• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2012

The development of digital media made the change of architectural paradigm from tectonic to the surface and pattern. This means the transition to the new kind of materiality and the resurrection of ornament. This study started as an aim to apply biological pattern to architectural design from the new perception of pattern. Architectural patterns in the early era appeared as ladders, steps, chains, trees, vortices. But since 21st century, we can find patterns in nature like atoms and molecular structures, fluid forms of dynamics and new geometrical pattern like fractal and first of all biological patterns like viruses and micro-organisms, Voronoi cells, DNA structure, rhizomes and various hybrids and permutations of these. Pattern became one of the most important elements and themes of contemporary architecture through the change of materiality and resurrection of ornament with the new perception of surface in architecture. One of the patterns that give new creative availability to the architectural design is biological pattern which is self-organized as an optimum form through interaction with environment. Biological patterns emerge mostly as self-replicating patterns through morphogenesis, certain geometrical patterns(in particular triangles, pentagons, hexagons and spirals). The architectural application methods of biological patterns are direct figural pattern of organism, circle pattern, polygon pattern, energy-material control pattern, differentiation pattern, parametric pattern, growth principle pattern, evolutionary ecologic pattern. These patterns can be utilized as practical architectural patterns through the use of computer programs as morphogenetic programs like L-system, MoSS program and genetic algorithm programs like Grasshoper, Generative Components with the help of computing technology like mapping and scripting.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2023

다양한 산업에 영향을 미치고 있는 소프트웨어의 규모와 복잡도가 높아지면서 소프트웨어 아키텍처의 역할이 매우 중요해지고 있다. 소프트웨어 아키텍트는 이러한 아키텍처를 설계할 때 종종 경험적 직관에 의존한다. 그럼에도 아키텍처 설계에 관한 방법론이 다양하게 연구되고 있으나, 시스템에 여러 아키텍처 패턴(architectural pattern)을 적용하는 구체적인 방법이나 적용 순서에 따른 효과에 관해서는 다루고 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 먼저, 같은 아키텍처 패턴 세트(set)를 동일 시스템에 적용할 때, 적용 순서에 따른 아키텍처 설계 결과의 상이성에 관해 설명한다. 이러한 현상적 논리를 바탕으로 아키텍처 패턴 적용이 필요한 요구사항들을 사전에 식별하고, 적용할 패턴을 분류하는 방안을 제시한다. 또한 분류한 패턴들을 효율적으로 적용하기 위해 적용 순서를 정할 수 있도록 요구사항의 우선순위를 정하는 절차를 제안하며 사례연구를 통해 아키텍처 패턴 유형을 기반으로 요구사항을 우선순위화하는 것이 품질 속성 측면에서 효율적인 소프트웨어 아키텍처 설계에 도움이 됨을 보인다.

• Architectural research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

This research has acquired preliminary information about the existing conditions and understanding of members regarding time management for members in the architectural field. The goal of this research is to construct a basis for the time management education framework in architectural field in the future. This research mainly focuses on following questions based on limited objectives: Do groups of academics and professionals have understanding and knowledge of time management? Can the level of an individual's scheduling techniques be correlated to the patterns of knowledge and understanding of time management principles and practices? Can the time management practice status in individual's working environment be correlated to the patterns of knowledge and understanding of time management principles and practices? Can an individual's self-confidence level be correlated to the patterns of knowledge and understanding of time management principles and practices? Data have been collected through comprehensive questionnaires given to academics and professionals in United States. By means of statistical analysis, the hidden patterns, deficiencies and relationships in attitudes about time management have been revealed. The statistical analysis has produced conclusions that, among several subdivisions, self-discipline and planning have strong relationships and confidence, personal organization, control, and information gathering subdivisions have certain relationships with objectives of time management education in this research.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제34호
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• pp.114-123
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• 2002

