• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2009

In previous studies, we found that Annexin I (Anx I) was co-secreted with insulin in response to glucose, and that extracellular Anx I stimulated the release of insulin via the Anx I binding site in rat pancreatic islets and the &-cell line. However, the role that Anx I plays in the insulin secretion was not established. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the insulin secretion pattern in response to Anx I and the involvement of the cytoskeleton or PKC in Anx Istimulated insulin secretion in MIN6N8a cells. The peak time of insulin secretion in response to Anx I treatment corresponded with the second phase insulin secretion by glucose in the perifused pseudoislets. In addition, Anx I-stimulated insulin secretion was not affect by readily releasable pool depletion. Taken together, these findings indicate that Anx I treatment was associated with movement of the reserve pool of insulin. Furthermore, Anx I-stimulated insulin secretion was attenuated by treatment with a microfilament inhibitor, cytochalasin B, as well as by PKC down regulation. These results indicate that Anx I may be a regulator of second phase insulin secretion.

• Psychiatry investigation
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.1053-1063
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• 2018

Objective This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Korean Anxiety Screening Assessment (K-ANX) developed for screening anxiety disorders. Methods Data from 613 participants were analyzed. The K-ANX was evaluated for reliability using Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlation, and test information curve, and for validity using focus group interviews, factor analysis, correlational analysis, and item characteristics based on item response theory (IRT). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the K-ANX were compared with those of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). Results The K-ANX showed excellent internal consistency (${\alpha}=0.97$) and item-total coefficients (0.92-0.97), and a one-factor structure was suggested. All items were highly correlated with the total scores of the BAI, GAD-7, and Penn State Worry Questionnaire. IRT analysis indicated the K-ANX was most informative as a screening tool for anxiety disorders at the range between 0.8 and 1.6 (i.e., top 21.2 to 5.5 percentiles). Higher sensitivity (0.795) and specificity (0.937) for identifying anxiety disorders were observed in the K-ANX compared to the BAI and GAD-7. Conclusion The K-ANX is a reliable and valid measure to screen anxiety disorders in a Korean sample, with greater sensitivity and specificity than current measures of anxiety symptoms.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2015

연구목적 이 연구는 외상성 뇌손상 환자들 중 금전적 보상 추구 여부에 따라 나타난 성격평가질문지(PAI) 결과의 특징에는 어떠한 차이가 있는지 알아보기 위하여 실시되었다. 방 법 일 대학병원 정신건강의학과에 내원하여 PAI를 실시한 외상성 뇌손상 환자들을 대상으로 보상추구 여부에 따라 보상집단(N=22)과 치료집단(N=14)으로 나누어 각 집단의 PAI 전체척도와 하위척도 프로파일을 비교분석하였다. 결 과 타당성척도에서 보상집단은 치료집단에 비해 부정적 인상 척도(NIM)점수는 유의하게 높았고, 긍정적 인상척도(PIM)점수는 유의하게 낮았다. 전체 임상척도에서 보상집단은 치료집단보다 신체적 호소(SOM), 불안(ANX), 불안관련 장애(ARD), 우울(DEP), 정신분열병(SCZ) 척도에서 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 하위 임 상척도에서 보상집단은 치료집단보다 신체화(SOM-C), 정서적 불안(ANX-A), 공포증(ARD-P), 우울(DEPC, A, P), 초조성(MAN-I), 과경계(PAR-H), 사고장애 및 정신병적 경험(SCZ-T, P), 정서적 불안정 및 부정적 부정적 관계(BOR-A, N), 자극추구(ANT-S) 척도에서 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 보조척도에서 보상집단이 치료집단보다 자살관념(SUI), 비지지(NON), 신체적 공격(AGG-P) 척도 점수가 유의하게 높았고, 치료거부척도(RXR) 점수는 유의하게 낮았다. 결 론 외상성 뇌손상 환자 중 보상추구 여부에 따라 PAI 상에서 타당도와 대부분의 전체 및 하위 임상척도에서 유의한 차이가 있었으며 보상집단은 증상을 더욱 과장하고 부정적으로 왜곡하는 반응을 나타냈다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 1986

