• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.151-156
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• 2017

As Internet services have spread centering on mobiles, diverse services used in everyday life have become mobile services. For humans, residential spaces have significant implications as physical and psychological environments. Therefore, being provided with accurate information on the room that must be sought to find out the residential space wanted by the user can be said to be an important element of real estate apps. However, when buying real estate, people prefer searching for information using mobiles and verifying the information by visiting the real estate firsthand due to increases in damage due to false offerings. This way approaches as inconvenience in cases where the buyer lives far away or if the conditions are not suitable. Therefore, in the present study, a 'room finding application using VR' was designed and implemented using virtual reality (VR) used for diverse purposes. VR is a technology that provides the user with the sense of presence as if the user is actually present in the space. It was used in the present study as a means to provide more accurate information. The use of the application designed and implemented in the present study is expected to reduce false offerings information at least slightly so that users can be provided with more accurate information on the real estate of interest.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2006

Environment friendly agriculture is nowadays a major fiend to sustain balanced agricultural ecosystem, keeping its productivity. This study was conducted to determine the optimum levels of nitrogen (N) application for improving rice productivity and reducing N loss through N application based on soil diagnosis. four levels of N were applied with 0, 50, 100 and 150% of recommended levels by soil testing in 4 different paddy soils (i.e. normal, sandy, ill-drained and immature soils). Across N treatments, the greatest grain yield was observed in sandy soil and the lowest in ill-drained soil. The grain yield tended to decrease with increasing N application from 50% to 150% of recommended levels, except ill-drained soil. To ensure maximum yield the optimum levels of N application were estimated at 120 kg, 153 kg and 173 kg $ha^{-1}$ in normal, immature and sandy soil, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.511-521
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• 2012

JXTA technology is a set of open protocols that enable any connected device on the internet or MANET(Mobile Adhoc NETwork) to communicate in a P2P manner. In this paper, we present a JXTA-based smartphone collaborative application. For this, we define the core services and collaborative services necessary for a P2P network, and design proper protocols to support the services. The developed application provides the effective environment for group works in smartphones, supporting the various virtual workspaces. Since application supports the group works among users in close-range without relying on the mobile network, it could be very useful in various situations such as the disaster area.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2000

There are many security problems with Electronic Commerce since insecure public networks, especially Internet, are used. Therefore, for implementing secure Electronic Commerce, CAPI(Cryptographic Application Programming Interfaces) is expected to use various form of security applications. The Cryptographic Application Programming Interface supports cryptographic services for each level and various security services. The CSSM API(Common Security Service Management Application Programming Interface) Provides modularity, simplicity, and extensibility in terms of various add-in modules and interfaces in contract to other CAPIs. This paper proposed an applying method of CSSM API having various extensibility and supporting multi-platforms to Electronic Commerce. we describe encryption, digital signature operation of CSSM API's CSP interface and evaluate secureness by matching relation of theratening factors to security services.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

To improve the existing nitrogen recommendation method based on chemical properties of soils and to establish new recommendation rates of nitrogen fertilizer due to different types of soils, the application rates of nitrogen fertilizer were examined in different soils of 12 experimental rice paddy fields. The application rates of nitrogen fertilizer estimated by soil-testing were higher than the rates of nitrogen standard recommendation that has been used. The application rates for minimum rice productivity ranged from a low of 168 kg/10a in sandy soil to a high of 315 kg/10a in saline soil. Amounts of nitrogen absorption in rice were proportional to the application amounts of nitrogen fertilizer in soils. Nitrogen use efficiency was the highest, 36.7%, in immatured paddy field and it was inversely proportional to the application amounts of nitrogen. the rice tasty value was the highest in the soils without nitrogen application, and also it was the lowest in the saline soils with or without nitrogen application. As comparing with the nitrogen application rates obtained by the existing nitrogen recommendation method, optimal nitrogen application rates estimated by the standardization of nitrogen application efficiency rate, environmental index, and rice quality were 1.0 fold in the well adapted soil and sandy soil fields, 0.92 fold in the immatured soil field, and 0.83 fold in the saline soil field.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.377-386
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• 2003