Koreans have regarded the red as a major color from old times. The red is a traditional color to have symbols of high position, national foundation and especially royalty. So, we can see the reds in the palace for kings very much.The purpose of this study is to draw out the features of color red in the Kyungbok palace. The color was analyzed by two categories-architectural buildings${\cdot}$structures and ornamental painted patterns. The major findings from this research are summarized as follows:1. Seokganju(similar to terra rossa) and toyugsaek(light seokganju) are found main colors in architectural space, while seokganju has a linear effect and toyuk has a facial effect. 2. Yugsaek(similar to light vermillion) and Jangdan(similar to orange) are found main colors in ornamental painted patterns. These colors are more vivid and brighter than those for architectural space.3. As for two-color combination, reds and blues(including greens) are found major combination both of architectural space and ornamental patterns. And reds and white are the following combination, which gives an bright image by white. 4. As for three-color combination, red-white-black combination of pediment and red-blue-white combination of openings are found very popular in architectural space, while red-blue-yellow combination is most popular in ornamental patterns.The reds are found dominant color of both architectural space and ornamental patterns in the Kyungbok palace. The color design as shown in the Kyungbok palace can be considered as the feature of traditional color design.

• 정보과학회 논문지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.341-360
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• 2015

패턴은 소프트웨어 개발에서 얻은 경험을 구조화한 것으로 문제해결에 이용되는 반면, 문제틀은 소프트웨어 문제를 분석하는 방법이다. 문제틀은 해법이라기 보다는 문제 도메인에 중점을 두고 있기 때문에 문제를 이해하는데 유용하다. 문제틀과 소프트웨어 아키텍처를 연결하는 기존 연구들은 주어진 문제를 이해하는데 치중하여 문제틀을 이용할 뿐 문제틀과 품질속성 모두를 고려하면서 아키텍처 패턴을 도출하고 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 문제틀과 아키텍처 패턴의 매칭을 통한 소프트웨어 패턴 기반 아키텍처 설계 방법을 제안한다. 먼저, 문제틀 방법에 따라 문제 모델을 개발한 후 기능 및 품질속성 관점에서 문제 모델을 아키텍처 패턴 후보와 매칭한다. 논문은 기능 매칭을 위해서는 문제틀 다이어그램을 이용한 아키텍처 패턴의 문제 모델을, 품질속성을 고려하기 위해서는 새로운 분석 템플릿을 사용하여 아키텍처를 설계하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한, 사례연구를 통해 제안한 방법이 올바른 아키텍처 패턴을 결정하는 체계적인 프로세스이며 잘 정제된 소프트웨어 아키텍처 설계를 위한 기초가 됨을 보인다.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제9D권5호
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• pp.877-886
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• 2002

소프트웨어 재사용의 문제는 두 가지 측면에서 검토해 볼 수 있는 데, 하나는 이미 개발이 완료된 소프트웨어 컴포넌트를 조합하여 재사용하는 방법이고, 다른 한 가지는 소프트웨어들이 공통적으로 갖는 구조적인 패턴을 정의해서 재사용 하는 방법이다. 물론 이 두 가지가 소프트 웨어의 구조설계에 중요한 방법이긴 하지만, 이 두 방식의 차이점은 소프트웨어 컴포넌트는 프로그램 컨텐츠가 채워진 빌딩블록들을 재사용 하여 소프트웨어를 쉽게 구성하는 것인 반면, 소프트웨어 구조패턴은 빌딩블록의 내용보다는 빌딩블록의 틀, 즉 빌딩블록간의 연결을 통한 구조화에 더 관심이 있는 것이라고 하겠다. 논문은 후자의 경우와 같이 소프트웨어 응용에서 많이 발견되는 구조적인 소프트웨어 패턴을 분석하고 체계적으로 정의하여, 이 패턴들이 소프트웨어 구조 설계 시 유용하게 활용될 수 있도록 하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 특히, 이제까지 소프트웨어의 구조적인 패턴을 설명하는 데 중요한 모델이 되어 왔던 소프트웨어 구조 스타일을 분석하고 정형화하여 다양한 응용의 소프트웨어 구조설계에 활용될 패턴형 컴포넌트를 정의하고자 한다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the fuzzy pattern that is reflected on the inside of the value evaluator in measuring the economic value of architectural aesthetic using the fuzzy-contingent valuation method. The main results of analyzing the relationship between architectural aesthetic and fuzzy patterns by typing 307 fuzzy patterns collected from visitors at Dongdaemun Design Plaza are as follows: First, low levels of architectural aesthetic can be a primary cause of extreme refusal of payment. However, it was confirmed that the extreme refusal of payment could partially involve mentality of free-ride on public goods or mentality that would not give value to past events that are not future. Second, if the architectural aesthetic score is 77.5, the most perfect form of fuzzy pattern is formed. It is confirmed that the fuzzy form, which is the standard in the relationship between architectural aesthetic and money value, is made at 77.5 points. This means that it is most efficient to have 77.5 points of architectural aesthetic to secure balanced data by membership in the study of architectural aesthetic value measurement through fuzzy pattern. Third, according to the architectural aesthetic score, respondents can be interpreted as follows: no monetary willingness arises before or after 52.4, starts to respond to the amount before and after 65.6, severe conflict over payments around 70.6~71.7, stronger willingness to pay around 77.6, want to pay for sure around 80.0.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2019