This study was attempted to identify the emotional characteristics of temporomandibular disorder patients. The author applied one of the self-report modes of psychological measurement, Symptom Chechlist-90-Revision. The subjects were 219 TM disorder patients who visited the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital during the period from December 1985 to September 1986. All the patients were divided into subgroup according sex, age, duration of symptoms, presence or absence of T-scores of each symptom dimension and global index. The obtained result were as follows : 1. Mean value of T-scores of each symptom dimension and global of the overall patients was within normal range. The two higher mean values of T-scores among 9 symptom dimensions were those of SOM and ANX. 2. Mean values of T-scores of females were higher than those of males in the O-C, DEP, ANX, HOS, PSY dimensions and all global indices, and there was a significant difference in the distribution of T-scores of the SOM dimension between males and female(P<0.05). 3. There was no significant difference between the subgroup under 30 years and the subgroup 30 years or older. 4. The subgroup with symptoms for 6 months or longer showed the higher mean values of T-scorers in the SOM, O-C, I-S, DEP, ANX, PHOB, PAR, PSY dimensions and all global indices compared with the subgroup with symptoms for shorter than 6 months. 5. The subgroup with pain showed the higher mean values of T-scores in all the symptom dimensions except the PAR in comparison with the subgroup with other complaints than pain, and there was a significant difference in the distribution of T-scores of the PST index between the pain subgroup and the non-pain subgroup(P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the distribution of T-scores of the PHOB dimension between the high-school graduates subgroup and the college graduates subgroup(P<0.05).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.257-267
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• 2008

정신신체질환은 개개인의 서로 다른 성격, 정서적 스트레스에 대한 반응과 기질적인 요소 등이 함께 반응하여 소화기계, 순환기계, 호흡기계 및 근골격계 등에 수많은 질환을 야기하며, 그 중에 만성통증도 역시 포함한다. 구강안면 영역의 증상으로 내원하는 이유 중 가장 많은 비율을 차지하는 것은 통증이며 증상에 영향을 주는 기여요인은 생물학적 요인, 행동요인, 환경요인, 사회요인, 정서요인, 인지요인 등을 포함한다. 이러한 기여요인은 개인의 성격, 인성에 좌우되어 증상의 경로에 영향을 미치게 된다. 통증에 있어 수면은 하나의 기여요인으로 작용하며, 통증은 수면장애를 가져오거나 악화시키기도 하며, 수면장애 역시 통증을 악화시킬 수 있다. 수면의 질의 저하는 정서적 스트레스를 가속화 시킬 수 있는 한 요인으로 작용할 수 있다. 이에 구강안면 영역에 증상을 보이는 환자에게 비교적 정확하고 간단하게 시행할 수 있는 수면의 질 평가 및 정신 검사를 필히 시행하여 평가해야 한다. 본 연구는 PSQI를 통한 수면의 질 평가와 간이정신진단검사(SCL-90-R)를 비교 평가하여 수면과 정서적, 심리적 상태와의 관계를 규명하고자 하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. poor sleeper 는 남자가 18명, 여자가 1명이었으며, PSQI 총수면 지수는 남자에서 $6.11{\pm}2.38$, 여자에서 $4.67{\pm}2.18$로 나타났다. SCL-90-R 지수는 남녀간 차이를 보이지 않았고 poor sleeper에서 신체화(SOM), 강박증(O-C), 대인예민성(I-S), 불안(ANX), 공포불안(PHOB), 정신증(PSY)에서 유의성 있게 높은 평균치를 보였으며 전체 심도지수(GSI), 표출증상합계(PST)가 유의성 있게 높았다. 또한 수면의 질에 따른 SCL-90-R의 T-점수는 주관적 수면의 질이 나쁠수록 강박증(O-C), 대인 예민성(I-S)에서, 수면장애가 심할수록 편집증(PAR), 정신증(PSY), 표출증상합계(Positive symptom total, PST)가, 주간수면장애에서는 우울(DEP), 불안(ANX), 적대감(HOS), 공포불안(PHOB), 편집증(PAR), 전체 심도지수(GSI)에서 유의하게 높은 평균치를 보였다. 이와 같이 수면의 질과 정서적 상태는 서로 밀접한 연관성을 지닌다고 할 수 있으며, 이는 구강안면 영역의 만성 통증에 영향을 미치리라 생각된다. 이에 구강안면통증을 다루는 임상가들은 환자의 수면의 질과 정서적 상태에 대해 적절히 평가하는 것이 반드시 필요하며, 추후 구강안면통증에 있어 수면과 정서적, 심리적 인성관계에 대한 연구가 더 필요하리라 사료된다.

