• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2008

This paper proposes a method for solving distribution system planning problems taking into account demand uncertainty and geographical information. The proposed method can automatically select appropriate location and size of a substation, routing of feeders, and appropriate sizes of conductors while satisfying constraints, e.g. voltage drop and thermal limit. The demand uncertainty representing load growth is modeled by fuzzy numbers. Feeder routing is determined with consideration of existing infrastructure, e.g. streets and canals. The method integrates planner's experience and process optimization to achieve an appropriate practical solution. The proposed method has been tested with an actual distribution system, from which the results indicate that it can provide satisfactory plans.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

PURPOSES : In this study, design elements of rest areas for drowsy drivers are classified and appropriate criteria for each design element are presented. METHODS : By comparing and analyzing the design criteria for rest areas, the most appropriate installation criteria were suggested by considering the driving patterns of rest area users. RESULTS : As a result of the study, elements influencing the design of rest areas for drowsy drivers are suggested such as installation location and installation type. In addition, proper separation distance between resting areas was suggested considering vehicle flow, users' fatigue and physiological needs. Other criteria for rest areas were also suggested. CONCLUSIONS : Proper safety facilities were not installed in rest areas because appropriate criteria were not established. In this study, design elements were derived and installation criteria were designed so that rest areas could be used safely and conveniently.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.172-182
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• 2006

This paper presents a method to convert 3D CAD model to an appropriate analysis model using wrap-around, smooth-out and thinning operators that have been originally developed to realize the multi-resolution modeling. Wrap-around and smooth-out operators are used to simplify 3D model, and thinning operator is to reduce the dimension of a target object with simultaneously decomposing the simplified 3D model to 1D or 2D shapes. By using the simplification and dimension-reduction operations in an appropriate way, the user can generate an analysis model that matches specific applications. The advantage of this method is that the user can create optimized analysis models of various simplification levels by selecting appropriate number of detailed features and removing them.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.23-40
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• 2008

This study investigated the beliefs in Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) of 447 mothers of 4- and 5- year-old children by mother's childhood experience, parenting efficacy, and parenting behavior. Results showed that mother's beliefs in DAP were related to children's age, early childhood educational institution, monthly household income, mother's educational background, mother's childhood experience, parenting efficacy, and parenting behavior. Mothers with higher beliefs in DAP were mothers of kindergarten rather than mothers of daycare children; they had 4 years or more college education, and more than $3000 monthly household income.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.19-25
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• 2002

In this paper, the water quality forecast was performed on the BOD of the Chungju Dam using the ARIMA model, which is a nonlinear statistics model, and the artificial neural network model. The monthly data of water quality were collected from 1991 to 2000. The most appropriate ARIMA model for Chungju dam was found to be the multiplicative seasonal ARIMA(1,0,1)(1,0,1)$_{12}$, model. While the artificial neural network model, which is used relatively often in recent days, forecasts new data by the strength of a learned matrix like human neurons. The BOD values were forecasted using the back-propagation algorithm of multi-layer perceptrons in this paper. Artificial neural network model was com- posed of two hidden layers and the node number of each hidden layer was designed fifteen. It was demonstrated that the ARIMA model was more appropriate in terms of changes around the overall average, but the artificial neural net-work model was more appropriate in terms of reflecting the minimum and the maximum values.s.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.80 no.3
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• pp.241-246
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• 2017

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an ambulatory care-sensitive condition, and effective treatment of outpatients can prevent worsening of the illness and hospitalization. Current COPD guidelines provide appropriate guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD. In fact, it has been shown that when appropriate guidance and treatment are performed, the morbidity and mortality rates of COPD patients are reduced. However, there is a gap between the clinical guidelines and the actual clinical treatment. Therefore, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) conducted an evaluation of the adequacy of COPD diagnosis and treatment using the Claims Database of HIRA. This review provides a summary of the COPD adequacy assessment results reported by the HIRA and some brief comments on the results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1408-1411
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• 1999

In order to investigate the appropriate processing season of ark shell(Scapharca subcrenata) cultured at the south coast of Korea, the edible portions were determined for coefficient of fatness and yield of edible portion using specimens collected bimonthly from December 1994 to December 1995. The relationship between shell length(X) and total weight(Y) of S. subcrenata is shown as follows; Y=0.001608X2.5199. The relationship between total weight(X) and meat weight(Y) of S. subcrenata is shown as follows; Y= 0.3594X 0.5566(r=0.99). The relationship between total weight(X) and meat weight(Y) of S. subcrenata is shown as follows; Y=67.1647X＋20.6370(r=0.99). The coefficient of fatness and yield of edible portion showed a marked bimonthly variation with a maximum in December and a minimum in August. The appropriate processing season of S. subcrenata would be in winter and spring, and not in summer and autumn season, the spawning season of the S. subcrenata.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.422-429
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• 2007

Measurement of lung function is an integral component of respiratory physiology and of clinical assessment of lung diseases in school age children and adults. Pulmonary function test of infants and children under the age of 2 years have now been standardised and are being used both in research and as an adjunct to clinical management. By contrast, until recegntly, children of preschool age, i.e. between 2-6 years represented a major challenge for pulmonary function test assessment, this particular period commonly being referred to as the 'dark ages' of Pediatric Pulmonology. Measurement of lung function in preschool-aged children is now feasible. However, much work remains to be done in standardizing how these tests are performed, and in understanding the most appropriate role for the various tests in the study of growth and development of the respiratory system and in the clinical management of children in this age group. As the field develops and the knowledge of respiratory physiology in this age group expands, investigation of different and more appropriate algorithm use in preschool children, together with development of more appropriate reference data, may result in improved disease discrimination.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.292-299
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• 2002

It has been realized that the design codes and underlying design concept of high seismicity region may not be appropriate to low and moderate seismicity regions. The aim of this paper is to search seismic design strategies that are appropriate to moderate seismicity regions. The characteristics of seismic hazard in moderate seismicity regions are reviewed. The seismic responses of multi-span continuous bridges subjected to the ground shaking of moderate intensity are examined. The present code on seismic design of bridges is briefly reviewed. Based on these observations, design principles and strategies appropriate to the moderate seismicity regions are proposed for the multi-span continuous bridge

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.573-586
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• 2011

Along with the recent changes in animal feed supply circumstances, many enzyme and probiotic feed supplements have been introduced and applied to pigs and chicken diets. Therefore, both selection of the appropriate feed supplements and their proper supplementation becomes critical to justify the supplementation. Meta-analysis was proposed as an appropriate tool to assess the large amount of relevant information. In this review, reliable data from recent publications was compounded then analyzed to determine the best practice of effective enzyme supplementation from the perspectives of animal species, age, characteristics of feed, target substrates, optimum multi enzymes combination and intended objectives. The results of the analysis suggested pratical methods of probiotic supplementation regarding intestinal microbiota, physiological limitation of probiotics, maximization of the probiotic benefit and synergism with prebiotic supplements.