• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 2002

Blepharospasm and apraxia of lid opening(ALO) are non-paralytic causes of involuntary eyelid closure. Clinically it is difficult to differentiate blepharospasm and ALO, and these two conditions are sometimes associated. We report a case of pretarsal blepharospasm presenting as apraxia of lid opening. 55-year-old woman was noted to have voluntary eye opening difficulty. We synchronously record the electromyographic(EMG) from the levator palpebrae superioris and the orbicularis oculi muscles in this patient. This results suggested that she has a variant of blepharospasm due to abnormal contraction in the pretarsal orbicularis oculi.