• 한국심리학회지:학교
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.315-337
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• 2019

이 연구는 PAI-A 증보판 척도가 청소년기 문제행동에 대한 내재화, 외현화 분류를 반영하고 있는지를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 PAI-A 증보판 하위척도 31개 및 자살관념(Suicidal Ideation, SUI) 척도 점수를 가지고 탐색적, 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 선행연구와 공통적으로 불안(Anxiety, ANX)과 우울(Depression, DEP)의 하위척도 및 자살관념(SUI) 척도는 내재화에, 반사회적 특징(Antisocial Features, ANT)과 공격성(Aggressive, AGG)의 하위척도는 외현화에 분류되었다. 주목할 만한 특징으로 경계선적 특징(Borderline Features, BOR)의 하위척도에서 정서적 불안정성(Affective Instability, BOR-A), 정체감 문제(Identity Problems, BOR-I), 부정적 관계(Negative Relationships, BOR-N)는 내재화에, 자기손상(Self-Harm, BOR-S)은 외현화에 분리되어 부하되었다. 이후 도출된 내재화 및 외현화 요인구조가 새로운 표본에도 적용될 수 있는지를 확인하기 위해 탐색적 요인분석에 사용된 표본을 제외한 350명의 표본을 무선추출하여 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 내재화 및 외현화 분류의 적합도가 양호한 수준에 근접한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 PAI-A의 척도들이 문제행동에 대한 내재화 및 외현화 분류와 이론적 관련성을 가지고 있다고 볼 수 있겠다. 이러한 연구 결과를 근거해서 향후 학교 장면에서 청소년들의 문제행동 평가에 PAI-A 증보판의 활용을 기대할 수 있다. 마지막으로 이 연구의 의의와 제한점을 논의하였다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.467-477
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• 1999

Personality characteristics of orofacial pain patients was analyzed psychologically by means of the SCL-90-R. 36 TMD patients, 20 burning mouth syndrome(BMS) patients, 31 trigeminal neuralgia(TN) patients, 20 control I and 28 control II were subjected at Orofacial pain clinic, Department of Oral Medicine and Health Promotion Center, Pusan National University Hospital during the period from 1998 to 1999. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Mean values of T-scores on 9 basic scales in all the groups were within normal range. 2. The T-scores of SOM, O-C, ANX and HOS in TMD patient group were significantly higher than those in control I group, but there was no significant difference in all scales between TMD patient group and control II group. 3. The T-scores of SOM in BMS patient group was significantly higher than those in control I group, but there was no significant difference in all scales between BMS patient group and control II group. 4. The T-scores of SOM in TN patient group was significantly higher than those in control II group. 5. As compared with present and absent of the history of systemic diseases, there was no significant difference of the scales in TMD, BMS and TN patient groups but the T-scores of the patient groups with the history of systemic diseases tended to higher than those of the patient group without the history of systemic diseases. 6. As compared with acute and chronic groups, the T-scores of O-C, I-S, PAR, PSY in chronic BMS patient group were significantly higher than those in acute BMS patient.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2012

