• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1999

Over the last 50 years, a number of antibiotic agents have been developed and clinically used in the area of infectious diseases. Due to antimicrobial resistance problems and increasing health care costs, the rational use of antibiotics has been required. As a drug of choice to treat infections caused by MRSA, vancomycin has been extensively prescribed since the late 1970's. Recently, reports of vancomycin-resistant organisms such as VRE and VRSA have been increased to draw medical concerns. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the rational use of vancomycin and the appropriateness of the Restrictional Program of Antibiotic Utilization (RPAU) which has been operated at Samsung Medical Center. A retrospective chart review was performed in 132 hospitalized patients treated with vancomycin in the surgery departments from. January to June 1998. The guidelines of ASHP and HICPAC for vancomycin were modified and used as our criteria to determine the vancomycin DUE. In one hundred out of the patients, uses of vancomycin were approved by the Department of Infectious Diseases (DID) based on the RPAU. Vancomycin was appropriately used in $62.5\%$ of the 100 patients according to the criteria of justification of use, while $60.0\%,\;60.0\%,\;79.0\%,\;and\;51.0\%$ of the patients showed appropriate according to those of lab reports such as applicable culture obtained, pretreatment SCr, WBC and serum drug concentration monitoring, respectively. Although the rest 32 patients were not approved to receive vancomycin by the DID, twenty two percent continued receiving vancomycin treatment. This might result from the fact that the RPAU was started not before the use of antibiotics but in the middle of antimicrobial therapy. Continual education should be provide to the related health professionals and the RPAU should be simultaneously modified in order to increase the rate of appropriate uses of antibiotics.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2020

이 연구에서는 2015 개정교육과정의 소프트웨어교육에 대한 초보 교사와 전문가 교사 대상 인식을 비교하였다. 인식 비교는 현장 지원을 위한 우선 순위, 전문성 신장을 위한 활동 내용, 편제 시수, 성취 기준 진술 내용, 6학년에만 도입된 교과서에 대한 적절성을 설문을 통해 알아보았다. 모든 문항에서 두 그룹의 인식 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 편제 시수, 성취 기준 진술 내용, 6학년에만 도입된 교과서에 대한 의견에서 초보 교사는 '적절하다'라는 의견이 많았다. 반면, 전문가 교사는 '부적절하다'가 많았다. 아울러 실과 교육과정과 교과서에 교육용 로봇이 도입된 것에 대한 자유 응답식 의견의 주요 키워드를 분석할 결과 두 그룹 모두 긍정적인 키워드가 도출되었다. 그러나 초보 교사들은 '지원', '어려움', '문제'와 같은 수동적이고 소극적인 키워드, 전문가 교사들은 '활용', '교육' 등 도입 후 교육적인 활용 부분에 대해 키워드가 도출되어 차이점을 보였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2010

동해안을 따라 미고결 퇴적층을 포함하는 신생대 제3기 퇴적분지가 소규모로 산재하여 분포한다. 이들 지역에서는 항만이나 대규모 단지 개발이 진행됨에 따라 양질의 매립재에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 도로성토나 매립현장 주변에서 발생되는 유용암을 경제성을 고려하여 도로 성토재나 매립재로 사용되는 경우가 있으나 이러한 골재를 도로성토나 매립재로 사용하는 경우 품질기준의 적합성을 판단하기가 매우 어렵다. 미고결된 암석에 대한 실험 및 분석 결과, 적용된 실험방법에 따라 암석의 판정결과가 다르게 나타날 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 제 3기 퇴적분지 지역과 같이 미고결 지층에서 암반분류와 지반정수 산정시에는 일반적으로 사용되는 암반분류 기준과는 다른 기준의 설정 및 적용이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 또한, 산성배수에 의한 환경영향에 대한 고려도 필요한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.299-311
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• 2019

본 연구는 야생동 식물 보전 및 관리를 위해 제정된 지자체 야생동식물 보호 조례의 지정 현황 등을 조사 분석하고 이를 통해 문제점 및 개선방향을 도출하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 이를 위해 17개 광역지방자치단체(특별시 광역시 특별자치시 도 특별자치도)의 야생생물보호 관련 조례와 각 조항의 내용을 비교 분석하였고, 각 지자체의 보호야생생물의 지정현황을 파악 후 지침 및 법률을 바탕으로 적정성을 파악하여 보았다. 시 도보호 야생생물관련 조례는 모든 광역지자체에서 제정되어, 일반적으로 선정기준, 보호대책, 행위제한 등의 조항이 공통적으로 반영되어 있었다. 또한 세부적으로는 깃대종, 복원 추진계획에 있는 생물을 선정기준으로 추가하거나, 서식지역에 대한 보호 및 복원에 대한 조항이 포함되어 있는 등 각 지자체의 특성에 따라 조항이 상이하였다. 시 도보호 야생생물 지정 및 보호 지침이 마련된 2006년 이후로 시 도보호 야생생물이 급격하게 증가하였으며 최근 1~2년 이내에 새로 지정한 광역지자체도 존재하였다. 일부 지자체의 경우 지정된 지 10년이 넘은 곳도 있었으며, 선정기준에 부합하지 않은 곳도 다수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서는 시 도보호 야생생물의 목적에 맞는 종 선정을 위한 보다 과학적이고 객관적인 선정기준 및 방법이 구축되어야 할 것이라 판단된다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to grasp the effectiveness of evacuation safety design by verifying the appropriateness of the standard of occupant load factor for residential buildings. To this end, the definition and current standard of occupant load factor for residential buildings were analyzed, and the problems of the current standard were clarified by interviewing professionals. In addition, changes in occupant load factor were examined by year based on statistical research, and evaluation on the current standard $18.6m^2/pers.$ was performed. As for evaluation methods, the need of redesigning of evacuation capacity was investigated by using evacuation simulation. As a result of the analysis, the most serious problem was clarification of the applicable standard for residential officetel, where the average occupant load factor was $26.1m^2/pers.$, which was not appropriate. However, as a result of evaluation on evacuation capacity, although there was no difference between statistical research results and the current standard in terms of evacuation capacity, when the standard for business facilities was applied to officetel, evacuation time doubled. Thus, this study suggests that when the current standard is applied to residential officetel, it is necessary to separate between residential use and business use.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2020