The growth in the number of single-member households is a critical issue worldwide, especially among the elderly. For those living alone, who may be unaware of their health status or routines that could improve their health, a continuous healthcare monitoring system could provide valuable feedback. Assessing the performance adequacy of activities of daily living (ADL) can serve as a measure of an individual's health status; previous research has focused on determining a person's daily activities and extracting the most frequently performed behavioral patterns using camera recordings or wearable sensing techniques. However, existing methods used to extract common patterns of an occupant's activities in the home fail to address the spatio-temporal dimensions of human activities simultaneously. Though multiple sequence alignment (MSA) offers some advantages - such as inherent containment of the spatio-temporal data in sequence format, and rapid identification of hidden patterns - MSA has rarely been used to extract in-home ADL routines. This research proposes a method to extract a household occupant's ADL routines from a cumulative spatio-temporal data log of occupancy collected using a non-intrusive method (i.e., a tomographic motion detection system). The findings from an occupant's 28-day spatio-temporal activity log demonstrate the capacity of the proposed approach to identify routine patterns of an occupant's daily activities and to reveal the order, duration, and frequency of routine activities. Routine ADL patterns identified from the proposed approach are expected to provide a basis for detecting/evaluating abrupt or gradual changes of an occupant's ADL patterns that result from a physical or mental disorder, and can offer valuable information for home automation applications by enabling the prediction of ADL patterns.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.559-563
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• 2015

Identification of energy use patterns in buildings has a great opportunity for energy saving. To find what energy use patterns exist, clustering analysis has been commonly used such as K-means and hierarchical clustering method. In case of high dimensional data such as energy use time-series, data reduction should be considered to avoid the curse of dimensionality. Principle Component Analysis, Autocorrelation Function, Discrete Fourier Transform and Discrete Wavelet Transform have been widely used to map the original data into the lower dimensional spaces. However, there still remains an ongoing issue since the performance of clustering analysis is dependent on data type, purpose and application. Therefore, we need to understand which data reduction techniques are suitable for energy use management. This research aims find the best clustering method using energy use data obtained from Seoul National University campus. The results of this research show that most experiments with data reduction techniques have a better performance. Also, the results obtained helps facility managers optimally control energy systems such as HVAC to reduce energy use in buildings.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

보안은 소프트웨어 개발에 있어서 주요한 관심사중 하나이다. 보안 전술(Security tactics)은 아키텍처 수준에서 보안의 문제를 해결하기 위한 재사용 가능한 빌딩 블록으로, 소프트웨어 시스템의 구조를 수립하기 위한 일반적인 해결책인 아키텍처 패턴(Architectural Pattern)과 자주 함께 사용된다. 하지만, 아키텍처 패턴에서의 아키텍처 전술은 패턴이나 전술 참여자들이 구조적/행위적으로 어떻게 함께 설계되어야 하는지에 대한 구체적인 이해 없이 보통 개념적으로만 이해되고 만다. 본 논문에서는 대표적인 아키텍처 패턴중 하나인 Broker패턴에서 이와 함께 사용 가능한 보안 전술을 모델 기반으로 표현하고, 실세계에서 어떻게 이 개념이 적용되었는지에 대한 구체적인 사례를 소개한다.