospitals in Korea are enforcing a quality control over 119Emergency Medical Services to increase the survival rate of Out of Hospital Cardiac arrest patients. This study is to analyze the factors that effect the survival rate of Out of hospital Cardiac arrest patients by comparing the results of before and after the quality control enforcement. Cardiac arrest patients can be assorted into pre-decision group and decision group. The study analyzed the survival factors which was based on the adequate use of 119 BLS and ACLS usage rates, response time of 119EMS, qualification of ambulance worker, number of EMS team members, and adequate use of AED according to ECG diagnosis. The analyzation was done over total 1,233 of Cardiac arrest patients from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011 After the enforcement of the quality control, the usage of Vital sign check and BLS showed a big difference. Especially, as the usage of ECG showed a significant difference, Shockable rhythm, which is the most important to Cardiac arrest patients, also showed a significant difference. After the enforcement of quality control, the performance of ACLS showed a significant difference in IV. The study showed 119 ambulance workers provided better service in Vital sign and BLS and ACLS after the enforcement of quality control. It is considered a 119 ambulance service effects the survival rate of Cardiac arrest patients. Therefore, it can increase the survival rate and it is necessary to continue a quality control.