• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.108-117
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between allergic diseases, general anxiety disorder, and depressive symptoms among Korean adolescents. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted on the findings of the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2022). The study included 51,850 adolescents and analyzed the relationships among allergic diseases, general anxiety disorder, and depressive symptoms using complex samples logistic regression analysis. Results: Among the Korean adolescents, 12.7% experienced general anxiety disorder, while 28.7% experienced depressive symptoms. The prevalence of allergic diseases was 5.7% for asthma, 36.3% for allergic rhinitis, and 22.2% for atopic dermatitis. General anxiety disorder was associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis but not atopic dermatitis. Depressive symptoms were associated asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Conclusion: Examining the correlation among allergic diseases, general anxiety disorder, and depressive symptoms in adolescents underscores the need for implementing suitable strategies. Moreover, when addressing general anxiety disorder and depressive symptoms in adolescents, it becomes crucial to consider the presence of allergic diseases.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

Objectives : By comparing the prevalence rates of suicide-related behaviors (suicide ideation, plan and attempt) between depressive disorder and anxiety disorder patients, we tried to find the characteristics of suicide-related behaviors in these patients. Methods : Four hundred-three patients participated in the study and the prevalence rates of suicide-related behaviors were investigated using Korean version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview plus. Pearson Chi-Square test was used to find the association between depressive or anxiety disorders and suiciderelated behaviors. Results : Statistically significant differences were found between depressive disorder group and anxiety disorder group in terms of suicide ideation ($X^2$=6.173, df=1, p=0.013) and suicide attempt ($X^2$=8.008, df=1, p=0.005). We also found that patients in depressive disorder group were more likely to have suicide ideation (Odds Ratio=2.049, 95% Confidence Interval=1.155-3.635), and attempt suicide (Odds Ratio=4.970, 95% Confidence Interval=1.466-16.845) than patients in anxiety disorder group. Conclusion : These findings suggest that suicide ideation and suicide attempt rates are higher in depressive disorders than in anxiety disorders.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2015

Objective : The aim of the study was to investigate the difference in alexithymia between anxiety disorder and depressive disorder. The second was to evaluate the effect of alexithymia on quality of life in patients with anxiety disorder and depressive disorder. Methods : A total of 175 patients with diagnoses of anxiety disorder or depressive disorder were recruited. Demographic, psychosocial, and clinical data were analyzed, as well as results on the 20-item Toronto alexithymia Scale (TAS-20K), the Symptom Checklist-90-Re-vised (SCL-90-R), a quality of life scale, the Beck Depression scale, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Results : As compared with the patients with anxiety disorder, patients with depressive disorder showed significantly higher total score on the TAS-20K and for factor 1 (difficulties identifying feelings) and factor 2 (difficulties describing feeling) scales of the TAS-20K and showed significantly lower scores of psychosocial well-being on the quality of life scale. Total scores on the TAS-20K correlated significantly with scores for some subscale on the quality of life scale. Conclusion : This study suggest that patients with depressive disorder had more alexithymic symptoms and worse quality of life compared with those with anxiety disorder. Also, alexithymic symptoms are found to be associated with quality of life. Therefore, clinicians should try to focus on relieving symptoms to help patients restore their psychological well-being and improve their quality of life.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to explore comparison of clinical characteristics among Anxiety disorder, Depressive disorder, and Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder. Methods : Since January, 2017 to May, 2019, patients were recruited from the department of psychiatry of Hanyang University Guri Hospital. Participants were diagnosed Anxiety disorder, Depressive disorder, and Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder using DSM-5 criteria by board certified psychiatrists or clinical psychologists. And each of participants tested with MMPI-2 and clinical psychologists were converted MMPI-2 to MMPI-2-RF. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results : The results indicated EID, RC2, HLP, SAV, and INTR-r were the highest in Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder group. And BXD, RC4, JCP, and AGGR-r were the highest in Depressive disorder group. Conclusions : The results indicated that Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder group were more severe internalizing dysfunction like lower positive emotion, helplessness, social avoidance and discomfort than single-diagnosed group. Single Depressive disorder group were more serious externalizing dysfunction like anger and aggression than single Anxiety disorder and Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder. The implications and limitations were discussed.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

Major depressive disorder causes significant dysfunction and disability. Many of depressed patients tend to have cormobid anxiety disorders, substance use disorders and personality disorders, and so on. In this study, we reviewed researches about the effects of comorbid anxiety disorder, substance use disorder on depressive symptoms, progress, treatment, etc. In addition, the latest knowledges related to treatment was reviewed. If the symptoms of anxiety disorder coexist, They leads to the deterioration of the course and has an adverse effect on treatment response. Comorbid substance use disorder, such as alcohol dependence, causes worsening of symptoms and progression, and a loss of therapeutic response. Therapeutic clinical guidelines and instructions to comorbid psychiatric disorders on major depressive disorder was not established clearly, but consensus-based or evidence-based studies will be necessary for treatment for comorbid psychiatric disorders on major depressive disorder.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2008

