• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.893-901
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• 2023

The International Association Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) proposed guidelines for VTS manual operation in 2016 for safe and efficient operation of ship. The Korea Coast Guard (KCG) established and operated 19 VTS centers in ports and coastal waters across the country by 2022 based on the IALA VTS manual and VTS operator's education and training guidelines. In addition, IALA proposed the Inter-VTS Exchange Format (IVEF) Service recommendation (V-145), a standard for data exchange between VTS, in 2011 for efficient e-Navigation system services and safe and efficient VTS service support by VTS authorities. The IVEF service in a common framework for ship information exchange, and it presents seven basic IVEF service (BISs) models. VTS service providers can provide safer and more efficient VTS services by sharing VTS information on joint area using IVEF standards. Based on the BIS data, interaction, and interfacing models, this paper introduced the development of the cloud-based VTS integration services performed by the KCG and the results of the VTS integration platform test-bed for IVEF service implementation. In addition, the results of establishing a cloud VTS integrated platform test-bed for the implementation of IVEF service and implementing the main functions of IVEF service were presented.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.612-618
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• 2023

Modern society spends more than 80% of its daily life indoors, emphasizing the need for attention to indoor air pollution due to the improvement in living standards. In this study, the performance and reaction characteristics of the Pt/TiO₂ catalysts prepared by liquid-phase reduction for the removal of formaldehyde (HCHO), one of the indoor air pollutants, at room temperature without the need for additional light or heat were investigated. As a result, it showed that catalysts prepared by the same method showed approximately 40~80% various activities depending on the type of TiO₂. XRD, BET, and XPS analyses were performed to investigate the particle size, crystal structure, specific surface area, and O/Ti molar ratio of the support material, and it revealed that the correlation between the properties and performance was insignificant. To explore the oxidation reaction pathway of formaldehyde (HCHO), in situ DRIFT analysis using carbon monoxide and H₂-TPR was perfomed. The results revealed that the performance was demonstrated by the oxidation state of the active metal and the adsorption-desorption characteristics of the adsorbate species.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2023

As cities become overcrowded and concentrated, the demand for public services continues to increase due to the improvement of the living standards of urban residents. Among them, fire service can be seen as one of the important public services by reducing damage caused by accidents in emergency situations and affecting the improvement of access to medical services for urban residents. Rapid movement of patients and medical institutions within golden time and proper first aid are essential elements in emergency situations, and Seoul is a super-large city with a large population of about 10 million people and has a large number of emergency medical patients. Therefore, this study used spatial regression analysis to examine the factors affecting the delay factors of emergency dispatch in Seoul to secure golden time, and derived management priorities, and suggested implications for the management of emergency vehicle dispatch delay factors. As a result of the main analysis, land-use characteristics were the most influential factor in emergency vehicle dispatch time, and land-use mixing, commercial area density, average patient age, and average road length were found to affect emergency vehicle dispatch time in order. This study can be used as important basic data for an accurate understanding of the delay factors for emergency dispatch and preparing countermeasures according to priorities.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.18-29
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• 2024

The aggravation of coastal erosion due to climate change has recently emerged as a global issue, and the international community is aware of the risk and is applying national consultations and various policies. In the case of coastal countries located in the Mediterranean Sea and the Caribbean Sea, coastal buffer zones and coastal management plans are established at a national level, and the United States is establishing coastal area management plans at the city level. In Korea, coastal erosion management areas are designated and managed to prevent coastal erosion and coastal disasters, but the number of designated areas and policies for coastal land areas are lacking. Therefore, in this study, we study policy cases applied to coastal land to prevent and reduce coastal erosion and coastal disasters through policy status and overseas cases, and seek ways to improve coastal buffer zone policies. As a result of the study, implications were drawn that expansion of the coastal buffer zone for coastal land areas and standards for establishing buffer zones based on scientific analysis are necessary.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

This research investigated the preparation of activated carbon derived from Krabok (Irvingia malayana) seed shells to improve the quality of crude glycerol obtained during biodiesel production. The activated carbon was prepared using a dry chemical activation method with NaOH, utilizing an innovative biomass incinerator. The results revealed that the resulting KC/AC-two-step exhibited favorable physicochemical adsorption properties, with a high surface area of 758.72 m²/g and an iodine number of 611.10 mg/g. These values meet the criteria of the industrial product standard for activated carbon No. TIS 900-2004, as specified by the Ministry of Industry in Thailand. Additionally, the adsorption efficiency for methylene blue reached an impressive 99.35 %. This developed activated carbon was then used to improve the quality of crude glycerol obtained from biodiesel production. The experimental results showed that the KC/AC-two-step increased the purity of crude glycerol to 73.61 %. In comparison, commercially available activated carbon (C/AC) resulted in a higher crude glycerol purity of 81.19 %, as analyzed by the GC technique. Additionally, the metal content (Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Cd, and Na) in purified glycerol using KC/AC-two-step was below the standards for heavy metals permitted in food and cosmeceuticals by the Food and Drug Administration of Thailand and the European Committee for Food Contact Materials and Articles. As a result, it can be inferred that Krabok seed shells have favorable properties for producing activated carbon suitable as an adsorbent to enhance crude glycerol purity. Furthermore, the improved crude glycerol from this research has potential for various industrial applications.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.175-184
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• 2023

