• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.637-648
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• 2017

This study examined the moderating effect of self-forgiveness on the relationship between self-criticism and social anxiety among male and female college students. This study included 441 college students (211 male and 230 female students) with an average age of 22.2. Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted. As a result, the moderating effect of self-forgiveness on the relationship between self-criticism and social anxiety was significant for male students. A higher level of self-criticism tended to result in a higher level of social anxiety that was strengthened in the group of lower level of self-forgiveness versus a tendency for self-criticism to increase male social anxiety was weaker in the group with a higher level of self-forgiveness. However, the moderating effect of self-forgiveness was not significant in female students and only the main effect of self-criticism on social anxiety was significant. The results provide a basis to understand the psychological processes of social anxiety in college students. The results suggest the necessity to intervene and strengthen self-forgiveness as a protective factor to alleviate the negative effects of self-blame on social anxiety in male college students.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.185-194
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of fatigue, anxiety, depression, and cognitive function on the quality of life of gastrointestinal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: Data were collected from a total of 141 participants. The measurements used were Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy for fatigue (FACIT-F), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for cognitive function (FACT-Cog). Results: Significant correlations were found among fatigue, anxiety, depression, cognitive function, and quality of life. The mean score of quality of life was 59.60 out of 108, and 68% of the variance in QOL was explained by fatigue, anxiety, depression, and cognitive function. Cognitive function was the most influential factor (β=.30), followed by anxiety (β=-.27), depression (β=-.24), and fatigue (β=-.18). We found that the better the cognitive function, the lower the anxiety and depression, and the lower the degree of fatigue, the higher the quality of life. Conclusion: A nursing program for managing the changes in fatigue, anxiety, depression, and cognitive function should be provided to enhance maintenance and the improvement of the quality of life for gastrointestinal cancer patients who receive chemotherapy.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.77-92
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review depression and anxiety associated with pain during scaling procedures, and to establish measures for reducing scaling pain encompassing not only physical factors but also psychological aspects of patients. This study also attempts to reduce anxiety through proper patient education prior to scaling procedures. Methods: In Seoul, and Gyeonggi area from July 26, 2017 to August 19, 2017, there were 327 copies of questionnaire data collected, excluding 23 questionnaires with insufficient information such as missing entries. The following inductions were made based on data collected. Results: There are positive correlations between pain and depression, dental anxiety, trait anxiety, and state anxiety. Especially, stronger correlation is present between pain and dental anxiety. Depression (${\beta}=0.439$, p<0.001) is the most influential factor associated with pain. Next is dental anxiety (${\beta}=0.292$, p<0.001). Higher the depression and dental anxiety tend to increase pain over scaling procedure. This model is with adjusted explanatory power of 28.2%. Conclusions: The result demonstrates that there is a correlation between scaling pain and depression, dental anxiety, trait anxiety, and state anxiety. Especially, depression and dental anxiety were prominent factors in affecting scaling pain. Therefore, considering aforementioned-findings, a dental hygienist's positive attitude may help in reducing the pain of the patient during scaling procedures, by affecting the psychological state of the patient and reduce the anxiety through proper education prior to scaling procedures.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.135-148
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• 2013

The aim of this study is to analyze affecting factor on the job finding stress of university students majoring occupational therapy. We collected data for 7days from 12 to 19 July, 2012. This study was surveyed 270 university students majoring occupational therapy was located in the Pusan and South Kyungnam region. It was found that mean score of the job find stress was $2.12{\pm}0.57$. There was statistically significant difference in the physical symptom, depression, anxiety and sub-domain on the job finding stress by gender, age, the economic status, region of birth, the state of employment, employment determinants, job finding stress relief, advice for job finding(p<0.05). From the multiple regression analysis, it was found that affecting factor on the job finding stress was personal characteristics, job related characteristics, stress relief characteristics, physical symptom, depression, anxiety which was statistically significant difference(p<0.05). As a result, we could know that they must relieve the physical symptom, depression and anxiety for lowering job finding stress of university student majoring occupational student.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.437-441
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• 2012

Objective: Health risk appraisal is often utilized to modify individual's health behavior, especially concerning disease prevention, and web-based health risk appraisal services are being provided to the general public in Korea. However, little is known about the psychological effect of the health risk appraisal even though poorly communicated information by the web-based service may result in unintended adverse health outcomes. This study was conducted to explore the psychological effect of health risk appraisal using epidemiological risk factor profile. Methods: We conducted a randomized trial comparing risk factor list type health risk appraisal and risk score type health risk appraisal. We studied 60 women aged 30 years and older who had no cancer. Anxiety level was assessed using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory YZ. Results: The results of multivariate analysis showed that risk status was the independent predictors of increase of state anxiety after health risk appraisal intervention when age, education, health risk appraisal type, numeracy, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and health risk appraisal type by risk status interaction was adjusted. Women who had higher risk status had an odd of having increased anxiety that was about 5 times greater than women who had lower risk status. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that communicating the risk status by individual health risk appraisal service can induce psychological sequelae, especially in women having higher risk status. Hospitals, institutes, or medical schools that are operating or planning to operate the online health risk appraisal service should take side effects such as psychological sequelae into consideration.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2011