Objective : This study examined whether major depressive disorder patients with anxiety traits displayed abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha asymmetries. Methods : Resting EEG was recorded in 11 outpatients with major depressive disorder (6 of whom had a high anxiety trait while 5 exhibited a low anxiety trait) and 6 controls. Results : In contrast to the controls, within the major depressive disorder patient group, comorbid anxiety disorder showed alpha asymmetry indicative of less activation over right than over left temporal sites. Patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder but no anxiety disorder showed a reduced temporal alpha asymmetry, supporting the potential importance of evaluating anxiety in studies of regional brain activation, in depressed patients. Conclusion : These findings suggest that anxiety is associated with brain hypoactivation, especially with right temporal hypoactivation.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.216-222
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• 2015

Objectives The principal aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristic depressive symptoms in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and panic disorder in comparison to patients with depressive disorder. Methods This study included 132 patients with SAD, 128 panic disorder and 64 depressive disorder (major depressive disorder, dysthymia etc.) patients without comorbid psychiatric disorders. The Beck Depressive Inventory (BDI) is used to measure depressive symptoms. We divided BDI into three categories originally described by Shafer AB, including negative attitude toward self, performance impairment, and somatic symptoms. We compared the depressive symptoms of SAD, panic disorder and depressive disorder by using ANOVA. Results Negative attitude toward self was noticeable in SAD (SAD $0.54{\pm}0.23$, panic disorder $0.41{\pm}0.17$, depressive disorder $0.46{\pm}0.11$, p < 0.001). Performance impairment and somatic symptoms were remarkable in panic disorder than in SAD and depressive disorder (performance impairment : SAD $0.39{\pm}0.21$, panic disorder $0.44{\pm}0.14$, depressive disorder $0.40{\pm}0.09$, p = 0.009 ; somatic symptoms : SAD $0.07{\pm}0.10$, panic disorder $0.15{\pm}0.12$, depressive disorder $0.14{\pm}0.08$, p < 0.001). Conclusions The results facilitate an approach to optimal treatment for patients with comorbidity of anxiety disorder and depression.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2011

Objective : Depressive symptoms often coexist with other anxiety disorder symptoms. Furthermore, an anxiety disorder that is comorbid with a depressive disorder results in more severe symptoms and a poorer outcome prognosis. To understand the construct of depressive symptoms in anxiety disorder, this study investigated the factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory among outpatients with anxiety disorders. Methods : All data were from psychiatric department outpatients at a university-affiliated hospital. We conducted a principal component analysis using data from 194 outpatients with DSM-IV anxiety disorders and calculated goodness-of-fit-indices. Results : Exploratory factor analysis revealed a four factor structure--Cognitive-affective symptoms (Factor 1), Somatic symptoms (Factor 2), Self-reproach (Factor 3), and Hypochondriasis/indecisiveness (Factor 4)--and a 57% total variance. This four-factor model demonstrated an acceptable level of model fit, and it fit better than did a three-factor solution from the literature on depressive disorder. Conclusion : This study's results suggest a difference in the construct of self-reported depressive symptoms in anxiety disorders. These findings also support a dimensional approach to studying anxiety and depression. Further studies may benefit from including comorbid depressive disorder and its influence on anxiety disorders.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2003

This is a case report of a patient with mixed anxiety and depressive disorder treated by Punsimgieum. The symptoms of the patient were anxiety(agitation), numbness(paresthesia), nausea, dyspepsia, insomnia and hopelessness. In this case, we administrated Punsimgieum to a patient suffering from anxiety and depressive disorder symptoms. After administration of Punsimgieum medication clinical symptoms improved Punsimgieum showed desirable effect on anxiety and depressive disorder symptoms.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2023

Objective : This study aimed to find out whether the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) scales are useful in distinguishing social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and major depressive disorder. Methods : The study sample included 118 patients: 33 with social anxiety disorder, 53 with major depressive disorder, and 32 with panic disorder. Participants were classified according to the diagnosis indicated on their medical records. MMPI-2-RF scores were derived from MMPI-2 protocols. Results : The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that the elevated scales were consistent with the diagnostic and clinical characteristics of each diafnostic group. Logistic regression analyses identified several scales that were useful in differentiating the diagnostic groups. The higher Cognitive Complaints (COG) scale significantly differentiated major depressive disorder from the other groups. The higher Self-Doubt (SFD) scale and Somatic Complaints (RC1) scale were useful in differentiating social anxiety disorder and panic disorder respectively. The lower Cynicism (RC3) scale was also useful in differentiating social anxiety disorder. Other scales that were useful in distinguishing between pairs of groups were also identified. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that the MMPI-2-RF scales can be useful for discriminating anxiety disorders.