Objectives : This research was investigated to evaluate the psychological characteristics and changes of psychological state among dental orthodontic patients. Methods : This cross-sectional questionnaire research was conducted with 230 dental orthodontic patients in Busan from December 23, 2009 to March 6, 2010. The psychological analysis of dental orthodontic treatment patients was performed with Symptom checklist-90-revision(SCL-90-R) considering 5 general characteristics and 2 treatment period related characteristics. Estimated psychological results were changed T-score. Data analysis was performed with descriptive analysis, t-test and ANOVA using SAS(ver 9.1) program. Results : The levels of T-score of SCL-90-R were $43.88{\pm}7.50$ in hostility(HOS), $43.38{\pm}4.64$ in phobic anxiety(PHOB), $43.20{\pm}6.24$ in somatization(SOM), $42.13{\pm}6.71$ in paranoid ideation(PAR), $41.39{\pm}8.16$ in interpersonal sensitive(I-S), $41.01{\pm}7.90$ in obsessive-compulsive(O-C), $40.96{\pm}5.37$ in psychoticism(PSY), $40.96{\pm}5.19$ in anxiety(ANX) and $39.81{\pm}6.80$ in depression(DEP), respectively. The T-score of phobic anxiety in before treatment group was higher than that of treatment groups. The T-score of interpersonal sensitive and paranoid ideation in over 36 months treatment period group were higher than that of other treatment period groups. Conclusions : Phobic anxiety(PHOB), interpersonal sensitive(I-S) and paranoid ideation(PAR) were affected in pre-treatment and long-term treatment dental orthodontic patients. Psychological management methods considering treatment period are needed to improve mental health of dental orthodontic patients.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2002

연구목적 : 수면관련 호흡장애 (sleep-related breathing disorder, SRBD)는 생명을 위협하는 중요한 질환으로 유병율이 매우 높다. 본 연구의 목적은 일차성 코골이 (PS) 환자와 폐쇄성 수면무호흡증 (OSA) 환자들이 보이는 정신의학적 증상들을 조사하는데 있다. 방법 : 동아대학교병원 수연장애 클리닉에 내원, SRBD가 의심되어 수면다원검사를 시행한 환자 중, SRBD로 확진받은 80명 (PS 29명 OSA 51 명)을 연구대상으로 하였다. 다면적 인성검사 (MMPI)와 간이정신진단검사 (SCL-90-R)를 실시하여 PS군과 OSA군의 정신의학적 증상들을 조사 분석하였다. 결과 : 전체 SRBD 환자군은 MMPI의 건강염려증(Hs), 우울증(D), 히스테리(Hy) 척도와 SCL-90-R의 선체화(SOM) 척도의 증가율이 타 척도보다 더 높았다. 이런 현상은 PS와 OSA로 구분하였을 때도 두군 모두에서 3가지 신경증 척도들의 증가율이 높았다 두군간의 비교에서, SCL-90-R의 강박증 (O-C, t=2.14), 우울증 (DEP, t=2.44), 편집증 (PAR, t=2.56), 전체 심도지수 (GSI, t=2.32) 척도(이상 p<0.05) 및 신체화(SOM, t=2.46), 표출 증상합계 (PST, t=2.75) 척도(이상 p<0.01)의 평균점수, 그리고 MMPI의 건강염려증(Hs, t=3.39) 척도와 SCL-90-R 신체화 (SOM, t=6.52) 척도의 증가율이 PS군보다 OSA군에서 유의하게 높았다(모두 p<0.05). 반응 척도와 수면 변인들 간의 상관관계 조사에서, 몇몇 심리 반응 척도들 즉, OSA군의 MMPI(D, Pt, Si) 및 SCL-90-R(ANX, PAR, PSDI) 척도와 PS군의 MMPI(Hy, Pt, Si) 및 SCL-90-R(I-S, PAR. PSDI) 척도, 그리고 PS군의 MMPI 척도 증가율(E')이 수면효율과 서파수면시간 등의 다양한 수면변인들과 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과는 SRBD 환자들이 신체화 경향을 주로 하는 신경증적 특정을 보이고 있음을 시사한다. 또한 비록 OSA군이 PS군에 비하여 정신의학적 증상을 더 심하게 호소하고 있지만, PS군도 일반인구보다 정신의학적 증상을 더 많이 호소하고 있었다. 이 결과는 OSA군뿐만 아니라 PS군에 대한 정신의학적 관심이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2005

