• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.31 no.2 s.257
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• pp.221-230
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• 2007

An iterated improved reduced system (IIRS) procedure combined with sub-structuring scheme for nonclassically damped structural systems is presented. For dynamic analysis of such systems, complex eigenproperties are required to incorporate properly the nonclassical damping effect. In complex structural systems, the equations of motion are written in the state space from. Thus, the number of degrees of freedom of the new equations of motion and the size of the associated eigenvalue problem required to obtain the complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors are doubled. Iterated IRS method is an efficient reduction technique because the eigenproperties obtained in each iteration step improve the condensation matrix in the next iteration step. However, although this reduction technique reduces the size of problem drastically, it is not efficient to apply this technique to a single domain finite element model with degrees of freedom over several thousands. Therefore, for a practical application of the reduction method, accompanying sub-structuring scheme is necessary. In the present study, iterated IRS method combined with sub-structuring scheme for nonclssically damped structures is developed. Numerical examples demonstrate the convergence and the efficiency of a newly developed scheme.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2001.01a
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• pp.237-245
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• 2001

Automated essay grading has been proposed for over thirty years. Only recently have practical implementations been constructed and tested. This paper investigated the role of the nearest-neighbour algorithm within the information retrieval as a way of grading the essay automatically called Automated Essay Grading System. It intended to offer teachers an individualized assistance in grading the student\`s essay. The system involved several processes, which are the indexing, the structuring of the model answer and the grade processing. The indexing process comprised the document indexing and query processing which are mainly used for representing the documents and the query. Structuring the model answer is actually preparing the marking scheme and the grade processing is the process of assessing the essay. To test the effectiveness of the developed algorithms, the algorithms are tested against the History text in Malay. The result showed that th information retrieval and the nearest-neighbour algorithm are practical combination that offer acceptable performance for grading the essay.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1993.06a
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• pp.1137-1140
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• 1993

A dynamic-structure system is one that has the flexibility to change the system configuration automatically so as to operate in an optimal manner. A conceptural model for a dynamic-structure system is presented in this paper. In this model, the interchangeable components of the overall system are grouped together. Their activity levels are evaluated by an intelligent preprocessor that is associated with the group. A knowledge-based task distribution system evaluates the activity levels and makes decisions as to how the components operating below capacity should be shared with workcells that have similar components that are overloaded. Associated decision making can be effected through fuzzy logic and particularly the compositional rule of inference. A simulation example is given to illustrate the application of dynamic structuring.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.45-50
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• 2016

Purpose - This study aimed to develop a new practical and universally applicable service quality model by improving the service quality measurement model proposed by many previous studies. Research design, data, and methodology - An in-depth analysis on what influences such service quality model had on the improvement effect of service quality, and Service Evaluation Model("SEM"), which was revised from the existing service quality measurement model, was developed. The model is divided into the two integrative categories: First, activity, that is the group of service-related activities. Next is item, the group of service-related objects. The level of service is evaluated for each category via survey questionnaire on service level evaluation. Based on the model, SEM has visibility by structuring the whole service industry. Results - For the application of the new service quality model, this study attempted to examine the appropriateness of the newly proposed service quality model by applying it to retail service field. Conclusions - As a result, the proposed service model would be a useful and applicable service quality measurement model required by many organizations. Service company can set up self check service levels. Through these results, they can look for the ways to provide better services to customers. Service users can ensure the objectivity of business plan based upon SEM.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-73
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• 2007

Demands have been growing in safety-critical application fields for producing networked real-time embedded computing (NREC) systems together with acceptable assurances of tight service time bounds (STBs). Here a service time can be defined as the amount of time that the NREC system could take in accepting a request, executing an appropriate service method, and returning a valid result. Enabling systematic composition of large-scale NREC systems with STB certifications has been recognized as a highly desirable goal by the research community for many years. An appealing approach for pursuing such a goal is to establish a hard-real-time (HRT) component model that contains its own STB as an integral part. The TMO (Time-Triggered Message-Triggered Object) programming scheme is one HRT distributed computing (DC) component model established by the first co-author and his collaborators over the past 15 years. The TMO programming scheme has been intended to be an advanced high-level RT DC programming scheme that enables development of NREC systems and validation of tight STBs of such systems with efforts far smaller than those required when any existing lower-level RT DC programming scheme is used. An additional goal is to enable maximum exploitation of concurrency without damaging any major structuring and execution approaches adopted for meeting the first two goals. A number of previously untried program structuring approaches and execution rules were adopted from the early development stage of the TMO scheme. This paper presents new concrete justifications for those approaches and rules, and also discusses new extensions of the TMO scheme intended to enable further exploitation of concurrency in NREC system design and programming.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.1939-1946
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• 2009

