• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.395-398
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• 2018

Neo-aortic insufficiency associated with root enlargement following an arterial switch operation is a serious late complication. To achieve successful surgical correction of this condition, multiple factors should be considered, including the individual patient's anatomy, the challenging nature of the redo procedure, and the patient's young age. However, limited publications have described the use of valve-sparing techniques for the treatment of neo-aortic insufficiency associated with root enlargement following an arterial switch operation. Herein, we report our recent experience of a valve-sparing aortic root procedure with ascending aorta and hemiarch replacement despite the presence of a discrepancy in leaflet size and nearby severe adhesions.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.890-900
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• 2021

Objective: To identify the association between morphological and functional characteristics of the bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and bicuspid aortopathy and to identify the determinants of aortic dilatation using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac computed tomography (CCT). Materials and Methods: This study included 312 subjects (mean [SD] age, 52.7 [14.3] years; 227 males [72.8%]) who underwent TTE and CCT. The BAVs were classified by anterior-posterior (BAV-AP) or right-left (BAV-RL) orientation of the cusps and divided according to the presence (raphe+) or absence of a raphe (raphe-) based on the CCT and intraoperative findings. The dimensions of the sinus of Valsalva and the proximal ascending aorta were measured by CCT. We assessed the determinants of aortic root and proximal ascending aortic dilatation (size index > 2.1 cm/m²) by Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: Of the 312 patients, BAV-AP was present in 188 patients (60.3%), and 185 patients (59.3%) were raphe+. Moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis (AS) was the most common hemodynamic abnormality (54.8%). The most common type of aortopathy was the combined dilated root and mid-ascending aortic phenotype (62.5%). On multivariable analysis, age and AS severity were significantly associated with aortic root dilatation (p < 0.05), and age, sex, and AS severity were significantly associated with ascending aortic dilatation (p < 0.05). However, the orientation of the cusps, presence of a raphe, and severity of aortic regurgitation were not associated with aortic root and ascending aortic dilatation. Conclusion: BAV morphological characteristics were not determinants of aortic dilatation. Age, sex, and AS severity were predictors of bicuspid aortopathy. Therefore, age, sex, and AS severity, rather than valve morphology, need to be considered when planning treatment for BAV patients.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2009

4개월령 수컷 박서 개(체중: 9 Kg)가 심잡음과 운동불내성을 주요 증상으로 내원하였다. 진단검사를 통해 환자는 대동맥 판막하 협착에 이환된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 협착된 부위의 압력구배는 120 mmHg(와류의 속도: 5.4 m/s)이상이었으며, 환자는 풍선 확장술을 통해 임상증상을 개선하였다. 환자는 시술 후 주기적으로 모니터링 하였으며 다른 임상증상은 관찰되지 않았다. 이는 우리나라에서 대동맥 판막하 협착증에 이환된 환자에게 풍선 확장술을 통해 임상증상을 경감시킨 최초의 증례이다.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2023

BACKGROUND: ¹⁸F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT) has been proven to be useful in identification of microcalcifications, which are stimulated by inflammation. Blood speckle imaging (BSI) is a new imaging technology used for tracking the flow of blood cells using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). We evaluated the relationship between turbulent flow identified by BSI and inflammatory activity of the aortic valve (AV) as indicated by the ¹⁸F-NaF uptake index in moderate aortic stenosis (AS) patients. METHODS: This study enrolled 18 moderate AS patients diagnosed within the past 6 months. BSI within the aortic root was acquired using long-axis view TEE. The duration of laminar flow and the turbulent flow area ratio were calculated by BSI to demonstrate the degree of turbulence. The maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax, SUVmean) and the total microcalcification burden (TMB) as measured by ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT were used to demonstrate the degree of inflammatory activity in the AV region. RESULTS: The mean SUVmean, SUVmax, and TMB were 1.90 ± 0.79, 2.60 ± 0.98, and 4.20 ± 2.18 mL, respectively. The mean laminar flow period and the turbulent area ratio were 116.1 ± 61.5 msec and 0.48 ± 0.32. The correlation between SUVmax and turbulent flow area ratio showed the most positive and statistically significant correlation, with a Pearson's correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.658 and a p-value of 0.014. CONCLUSIONS: The high degree of trans-aortic turbulence measured by BSI was correlated with severe AV inflammation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.285-289
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• 2000

