• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 2008

Behaviors of cemented engineered soils, composed of rigid sand particle and soft rubber particle, are investigated under $K_o$ condition. The uncemented and cemented specimens are prepared with various sand volume fractions to estimate the effect of the cementation in mixtures. The vertical deformation and elastic wave velocities with vertical stress are measured. The bender elements and PZT sensors are used to measure elastic wave velocities. After cementation, the slope of vertical strain shows bilinear and is similar to that of uncemented specimen after decementation. Normalized vertical strains can be divided into capillary force, cementation, and decementation region. The first deflection of the shear wave in near field matches the first arrival of the primary wave. The elastic wave velocities dramatically increase due to cementation hardening under the fixed vertical stress, and are almost identical with additional stress. After decementation, the elastic wave velocities increase with increase in the vertical stress. The effect of cementation hinders the typical rubber-like, sand-like, and transition behaviors observed in uncemented specimens. Different mechanism can be expected in decementation of the rigid-soft particle mixtures due to the sand fraction. a shape change of individual particles in low sand fraction specimens; a fabric change between particles in high sand fraction specimens. This study suggests that behaviors of cemented engineered soils, composed of rigid-soft particles, are distinguished due to the cementation and decementation from those of uncemented specimens.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.14 no.2 s.42
• /
• pp.143-157
• /
• 2005

This study aims to analyze functions and characteristics of 'Cha-il(遮日)' which was used at ritual events(宮中儀禮行事) in the Joseon dynasty, Joseon dynasty had many ritual events related with O-Rae(五禮). Cha-il was almost used at important ritual events, especially at the congratulatory events. The congratulatory events(宮中宴享) are the representative events were held with many temporary install facilities(假設施設) in a palace. Cha-il was a kind of Korean traditional membrane structures. Cha-il was set up for cutting off interior space from sunlight and rain. In general, Cha-il was Consisted of Cha-il-jang(遮日帳:woven fabric), Cha-il-jook(遮日竹:bamboo column), some ropes, and fixing wares. In the congratulatory events, three types of Cha-il. were set up. Baek-mok-Dae-Cha-il(白木大遮日)was made of cotton cloth. Yu-Dun-Cha-Il(油芚遮日) was made of oiled paper or oiled cotton cloth. Man-Joen-Cha-Il(滿箭遮日) consisted of wooden structure. Baek-mok-Dae-Cha-il(白木大遮日)was set up on the most important area of stage for protecting from sunlight. Yu-Dun-Cha-Il was set up on less important area of stage for protecting from sunlight and rain. Man-Joen-Cha-Il was set up below Baek-mok-Dae-Cha-il for supporting and draining raindrops off. The results of this study were as follows; Functions of Cha-il were to protect ritually space from sunlight and rain, and to extend ritually space, and to reconstruct ritually space. Cha-il was the peculiar temporary install facility which differed from other countries.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2009

ETFE is the abbreviation of Ethlene Tetra Fluoro Ethlene, a sort of colorless and transparent granules. The advantage of ETFE film has chemical resistance, anti-stick property, very lightly material. The thickness of ETFE film is used to from 50 ${\mu}m$ to 300 ${\mu}m$ and have superior ability of daylight transmission and elongation, while the strength is lower than of fabric membrane. The tensile strength of ETFE film changes from 40Mpa to 60Mpa and the tensile strain at break can get to about 300-400%. The mechanical characteristic test of ETFE film is described in this paper. The tensile strain at break, the tensile strength and the stress-strain curve are obtained from the test. And then it was analyzed stress-strain characteristic by temperature and mechanical characteristic by cycling load.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.2 no.2 s.4
• /
• pp.37-49
• /
• 1993

The Purpose of this study is to look for the total conspectus of Roo-Jong(RJ) Architecture in the middle and latter era of Koryo Dynasty. The method of this study is the review of old literature, the Roo-Jung description of Dong-Mun-Sun, which had compiled in the Ninth year of Seung-Jong (AD 1478) by confucian scholar. The conclusions of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) The main currents of thought having a great influence on the RJ are thought of Mountain God (or Sin Sun, which is dwelling in mountain) or Taoist, thought of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu. They had required the RJ Architecture to pursuit the life of God. In this existence value meaning, the RJ Architecturethe is the semi-sacred & profane space. In the being aspect, RJ is the transcendental architecture. 2) The way of life of in the RJ had strongly turned from the personal space, mainly mind control place, into the friendship-society space, pastime place. 3) The RJ had located after the images that is what should be. The images were formed on the ground of natural landscape elements, communication elements. And these elements were indicated on one's visual, auditorial sensation with oneself. 4) In planning aspect, the scope of visual, Pungsu and history were aided with the factors of climate, topography and geography. Specially in location and fabric planning, they had regarded more important the objects and scope of visual than the climate factor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.61 no.8
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 2011

Upholstery style is the form which bulges a shape by putting fillings in the support and covering them with patterned textile or pile fabric. Modern upholstery style was combined with the various socio-cultural products and artistic styles and expressed in interior furniture and costumes of historical time periods. The style first originated when people built houses for settlement and made furniture to decorate its interior. The characteristics of upholstery style came to be prominent in the Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo times with the development of science and textile industry. The interior furniture represented the ages of the Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo and were made with similar images of the architectural style from those different time periods. Textiles, tapestry, velvet, corduroy, damask, brocade, and the most frequently used velvet are elements that make up the structural and figurative features of the architectural style. The upholstery style of furniture also shows the forms of clothing that represents each of the different periods. This style still continues to be used today. In modern day fashion, the figurative characteristics of the upholstery style that derives from interior furniture and clothing from the different time periods are bulkiness, asymmetry and exoticism. Such figurative characteristics have evolved through the combination of diverse genres but it still maintains similar designs and forms.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.140-150
• /
• 2013

