• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 1996

Phaseolus aureus (mung bean), Leguminosae, has been used as an antidote from the ancient time. Especially, it has been widely used for cleaning face and skin in oriental countries. Although several constituents such as fatty acids, phytoallexin and phaseol derivatives were reported in P. aureus and related species including seedlings, there has been a few report to describe its biological activity. Therefore, in this investigation, the ethanol extract from P. aureus was obtained and its biological activities including the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities were studied. The 70% ethanol extract from P. aureus showed dose-dependent antioxidative activity (52.3% inhibition at 4 mg/ml) against lipid peroxidation assay, while the extract did not show the inhibitory activity of superoxide radical formation. The extract also showed the topical anti-inflammatory activity against croton-oil and arachidonic acid induced mouse ear edema test (18-19% inhibition at 7.5 mg/ear) as well as mild inhibitory activity against picryl chloride induced delayed hypersensitivity in mouse. For investigating active principles, vitexin and isovitexin (apigenin C-glycoside) as flavonoids, and adenosine were isolated from the extract using silica gel chromatography. The actual contents of vitexin and isovitexin were found to be 3.7 and 2.4 mg/g extract, respectively. Vitexin and isovitexin showed the antioxidative activity. They showed the topical anti-inflammatory activity, although the activities were not potent compared to the reference compounds. These results suggested that vitexin and isovitexin may be, at least in part, the compounds contributing the antioxidative activity in vitro and the topical anti-inflammatory activity of P. aureus in vivo. All results of present study might be one of the scientific rationale in using mung bean for skin care from the ancient time.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.412-417
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• 2009

In the course of screening for antioxidant compounds by measuring the radical scavenging effect on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl), a total extract of the twigs of Vitex rotundifolia (Verbenaceae) was found to show potent antioxidant activity. Subsequent activity-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract led to the isolation of three iridoid compounds, 10-O-vanilloylaucubin (1), 10-O-p-hydroxybenzoylaucubin (2) and aucubin (3), two C-glycoside flavones, vitexin (4) and orientin (5), and a quinic acid derivative, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic studies. Among them, compounds 5 and 6 showed the significant antioxidative effects on DPPH free radical scavenging test. In riboflavin-NBT-light and xanthine-NBT-xanthine oxidase systems, compounds 5 and 6 exhibited the formation of the blue formazan in a dose-dependent manner. Compounds 5 and 6 showed better superoxide quenching activities than vitamin C.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.453-457
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• 2003

Four flavonoids (1-4), a phenylethyl glycoside (5), and a phenylpropanoid glycoside (6) were isolated from the flowers of Buddleia officinalis (Loganiaceae). Their structures were determined by chemical and spectral analysis. Among the isolated compounds, luteolin (1) and acteoside (6) exhibited the most potent antioxidative activity on the NBT superoxide scavenging assay. In addition, compounds 1-6 revealed weak antifungal activity, and no hemolytic activity.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.291-296
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• 2014

Saururus chinensis has been reported to contain compounds such as lignans, alkaloids, diterpenes, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and lipids. Fermentation is commonly used to break down certain undesirable compounds, to induce effective microbial conversion, and to improve the potential nutraceutical values. Previous studies have reported that the fermentation process could modify naturally occurring constituents, including isoflavons, saponins, phytosterols, and phenols, and could enhance biological activities, specifically antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The probiotic strains used for fermentation exert beneficial effects and are safe. In this study, the antioxidative effects of the Bacillus subtilis fermentation of Saururus chinensis were investigated in a rat model with Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemia by comparing the measured antioxidative biological parameters of fermented Saururus chinensis extract to those of nonfermented Saururus chinensis extract. Fermentation played a more excellent role than nonfermentation in ultimately protecting the body from oxidative stress in the liver of the experimental rats with Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.43-49
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• 2004