Background: For AVR using conventional prosthetic valves in adult patients with a narrow aortic root, aortic root enlargement is necessary to reduce postoperative pressure gradient across the aortic valve (ΔP). An evaluation of early and mid-term results of aortic root enlargement with AVR and echocardiographic follow up of ΔP and left ventricular function was performed. Method: From Aug. 1991 to Feb. 1998, eighteen patients aged 17 to 59 years(mean, 38$\pm$12 years) underwent Manouguian procedure with AVR. Aortic annular circumstance was enlarged 10.0mm to 18.0mm(mean, 12.6$\pm$6.3mm). Eight patients(44.0%) had NYHA class III status before operation, and seven cases of them underwent concomitant MVR. Valve pathology was ASr in 6 cases, AS in 4 cases, nd ASr+MSr in 8 cases. Replaced valve size was 21mm in 8 cases and 23 mm in 10 cases, and St. Jude Medical mechanical valve was used in 10 cases and Carbomedics in 8 cases. Result: Follow-up duration was 6 to 57 months (mean, 26$\pm$18 months), and total follow-up was 287 patient-year. There were one hospital death and one late death, therefore, actuarial survival rate was 85.7% at 56 months. Peak ΔP wad decreased significantly at postoperative mid-term period as 13$\pm$5mmHg, compared with thepreoperative one (42$\pm$8mmHg) (p<0.01). LVM(gm/$m^2$) was also diminished as 35.8%(115$\pm$36gm/$m^2$)at postoperative mid-term period, compared with preoperative one (179$\pm$56gm/$m^2$)(p<0.05). Conclusion: There were no specific complications related to the procedure. And we could have adequate enlargement of aortic annulus to suitable prosthetic valve that have no effect of patient-prosthese mismatch.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.439-448
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• 2002

폐동맥 교약술은 기능성 단심실 환아에서 폐혈류가 많은 경우 시행하는 고식적 수술 방법 중의 하나 이나 이들 환아의 최종 목표인 폰탄수술에 있어서는 유병율과 사망률의 위험 요소로 알려져 있다. 대상 및 방법 : 1989년 9월부터 1999년 8월까지 본원에서 기능적 단심실로 폐동맥 교약술을 시행 받은 37명의 환아를 대상으로 최소한 24개월 이상 외래 추적한 상태에서의 기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 수술 전후로 대동맥 협착의 유무, 대동맥하 협착의 발생 유무 그리고 수술 방법에 따른 사망률의 위험 요소를 분석하였다. 결과： 기능적 단심실의 혈류역학을 가진 37명의 영유아에서 폐동맥 교약술 전후로 대동맥 협착이 동반된 경우는 7례였다. 폐동맥 교약후 조기 사망은 6례 (16.2%), 만기 사망은 폰탄수술후 3례 (8.1%) 였다. 조기 사망을 포함한 3년 및 5년 생존율은 각각 80.7$\pm$6.6%, 72.2$\pm$8.2% 였다. 폐동맥 교약후 생존한 31명의 환아중 27명이 폰탄수술의 대상(87.1%)이 되며 이중 22명이 폰탄수술을 시행하였고(71.0%) 이 중 3명이 사망하였으며, 나머지 5명은 양방향성대정맥폐동맥단락술이나 폰탄수술을 기다리고 있다(외래 추적, 평균 4년 6개월, 최소 2년). 폐동맥 교약후 8명의 환아에서 대동맥하 협착이 발생하였으며(8/29, 27.6%), 이중 대동맥 협착이 없었던 환아에서는 3명이 발생하였고(3/22, 13.6%) 대동맥 협착이 있었던 환아에서는 5명이 발생하였다(5/7, 71.4%). 대동맥하 협착이 발생한 환아에서 초기 2명은 원추중격절제를 시행하였는데 장기 생존은 없으며 그후 6명은 Damus-Kaye-Stansel 술식을 시행하였는데 사망은 없었다. 위험 요소 분석에서 페동맥 교약술시 대동맥 협착이 동반된 경우는 향후 대동맥하 협착 발생과 매우 밀접한 관계를 가졌다 (p＜0.001). 양방향성상대정맥폐동맥단락술을 거치지 않고 폰탄수술을 한 경우가 만기 사망에 있어서는 유일한 위험 요소였다 (p=0.001). 결론: 폐혈류가 많은 기능성 단심실 환아에서 1차 고식적 수술 방법으로 폐동맥 교약술은 매우 유용한 방법이며 대동맥 협착이 동반된 고위험군에서도 단기간의 폐동맥 교약술을 거쳐 엄격한 추적관찰을 통하여 대동맥하 협착이 발생할 경우에 Damus-Kaye-Stansel 술식을 추가하는 경우 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 이러한 수술 방침으로 궁극적으로 폰탄수술에 적합한 혈류역학과 해부학적 형태를 기대할 수 있다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2017

