• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.21 no.2 s.34
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• pp.133-145
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• 2005

Eight species of bithyniids, Bithynia leachi, B. tentaculata, B. siamensis, B. misella, B. kiusiuensis, B. striatula, Bithynia sp. from Nepal and Gabbia australis were collected from 1957 to 1988. The samples were relaxed with pentobarbital and fixed with 70% ethyl alcohol. There was no significant difference in internal structure of soft body, except the male reproductive system. The alimentary canal of the bithyniids consisted of mouth, buccal mass, esophagus, stomach, intestine, rectum and anus. The heart consisted of an auricle and a ventricle, located at left side of the stomach in the visceral hump. The ctenidium comprised 40-70 subtriangular lamellae. Eight ganglia were located around upper esophagus. The female reproductive system comprised ovary, oviduct, spermaaheca, and albumin gland. The male reproductive system was composed of testis, seminal vesicle, prostate gland, vas deferens, penial duct, and penis in order. Male was distinguished externally from the female by a bifid penis.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.203-207
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• 2000

The synaphobranchid eel, Dysomma anguillare was redescribed on the basis of a specimen collected from the Yellow Sea, Chollabuk-do, Korea. The D. anguillare was characterized by many fleshy plicae at the front of upper and lower jaws, dorsal fin originated in slight advance than pectoral fin base, degenerated eyes, very short trunk and long tail, anus located below near tip of pectoral fin and no scales.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.136-138
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• 2008

Townes-Brocks syndrome (TBS) is an autosomal dominant disorder with multiple malformations which include dysplastic ears, hearing loss, preaxial polydactyly and/or triphalangeal thumbs, imperforate anus, renal anomalies, congenital heart defects, and mental retardation. However, hypothyroidism is not a common feature of TBS. There have been only three reported cases of TBS associated with hypothyroidism. We report the first case of TBS associated with hypothyroidism in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.13-24
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• 2014

This study analyzes the effects of hospital caseload on medical charges and length of stay for inpatients. Hospital caseload, representing the level of concentration of patients, was measured with the Internal Herfindal Index for three diagnosis related group (DRG) codes (appendectomy, operations on anus, and operations on uterus and adnexa). Ordinary least squares regression was used for analysis. Results showed that medical charges per inpatient and average length of stay significantly differed with respect to hospital concentration indices, and that hospital caseload was inversely related to operational performance for appendectomy and operations on uterus and adnexa. The significant negative relationship between concentration index and length of stay may decrease the total medical charges. The results imply that the expansion of the DRG payment system to hospitals will have a negative influence on their gross sales.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.507-512
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• 2012

One leptocephalus (TL 59.9 mm) from the family Ophichthidae collected from Jeju Island, Korea, was identified using morphological and molecular methods. Our ophichthid leptocephalus was identified as belonging to the genus Muraenichthys based on morphological characters: 157 myomeres; the origin of the dorsal fin located a little in front of the anus; a distinct melanophore present on the opercle; and six gut swellings present. An analysis of 886 base pairs of the 12S rRNA mtDNA sequences showed that our leptocephalus must be Muraenichthys gymnopterus, because its sequences were concordant with those of an adult M. gymnopterus (d=0.001) and next to those of Muraenichthys sp. leptocephalus (d=0.034). Here, we are the first to describe the morphological characteristics of the M. gymnopterus leptocephalus.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.138-138
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• 2002

A 10-day old male calf exhibited multiple congenital anomalies of the urinary and gastrointestinal tracts, including renal fusion (horseshoe kidney), ureteral fusion, rectovesicular fistula, and atresia ani. The single kidney was fused at the caudal poles. The left kidney and cranial half of right kidney were shrunken, while the remaining lobules were hypertrophic. Ureters were fused cranially and bifurcated caudally. The terminal rectum was narrowed and connected with the bladder. The anus was imperforate. The cause of these anomalies could not be determined. This is the first report of this constellation of congenital anomalies in a calf.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.252-259
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• 2003

Hemorrhoid generally refers to a prolapsed nodule in the anus, and major symptoms are swelling, bleeding, pain. itching, and rectal discharge. For severe conditions, that is stage Ⅲ & Ⅳ, hemorrhoidectomy is commonly performed by surgeons. Yet, many patients are afraid of postoperative recurrence, and complications such as pain, wound bleeding, urinary retention, and dyschezia are not avoidable. We treated two patients with Stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ. and both of the cases were diagnosed as the hemorrhoid due to "moist and heat of the large intestine". After a couple of times of treatment only with SaAhm acupuncture, the symptoms were improved to the degrees where no discomfort could be found in the daily living.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.260-265
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• 1990

Pungitius sinensis specimens were collected from the Namdae River and Chusu River drained into Sea of Japan, and their morphological characters were investigated to determine if this species shows sexual dimorphism. The ratio of the head length to the body length revealed marked sexual difference; the head length in males was longer than in females. The snout length and body depth at anus showed a tendency to be larger in males than in females. This dimorphism seems to be related to breeding habits. The ethological significance of the larger head of males was discussed.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.491-495
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• 2005

The morphology of a leptocephalus Nettenchelys gephyra (Hettastornatidae) is described from one specimen collected of Pohang $(35^{\circ}46'N,\;129^{\circ}52'E)$ in the East Sea, Korea on December 2003. The body is laterally compressed. The body deepens gradually behind the head to the deepest point of the midbody range that is 15.8% of the standard length 31.7mm, then tapers gradually toward the tail. The anus is located somewhat posteriorly to midbody. There are two intestinal swellings, which are located at the 19th and 41st myomere, respectively. The vertical blood vessel's last location is at the 48th myomere. The lateral pigment spot begins at the 84th myomere.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 1999

A new species of gudgeon, Microphysogobio rapidus is described from 25 specimens collected from the Naktong River system, Korea. The new species is similar to Microphysogobio yaluensis but is distinguished from the latter and congeners by the combination of the following characteristics: number of papilla on the upper lip, 4.5 scales above the lateral line, short distance from the anus to the origin of the anal fin, wide scaleless area of the abdomen, nuptial colour consisting of a longitudinal green stripe on the lateral side of the body and bright blue colour of the suborbital region and operculum. A key to the species of Microphysogobio from Korea is also included.