Objective : This empirical research is performed to recognize diagnostic concept, pattern identification, and clinical features of Hwa-byung. In other words, the aims of this research are to examine the differences of the diagnosis between Hwa-Byung and the other psychiatric disorders, and to find out pattern identification, and clinical characteristics of Hwa-Byung for prescriptions of this syndrome. Method : In the experiment, there were participated 30 patients who were met for our criterions according to HBDIS (Hwa-Byung Diagnostic interview Schedule). These patients were diagnosed as Axis1 according to criterions of DSM-IV with administering SCID-I. OMS-prime was utilized for finding out pattern identification of oriental medicine. Symptom Check List-90-Revision(SCL-90-R), Hemilton rating Scale for Depression(HRSD), Heart Rate Variability(HRV), and Digital Infrared Thermographic imaging(D.I.T.I.) were also utilized to discover clinical characteristics of Hwa-Byung Patients. Results : 1. Regarding Sex-ratio, male subjects were 3(10%), and female subjects are 27(90%). The age of subjects ranged from 22 year old to 75 $(51.87{\pm}11.04;\:Mean{\pm}SD)$ 2. In the results of diagnosis on the basis of DSM-IV, the 17(56.67%) patients were MOD (Major Depressive Disorder), the 5(16.67%) patients were USD (Undifferentiated Somatoform Disorder), the 4(13.33%) patients were Dysthymic Disorder, the 3(10%) patients were GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder), and the 1(3.33%) was Panic Disorder. Two of the patients who diagnosed as MOD were diagnosed as Panic Disorder too, and one of them was diagnosed as Pain Disorder too. 3. Regarding pattern identification, Hwa-Byung is positively correlated to deficiency of Heart(心). and then to stagnancy of Liver-Gall bladder. Hwa-Byung is correlated deficiency symptom-complex rather than excessiveness symptom-complex. That is also correlated positively to Pathological heat and fire. 4. In SCL90-R, the mean of PSDI was $(75.3{\pm}10.7;\:Mean{\pm}SD)$. The each mean of the other 11 factors was distributed between50-70. 5. The mean of HRSD was $(17.9{\pm}5.6;\:Mean{\pm}SD)$ in the entire subject's group. Then the group of MDD was $20.9{\pm}4.4$ and the group of USD was $12.0{\pm}4.8$ 6. In the results of HRV. the mean of TP is $972.4{\pm}1174(Mean{\pm}SD)$, this is lower than normal range 1000-200. The other factors were within normal range. Then, there were no significant differences between them (p<0.05). 7. The temperatures of each acupoint have significant differences between HNl(印堂) and PC6(內關), between CV17(顫中) and PC6(內關), between HN1(印堂) and CV8(神闕), between CV17(顫中) and CV8(神闕) in comparison with the average of body temperature in the use of D.I.T.I. (p<0.01) 8. In the analysis of correlation between SCL-90-R, HRSD, HRV. and D.I.T.I. there were no significant results. According to results that the correlation was analyzed with only the MDD group as subjects, there was negative correlation between RMSSD of HRV and HRSD, between LF of HRV and PDSIof SCL-90-R, and between LF/HF of HRV and ANX, PSY, and PDSI of SCL-90-R. Conclusion : In the observation of clinical features of 30 cases of Hwa-Byung patients by using diverse structured tests, there could make diverse diagnosis as depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and Somatoform Disorder. Particularly. MDD was highly distributed. Considering oriental medicine's pattern identification of Hwa-Byung, this syndrome is related strongly to Heart, and there were demonstrated deficiency symptom-complex, and Pathological heat and fire. One of the limits of this study is lack of control subject's group, therefore, in the future study, it requires reexamination through a comparative research with these data to complete this study.