Swirl flow is often found in proximal coronary arteries, because the aortic valves can induce swirl flows in the coronary artery due to vortex formation. In addition, the curvature and tortuosity of arterial configurations can also produce swirl flows. The present study was performed to investigate fractional flow reserve alterations in a post-stenotic distal part due to the presence of pre-stenotic swirl flow by computational fluid dynamics analysis for virtual stenotic models by quantifying fractional flow reserve(FFR). Simplified stenotic coronary models were divided into those with and without pre-stenotic swirl flow. Various degrees of virtual stenosis were grouped into three grades: mild, moderate, and severe, with degree of stenosis of 0 ~ 40%, 50 ~ 60%, and 70 ~ 90%, respectively. In this study, three-dimensional computational hemodynamic simulations were performed under hyperemic conditions in virtual stenotic coronary models by coupling with a zero-dimensional lumped parameter model. The results showed that the influence of pre-stenotic swirl inflow is dominant on FFR alteration in mild stenosis, whereas stenosis is dominant on FFR alteration in moderate/severe stenosis. The decrease in FFR caused by swirl flow is more significant in mild stenosis than moderate/severe stenosis. Biomechanical modeling is useful for clinicians to provide insight for medical intervention strategies. This hemodynamic-based parameter study could play a critical role in the development of a non-invasive imaging-based strategy-support system for percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in cases of mild/moderate stenosis.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.523-528
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• 1999

Subaortic stenosis in a 2.9kg, 3-month-old pug dog and a 11 kg, 4-month-old Rott -weiler dog showing signs of dyspnea, tachypnea, anorexia, exercise intolerance and depression was diagnosed with electrocardiography, thoracic radiography and ultrasonographic evaluation. In electrocardiography, PR interval widening, R wave amplitude increase in lead II in case 2, ST segment depression and left axis deviation in case 1 and 2 were identified. In thoracic radiographs, enlarged left ventricle and atrium, caudal displacement of left crus of diaphragm and caudal part of cranial mediastinum widening were identified in ventrodorsal view. In lateral view, left ventricular enlargement, secondary dorsal deviation of trachea and post-stenotic dilation of aorta were seen. Also, edematous pulmonary changes were shown in peri-hilar area. In ultrasonographic examination, left ventricular dilatation, pericardial effusion and subaortic valvular ridge were seen with real time B-mode in right parasternal long axis view. Aortic valve regurgitation was identified in color-Doppler mode.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.409-411
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• 1995

One patient developing left main coronary stenosis following double valve replacement is reviewed. Angina pectoris developed 5 months postoperatively. Coronary perfusion with a balloon tip perfusion catheter was performed during previous operation and was considered technically satisfactory. Coronary angiography confirmed stenosis of the left main coronary artery. There was no further coronary arterial disease. An anterior approach between the aorta and pulmonary artery to expose the left main coronary artery was used and patch angioplasty was done. Repeat coronary angiography showed a widely patent left main coronary artery with excellent runoff. A careful search for coronary arterial injury should be made in all symptomatic patients following aortic valve replacement.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1999년도 공동 춘계학술대회
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• pp.79.2-79
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text