In this paper, we present an application layer protocol to support secure wireless Internet services, called Application Layer Security(ALS). The drawbacks of the two traditional approaches to secure wireless applications motivated the development of ALS. One is that in the conventional application-specific security protocol such as Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol(S-HTTP), security mechanism is included in the application itself. This gives a disadvantage that the security services are available only to that particular application. The other is that a separate protocol layer is inserted between the application and transport layers, as in the Secure Sockets Layer(SSL)/Transport Layer Security(TLS). In this case, all channel data are encrypted regardless of the specific application's requirements, resulting in much waste of network resources. To overcome these problems, ALS is proposed to be implemented on top of HTTP so that it is independent of the various transport layer protocols, and provides a common security interface with security applications so that it greatly improves the portability of security applications. In addition, since ALS takes advantages of well-known TLS mechanism, it eliminates the danger of malicious attack and provides applications with various security services such as authentication, confidentiality integrity and digital signature, and partial encryption. We conclude this paper with an example of applying ALS to the solution of end-to-end security in a present commercial wireless protocol stack, Wireless Application Protocol.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.368-373
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• 2014

Ammonia loss from urea significantly hinders efficient use of urea in agriculture. The level of nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) a long-lived greenhouse gas in atmosphere has increased mainly due to anthropogenic source, especially application of nitrogen fertilizers. There are reports in the literature showing that the addition of zeolite to N sources can improve the nitrogen use efficiency. This study was conducted to evaluate nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) and ammonia ($NH_3$) emission by mixed treatment of urea and zeolite in upland crop field. Urea fertilizer and zeolite were applied at different rates to study their effect on $N_2O$ emission during red pepper cultivation in upland soils. The $N_2O$ gas was collected by static closed chamber method and measured by gas chromatography. Ammonia concentration was analyzed by closed-dynamic air flow system method. The total $N_2O$ flux increased in proportion to the level of N application. Emission of $N_2O$ from the field increased from the plots applied with urea-zeolite mixture compared to urea alone. But urea-zeolite mixture treatment reduced about 30% of $NH_3$-N volatilization amounts. These results showed that the application of urea and zeolite mixture had a positive influence on reduction of $NH_3$ volatilization, but led to the increase in $N_2O$ emission in upland soils.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

The beginning of Web Services was understood as efficient technology for application integration in the internet, thus it was used to integrating the distributed enterprise applications or the e-business applications between partners. But, recently the usage trend of Web Services is largely spreaded out wireless network applications beyond the internet applications. The main reasons are that Web Services is the international standard of W3C, and Web Services is based on XML that is independent of the specific internal implementations such as platform, programming languages, communications networks etc. Currently Major company of Web Services such as MS, IBM, etc. focus on the research about technology for integrating various devices. In this paper, we define and explain technical issues for adapting web services to ubiquitous Environment.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.205-230
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• 2013

Academic libraries are trying to develop fully mobile web sites and mobile applications so that users can access to their services even using mobile devices. As the mobilization trends of library services increase in quantity, we need to more focus on what mobile services users want, ultimately for the growth with quality. This study seeks to explore users' needs and uses of mobile library services and then suggests solutions for improving the mobile services in academic libraries. This study conducted on and off-line surveys with 608 students from two universities, which have provided active mobile services with both a mobile web site and an application. The questionnaire was designed to elicit information on respondents' frequency of mobile library visit, the purpose of visit, the reason to use/not use, how to access to the services, the preferred types of the services, satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors, and urgently needed improvements. Based on the findings, this study discussed strategies to improve the quality of mobile services and to increase in users' visit.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.309-321
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• 2011

The u-City construction plan being executed presently involves such problem that services are provided in a suppliers-oriented direction while there are not much discussions on what u-Services citizens should be provided with and what u-Services that city government the supplier shall provide. In order to implement citizen-friendly u-Services the type of u-Services that offer just the right services efficient and convenient for citizens, u-Services should be provided based on active researches on the citizens' use and utilization of u-Services rather than u-Services being provided in suppliers' perspective as so far. To that end, there need be recognition and well-organized methodology that u-Services should be provided through humane, social and scientific analysis of the citizens that are to be provided with u-Services. Thus, in this study, the process of u-Services being transmitted was re-interpreted as background theory to deduce and apply services appropriate for u-Residential Space, and service science for u-Services the scientific and overall approach to seek for service innovation was applied to the development of u-Service deduction method based on such background theory. The u-Service methodology developed based on service science is judged able to deduce and provide u-Services appropriate for the intended services through scientific analysis of citizen-friendly u-Services.