Objective : This study aimed to ascertain the effect of interpersonal sensitivity/resilience on depression and anxiety in firefighters whose frequency of exposure to traumatic events is high. Method : A survey was performed and data related to 75 firefighters were analyzed. Questionnaires included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). To assess the susceptibility or protector roles with respect to psychopathology, the Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure (IPSM) and Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used. Results : The personality characteristic, interpersonal sensitivity (IPSM) showed a significant positive correlation with depression (BDI, r=0.557, p<0.001) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (IES-R, r=0.316 ; p<0.001). In contrast, resilience and symptom parameters (BDI, IES-R) were negatively correlated with each other, but not statistically significant. However, an adaptive factor for change, a third sub-factor of CD-RISC, had significant negative correlation with depression and anxiety symptoms (BDI, r=-0.275, p<0.005 ; IES-R, r=-0.254, p<0.005). Conclusion : The results of the present study showed that some personality traits may act as vulnerability or protective factors with respect to the psychopathologies of depression and anxiety.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 1991

It has long been accepted that test anxiety is developed by parent-child relationship. The purpose of this study was to investigate the parent influence on student's test anxiety. The Korean Form of Test Anxiety Inventory(TAI-K) and the Parent Attitude Scale were used. 481 primary school-and 500 high school students were participated in the study. The results were as follows ; 1) The parental factor identified as 'rejecting' was positively correlated with students' test anxiety, while the parental factor identified as 'rearing as self-controlled being' was negatively correlated. 2) The students who identified their parents as 'being achievement-oriented' reported significantly higher test anxiety than those who identified their parents as 'accepting'. Many studies also report that high test anxiety interferes with student's performance. Therefore, parents should accept and understand their children in order to alleviate test.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.2771-2776
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate an association between anxiety, cellular phone addiction and adjustment to college life in undergraduate students using structural equating model (SEM). This study was verify whether adjustment to college life mediated the relationship between anxiety and cellular phone addiction. Participants of this study were 479 undergraduate students in Gwangju city in accordance to convenience sampling. SPSS 15.0 was employed for descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, calculation for cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient, exploratory factor analysis. Also, AMOS 7.0 was employed for confirmative factor analysis and path analysis of casual relation among variables and effect. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, anxiety had a negative effect on adjustment to college life and adjustment to college life had a negative effect on cellular phone addiction. Second, anxiety had a positive effect on cellular phone addiction. Third, it was founded that adjustment to college life partially mediated the relationship between anxiety and cellular phone addiction.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.253-272
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• 2015

This study analyzed library awareness and anxiety among people in their 20s living in East Asia. The objective is to develop the international library cooperation agenda for life-long education proliferation. User groups in Korea, China, and Japan were investigated to understand the differences in library awareness based on the situational contexts such as preferred resources, use frequency, educational level, and gender. Results of the data analysis showed the correlation between library anxiety and use patterns such as preferred information sources and frequency of use. Specifically, the user group in China has the highest level of library anxiety with every factor. Also, the Korean user group was measured to have the lowest level of library anxiety in terms of digital information factor. Based on these results, the study presents several recommendations for resolving library anxiety such as embracing new information need with regard to environmental change and suggesting a new space policy for libraries.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1251-1254
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• 2015

Background: To compare prevalence of anxiety in ovarian cancer patients following primary treatment to that of normal women and to examine predicting factor. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 56 ovarian cancer patients who had primary surgical treatment within the past five years (cancer group) and 56 age-matched women who attended an outpatient clinic for check-ups (non-cancer group) were recruited from June 2013 to January 2014. The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), was used to determine anxiety level of the participants with the score of ${\geq}11$ suggestive of anxiety. The prevalence of anxiety symptoms and mean HADS scores for anxiety were compared between the study groups. For those with ovarian cancer, associations of demographic and clinical factors with anxiety was examined. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Participants in the non-cancer group had higher rate of medical comorbidity, higher salary, and more frequent university education. The prevalence of anxiety was not different between the groups, at 7.1% each. The mean HADS scores for anxiety subscale were not significantly different between the groups, 5.0 in the cancer group vs 6.1 in the non-cancer group (p=0.09). On multivariable analysis, no demographic or clinical factors significantly associated with anxiety were identified. For the cancer group, no association between any particular factors and anxiety was demonstrated. Conclusions: The prevalence of anxiety in women with ovarian cancer following primary treatment was comparable to that of normal women seeking routine check-up.