Purpose: Effective time management, as well as life-saving care, are important in maximizing the prognosis of patients who have sustained major traumas. This study evaluated the appropriateness of emergency medical system (EMS) provider's essential care and how this care impacted on-scene time in patients with major traumas. Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed the EMS major trauma documents, classified according to the physiological criteria (Glasgow coma scale <14, systolic blood pressure <90mmHg, Respiration rate <10 or >29) in Daejeon, from January, 2015 to December, 2018. Results: Of the 707 major trauma cases, the mean on-scene time was 7.75±4.64 minutes. According to EMS guidelines, essential care accuracy was 67.5% for basic airway, 36.4% for advanced airway, 91.2% for cervical collar, 81.5% for supplemental oxygen, 47.0% for positive pressure ventilation, 19.9% for intravenous access and fluid administration, and 96.0% for external hemorrhage control. Factors affecting on-scene time were positive pressure ventilation (p<.004), and intravenous access and fluid administration (p<.002). Conclusion: Adherence to guidelines was low during advanced airway procedures, positive pressure ventilation, intravenous access, and fluid administration. In addition, the on-scene time was prolonged when the practitioner provided positive pressure ventilation, intravenous access, and fluid administration; however, these durations did not exceed the recommended 10 minutes.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2016

PURPOSES : In this paper, the analytical solutions suggested to simulate the behavior of rheological fluids were rigorously re-derived and investigated for fixed conditions to evaluate the applicability for the solutions on a mini-cone slump test of cement paste. The selected solutions with proper boundary conditions can be used as reference solutions to evaluate the performance of numerical simulation approaches, such as the discrete element method. METHODS : The slump, height, and spread radius for the given boundary and yield stress conditions that are determined by five different analytical solutions are compared. RESULTS : The analytical solution based on fluid mechanics for pure shear flow shows similar results to that for intermediate flow at low yield stresses. The fluid mechanics-based analytical solution resulted in a very similar trend to the geometry-based analytical solution. However, it showed a higher slump at high yield stress and lower slump at low yield stress ranges than the geometry-based analytical model. The analytical solution based on the mini-cone geometry was not significantly affected by the yield criteria, such as von Mises and Tresca. CONCLUSIONS : Even though differences among the analytical solutions in terms of slump and spread radius existed, the difference can be considered insignificant when the solutions were used as reference to evaluate the appropriateness of numerical approaches, such as the discrete element method.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.145-157
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify Chinese university women's appearance management characteristics and clothing purchasing behavior. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Research period was 15th - 30th March. Frequencies, percent, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, chi-square test were done. The results of study were: 1. The factors of appearance management characteristics were food management, skin care, weight control & tooth correction, nail & hair care, and use of identity kits. The factors of clothing selection criteria were outlook & appropriateness, management & service, fashion & brand, and individuality & price, and factors of information resources were marketer oriented & neutral and consumer oriented & store. 2. Chinese university women were segmented into positive appearance management group, food & skin management group, nail care & identity kits using group, and appearance management stagnated group. Positive appearance management group selected their clothing to pursuit individuality & relaxation, fashion, and conformity, considered fashion or brands more, used various information sources. Food & skin management group purchased their clothing for conformity. Nail care & identity kits using group considered management & service of clothing more, utilized consumer oriented & store information more. 3. Positive appearance management group were younger, and spent more pocket money and for their appearances. Food & skin management group were older, but nail care & identity kits using group were older. Appearance stagnated group spent less pocket money and appearance management.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2009

In July 2008, The National Police Hospital has developed the CPOE system(Computerized Physician Order Entry system) which links the medicine master and introduced the new program for the injectable antimicrobial agents. After introducing new system, we wanted to check the management of oral antimicrobial agents. Because new system has limitation that new system control only the use of the injectable antimicrobial agents. So we tried to evaluate the use of oral levofloxacin, which was chosen by a medical specialist of the infection. We retrospectively analyzed the appropriateness of oral levofloxacin through EMR(Electric Medical Record) of 72 inpatients who received oral levofloxacin in National Police Hospital in December 2008. We applied the modified ASHP(American Society of Health- System Pharmacists) DUE(Drug Use Evaluation) criteria, which is composed of justification of drug use, critical indicators, complications and outcome measures. Acceptable cases of use of levofloxacin were 67(93.01%) and 57cases(79.2%) showed good outcome. However critical indicators were not performed very well. We want to suggest the new system for the management of the medical therapeutics by the pharmacist in charge.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

Purpose - This study attempts to identify the attributes of home meal replacements (HMR) from the perspective of consumers as well as suggest some directions for HMR. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - For the research, food and nutrition professors were interviewed and surveys were completed using the revised Delphi method to identify attributes of HMR. Subsequently, a total of 140 food and nutrition students already aware of HMR were asked to rate the attributes in terms of importance and satisfaction. In addition, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was conducted. Results - According to the analysis results, a total of seven key factors were deduced from the attributes ratings and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) criteria, which is used to verify the appropriateness of the selection of the variables. Conclusion - The findings could be helpful in the future as reference data for HMR producers and distributors to assist in the diagnosis of the status of HMR. Additionally, the data may point to some areas that need greater attention in terms of production as well as marketing.