The elderly in rural areas are faced with the dilemma of poor community environment, weak social communication ability and insufficient pension knowledge reserve. In addition, due to the serious shortage of social security facilities in rural areas and medical resources, the elderly are struggling, and the suicide rate is far higher than that in urban areas. In order to make the elderly have a comfortable pension environment and face the increasingly serious aging problem with a positive attitude, this paper takes the community environment of the Baima Tibetan elderly in Tielou Township, Gansu Province as the research object of aging transformation. First of all, literature data were used to carry out research on the aging transformation in rural areas. On the basis of sorting out previous research topics, ERG theory was determined as the guide. Secondly, the research methods of on-site investigation, interview and other research methods are adopted to investigate the number of left-behind elderly people in this area, and classify them according to the national standards. At the same time, the image of the current situation of the community environment of the elderly. Finally, combined with the ERG theory, the transformation design of the elderly living environment is implemented, mainly from the three aspects of survival, mutual relationship and growth.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.137-142
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• 2024

Recently, deep learning technology has become those methods as de facto standards in the area of medical data representation. But, deep learning inherently requires a large amount of training data, which poses a challenge for its direct application in the medical field where acquiring large-scale data is not straightforward. Additionally, brain signal modalities also suffer from these problems owing to the high variability. Research has focused on designing deep neural network structures capable of effectively extracting spectro-spatio-temporal characteristics of brain signals, or employing self-supervised learning methods to pre-learn the neurophysiological features of brain signals. This paper analyzes methodologies used to handle small-scale data in emerging fields such as brain-computer interfaces and brain signal-based state prediction, presenting future directions for these technologies. At first, this paper examines deep neural network structures for representing brain signals, then analyzes self-supervised learning methodologies aimed at efficiently learning the characteristics of brain signals. Finally, the paper discusses key insights and future directions for deep learning-based brain signal analysis.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.983-995
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• 2023

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement between contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) for evaluating the resectability in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included treatment-naïve patients with pathologically confirmed eCCA, who underwent both CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP using extracellular contrast media between January 2015 and December 2020. Among the 214 patients (146 males; mean age ± standard deviation, 68 ± 9 years) included, 121 (56.5%) had perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. R0 resection was achieved in 108 of the 153 (70.6%) patients who underwent curative-intent surgery. Four fellowship-trained radiologists independently reviewed the findings of both CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP to assess the local tumor extent and distant metastasis for determining resectability. The pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP were compared using clinical, surgical, and pathological findings as reference standards. The interobserver agreement of resectability was evaluated using Fleiss kappa (κ). Results: No significant differences were observed between CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP in the pooled AUC (0.753 vs. 0.767), sensitivity (84.7% [366/432] vs. 90.3% [390/432]), and specificity (52.6% [223/424] vs. 51.4% [218/424]) (P > 0.05 for all). The AUC for determining resectability was higher when CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP were reviewed together than when CECT was reviewed alone in patients with discrepancies between the imaging modalities or with indeterminate resectability (0.798 [0.754-0.841] vs. 0.753 [0.697-0.808], P = 0.014). The interobserver agreement for overall resectability was fair for both CECT (κ = 0.323) and CE-MRI with MRCP (κ = 0.320), without a significant difference (P = 0.884). Conclusion: CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP showed no significant differences in the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement in determining the resectability in patients with eCCA.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.13-31
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop a career education program linked to home economics in middle school to improve adolescents' ability to respond to the rapidly changing future society. The research procedure was conducted in four steps: Analysis, Design, Development, and Evaluation. In the analysis step, related prior studies were analyzed to identify the units and contents that linked home economics and career education. In the design step, learning topics and contents according to the design thinking process were selected and the overall program process was designed to cultivate entrepreneurship based on the textbook analysis results. In the development step, the goals and achievement standards of school career education linked to home economics were set for each class, and a total of eight teaching and learning plans, twenty-three types of teaching and learning materials, and expert validity verification questionnaires were developed. In the evaluation step, the validity of the developed program was verified by nine experts. The developed program was verified for overall programs, and the validity of the program was 0.94. It is expected that the career education program linked to home economics will contribute to foster the adolescents' entrepreneurship so they can design their future on their own and allow them to manage their life proactively.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.337-348
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• 2012

The Yellow Sea Ecoregion Conservation Project is a joint international project which is carried out under the purposes of conserving the habitats in the Yellow Sea Ecoregion and biodiversity from various threats that damage ecosystems, informing the importance and value of the Yellow Sea Ecoregion, and promoting the understanding and interests of Korea, China and Japan. Subsequent to the Yellow Sea Ecoregion Planning Programme which had been performed during the period from 2002 to 2006, the Yellow Sea Ecoregion Support Project has been performed over 7 years in total from 2007 to 2014. Panasonic is sponsoring the financing of the project, and the organizations in charge of the project by country are Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology for Korea and World Wide Fund for Nature branches for China and Japan. While the Yellow Sea Ecoregion Planning Programme was focused on the biological assessment and the selection of potential priority area by scientific review, the Yellow Sea Ecoregion Support Project is oriented toward practical activities targeting more diversified stakeholder. Especially, this project plans to support direct conservation activities in the region and participation and cooperation from local residents. The project plan is comprised of 3 phases. During the first period from 2008 to 2009, small grant projects were operated targeting 16 institutions of Korea and China, and for the second period from 2010 to 2012, one place each was selected as demonstration site for habitat conservation in Korea and China respectively and supported for three years to introduce the conservation method based on international standards such as the management of marine protected areas, ecosystem-based management and community-based management and simultaneously to develop habitat conservation activities suitable for national and regional characteristics. During the period from 2013 to 2014 which is the last phase, the project plans to distribute the performance of small grant projects and demonstration site activities through a series of forums among stakeholder. Through the activities described above, the recognition of general public on the conservation of the Yellow Sea Ecoregion was changed positively, and community-based management began to be reflected in the policies for the marine protected areas of central and local government.