The weaving of Mosi(fine ramie) in the Hansan region was inscribed on the representative list of the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage in 2011. Unlike other fabric, as the Mosi is very sensitive towards humidity it needs different conditions for its workspace. The Hansan region is near the sea with many mountains around where it is easy for the Mosi to grow and is an appropriate place to weave Mosi. Recently the manpower for weaving of Mosi in the Hansan area is decreasing with the decrease of workspace drastically. After the investigation of workspace for the weaving of Mosi in the Hansan area, most of the places were done in individual houses and it could be classified in 1. Mosi storeroom, 2. Shed(Gwang che), 3. Dugout hut, 4. Under the toenmaru The depth of the dugout hut and under the toenmaru is around 80~60cm which is similar with the depth of the prehistoric dugout hut houses. The towns for weaving of Hansan Mosi are formed mostly in the Seochungun district, but the Hoamri Hansan-myeon and Gayangri Masan-myeon has the most traditional workspaces and they are still forming and maintaining the traditional town composition. However the numbers are too small and maintaining the traditional town is getting more difficult, so a plan for the maintenance should be made to continue to keep it as UNESCO intangible cultural heritage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.98-115
• /
• 2017

This study categorizes the formative aspects of dress and their implications according to the extent of revealing or concealing corporeality based on body perceptions. By considering the notion of dress as bodily practice to be a theoretical and methodological framework, this study combines a literature survey and case analysis to analyze and classify the forms of women's dress since the 1920s when contemporary fashion took hold. As examined in this study, the typology of dress was categorized as body-consciousness, deformation, transformation, and formlessness. Body-consciousness that is achieved through tailoring, bias cutting, and stretchy fabric displays corporeality focusing on the structure and function of the body as an internalized corset. Deformations in dress are categorized into two different subcategories. One is the expansion or reduction of bodily features based on the vertical or horizontal grids of the body, which visualizes the anachronistic restraint of the body through an innerwear as outerwear strategy. The other is exaggerations of the bodily features irrelevant to the grid, which break from the limitations and constraints of the body as well as traditional notions of the body. Transformations of the body refer to as follows. First, the deconstruction and restructuring of the body that deconstruct the stereotypes in garment construction. Second, the abstraction of the body that emphasizes the geometrical and architectural shapes. Third, transformable designs which pursue the expansion and multiplicity of function. Formlessness in dress denies the perception of three-dimensionality of the body through the planarization of the body.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.100-114
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of supermodern fashion designer's work, which is shown by responding to supermodern environment where non-spaces such as road, railroad and airport are surplus in modern city environment. For the study, the researcher used existing study and specialized book basically and analyzed photograph materials by selecting them in specialized fashion book, internet site and designer's homepage. The results of this study showed that supermodern fashion design is the functional fashion responding to the change of time and space concept of supermodern society directly. As the common points of supermodern designer's works, first, they try to create private space enabling wearer to cope with risk caused by the environmental change and transitional space by adding architectural factor to fashion. Second, they display the design with protective function and metaphorical expression of concealment and deception in the supermodern environment where nonspace is increasing. Third, designers search the functional design from the aspect of fabric and detail while intending the technology in order to cope with supermodern environment.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.154-159
• /
• 2010

Various decorative patterns and sculptures found in antique architectures like palace architecture and temple architecture are not only valuable assets of our culture but have religious meaning at the same time and show aesthetic aspiration and desire of Korean people. In this study, potential application of patterns in textile industry is suggested based on the reconstructed and patternized geometric patterns of window grids, a decorative element in architecture, and stair and stair somaetdol, a architectural element in Buddhist temples, using Photoshop and Illustrator program of Adobe INC AND Tex-pro program of Youngwoo CNI INC. All around the world today, efforts to reinterpret unique and antique architectures and cultural assets in a modern way has been increasing. Decorative patterns displayed in Buddhist temple architectures which are antique Korean architectures have excellent geometric aesthetic value. And the development potential of patternizing these elements into modern designs is high. Therefore, it is thought to be possible to develop high value-added fabric and to develop various fashion items including apparel and interior decoration based on modern reinterpretation of patterns of window grid and decorative elements of stairs and stair somaetol that are part of our antique architectures.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2016

This paper identified the source of inspiration to cooperatively design a fashion collection from US undergraduate clothing design students and addressed how to implement team-based learning strategy to conceptual clothing design in class. Data was collected from the total of 51 students in a senior clothing design course at a large 4-year university in the US. The assigned project for this class was to develop a group collection under a same theme. Each student worked with his/her team member(s) to create an outfit and the entire class worked as a group to create a cohesive collection. The study showed that the sources of inspiration for the themes/concepts came from 11categories: historic era/old Hollywood glamour, shape/line/structure/architectural, fairy tales movies, nature/abstract, circus/mysterious, occasion/place, object, designer/artist, futuristic, culture, and various movies. To implement cooperative learning strategies in the clothing design class, a total of five class presentation/discussion sessions were held for theme/concept decision, fabric decision, design decision, test garment evaluation and design modification, and final products. Throughout the design process, team-based learning strategy promoted students' engagement and participation and inspired their critical thinking skills for making decisions within a team.