Three flavonoids, quercetin, taxifolin, and kaempferol were isolated from the woods of Liriodendron tulipifera. Their structures were determined by spectral analysis. Based on 1, l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity method, the antioxidative activities of three isolated compounds and their acetates were measured in order to search for natural antioxidants. The IC₅₀ of quercetin (1), taxifolin (2), and kaempferol (3) were 3.6, 3.9, and 4.1 ㎍/㎖, respectively.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.257-262
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• 2000

The roots of Cynanhum caudatum (Asclepiadaceae) have been used in folk medicine in Japan and China for the prevention and treatment of various geriatric diseases and also as a cardiotonic agent. Constituents of this plant have mainly been examined for glycosides: besides two steroidal alkaloids, gagaminine and gagamine which was firstly isolated by us, more than 35 polyoxypregnane glycosides and aglycones have also been identified. Gagaminine inhibits potently the hepatic aldehyde oxidase activity and lipid peroxidation in vitro. The present work deals with the comparison of antioxidative activities of gagamine, a new pregnane alkaloid, three isolated polyoxypregnanes containing a keto group at C-20 with those of gagaminine, a potent antioxidant, in order to explain the structure-activity relationships. The results of this study further prove that the cinnamoyl group of gagaminine is very important for the inhibition on the aldehyde oxidase activity while the nicotinoyl group is necessary for anti-lipid peroxidation. Besides that, the keto compounds having no ester group at C-12 were found to be more active than the others except gagaminine.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Abnormal changes in skin color induce significant cosmetic problems and affect quality of life. There are two groups of abnormal change in skin color; hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation. Hyperpigmentation, darkening skin color by excessive pigmentation, is a major concern for Asian people with yellowe-brown skin. A variety of hypopigmenting agents have been used, but treating the hyperpigmented condition is still challenging and the results are often discouraging. Panax ginseng has been used traditionally in eastern Asia to treat various diseases, due to its immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, antioxidative, and antitumor activities. Recently, several reports have shown that extract, powder, or some constituents of ginseng could inhibit melanogenesis in vivo or in vitro. The underlying mechanisms of antimelanogenic properties in ginseng or its components include the direct inhibition of key enzymes of melanogenesis, inhibition of transcription factors or signaling pathways involved in melanogenesis, decreasing production of inducers of melanogenesis, and enhancing production of antimelanogenic factor. Although there still remain some controversial issues surrounding the antimelanogenic activity of ginseng, especially in its effect on production of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide, these recent findings suggest that ginseng and its constituents might be potential candidates for novel skin whitening agents.

• Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 2002

The material of Rhodiola sachatinensis collected from an alpine region of the west-northern China. For analysing the effect, 1 used Rhodiola sachatinensis's rhizome and cultivated callus. In EtOAc, BuOH, $H_2O$ separation the plant showed strong antioxidative activity, but not in Hexane. The radical scavenging effect of EtOAc(RC$_{50}$,35(g), BuOH(RC$_{50}$, 43(g), H$_2$0(RC$_{50}$, 50(g) fraction and MeOH extract(RC$_{50}$, 50(g) of the Rhodiola sachatinensis was comparable to that of synthetic antioxidant BHA(RC$_{50}$, 14(g) and $\alpha$-Tocopherol(RC$_{50}$, 12(g). Total amino acid concentration of plant of In nature condition were 18,009ppm, and major components were arginine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and valine. The ratio of essential/total amino acid on plant of In nature condition was 46.93%. Total amino acid concentration of callus of In vitro condition were 32,435ppm, and major components were valine, histidine, lysine and leucine. The ratio of essential/total amino acid on callus of In vitro condition was 56.07%. was 56.07%.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.236-240
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• 2004

Acanthopanax species (Araliaceae) traditionally has been used as analgesics, stimulant of immune system, and replenishment of body functions. Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus is indigenous plant to Korea. The antioxidant activities of compounds from A divaricatus var. albeofructus were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay on human plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The triterpenoid and lignan constituents from this plant showed antioxidant activities and the lignan, l-sesamin exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity in Cu$^{2+}$ -induced LDL oxidation.n.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.520-524
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• 2013