Modern enterprise may be in need of developing the right application programs under rapidly changing business environment in fast time-to-market. But Most of enterprise without business process mechanism are very hard to develop the application needed in time when it will be changing their business. To solve this problem, we propose the business process framework based on the closed architecture. This approach is to develop the right application with reusing software modules in time and easily under rapid business process changing/improving through mapping BPM(Business Process Model), SOA(Service Oriented Architecture), and CBD(Component Based Development). we also define 5-Layers of BPF(Business Process Framework), and BNF(Backus Naur Form) for structuring BPF.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.493-498
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study is to suggest the hierarchical structure with three layers of input task, input interaction, and input device. Background: Understanding the input interaction is very helpful to design an interface design. Method: We made a model of three layered input structure based on empirical approach and applied to a gesture interaction in TV. Result: We categorized the input tasks into six elementary tasks which are select, position, orient, text, and quantify. The five interactions described in this paper could accomplish the full range of input interaction, although the criteria for classification were not consistent. We analyzed the Microsoft kinect with this structure. Conclusion: The input interactions of command, 4 way, cursor, touch, and intelligence are basic interaction structure to understanding input system. Application: It is expected the model can be used to design a new input interaction and user interface.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.301-311
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• 2021

The technological advancements of the last two decades directed the era of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT enables billions of devices to connect through the internet and share their information and resources on a global level. These devices can be anything, from smartphones to embedded sensors. The main purpose of IoT is to make devices capable of achieving the desired goal with minimal to no human intervention. Although it hascome as a social and economic blessing, it still brought forward many security risks. This paper focuses on providing a survey of the most commonly used application layer protocols in the IoT domain, namely, Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT), Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP), and Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP). MQTT, AMQP, and XMPP use TCP for device-to-device communication, while CoAP utilizes UDP to achieve this purpose. MQTT and AMQP are based on a publish/subscribe model, CoAP uses the request/reply model for its structuring. In addition to this, the quality of service provision of MQTT, AMQP, and CoAP is not very high, especially when the deliverance of messages is concerned. The selection of protocols for each application is very a tedious task.This survey discusses the architectures, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of each of these protocols. The main contribution of this work is to describe each of the aforementioned application protocols in detail as well as providing their thorough comparative analysis. This survey will be helpful to the developers in selecting the protocol ideal for their system and/or application.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.297-306
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• 2001

In the last couple of years service management has gained more and more momentum in the research community. Nowadays, as complexity of IT-services is increasing, these services are usually composed of interdependent, layered services hosted by various providers. Therefore, a strong cooperation of providers involved in service provisioning is needed, especially regarding their management processes and systems. One important step is to establish a common understanding about service-related terms in order to be able to specify service functionality and the resulting management tasks. Additionally, means to analyze and identify the necessary actors and the corresponding inter- and intra-organizational relationships are needed. This paper presents an extended version of the MNM service model which provides a generic model defining commonly needed service-related terms, concepts and structuring rules in a general and unambiguous way. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of the MNM service model by modeling a riser help desk service based on a concrete scenario. The experience gained from modeling is used to discuss the benefits of service modeling in general.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.200-207
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• 2012

This paper is analyzed the successful fundamentals of collaborative design management strategy from case of corporates such as, Louis Vuitton, H&M, MINI, Black Berry, Chanel, and Prada. Collaborative design management contributes creating cultural life and concurrently achieving corporate purpose through new vision and value creations which is a combination of rationality and originality as interacting design area and management area.In addition, collaborative design management has been emerged in order to create new business model in the rapidly changing modern society. It should be horizontal intercourse in order to increase social value and positive effects of each others to collaborative design management and play an important role in the new partner to build an effective business model. These case studies established the successful design strategy which is well structuring the systematic design network and efficiently managing the brand image from analyzing the user's needs and their life styles as an element of collaborative design management. This research is presented the mean of collaborative design management as a managing element to build a successful business model and proposed an appropriate application plan through the case studies.