• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.292-292
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of anti-obesity and antioxidant enzyme activities in vitro by different solvent fractions from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata. The cytotoxicity of different solvent fractions of C. lanceolata on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were evaluated using the MTT assay, the rate of cell survival progressively decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Butyl alcohol fraction at $200{\mu}g/mL$ exhibited a pronounced cytotoxic effect (75.73%) on 3T3-L1 cell comparable to that of the hexane fraction (79.82%), methylene chloride fraction (84.02%), ethyl acetate fraction (87.62%) and DW fraction (86.30%) at the same concentration. The Oil Red O solution was used to determine whether different solvent fractions of C. lanceolata induce adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Confluent 3T3-L1 cells were treated with $50{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of solvent fraction extracts from C. lanceolata. Inhibitory degree of lipid accumulation against solvent fraction extracts showed a significant level compared with the control. Both lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation showed relatively high effect on methyl chloride fraction. The root extract of C. lanceolata had the highest SOD enzyme activity of 84.5% in ethyl acetate partition layer and while water partition layer of diploid showed the lowest SOD enzyme activity of 57.9%. The activity of CAT, APX and POD showed a significantly higher activity in ethyl acetate partition layer compared with the other fraction. These results suggested that the roots of C. lanceolata may assist in the potential biological activity on anti-obesity and antioxidant capacity.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.403-410
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• 2021

본 논문은 대체식품 및 화장품 원료로 사용되는 미강을 발효를 통해 기능성과 경쟁력을 증가시키는 것을 목표로 하였다. 5종류의 누룩에서 분리한 Saccharomycopsis fibuligera 50종의 균주 중 효소 활성이 우수한 6균주와 표준균주를 이용한 발효미강물의 𝛼-amylase, CMCase, 𝛽-glucosidase, protease 등의 효소 활성을 통해 비교한 결과, A8균이 KCTC 7806 균주에 비하여 13.7%, 21.1%, 50.3%, 10.0%의 우수한 효소 활성을 보였다. 발효의 결과지표로서 ABTS, DPPH 검사를 시행한 결과, A8으로 발효한 미강이 KCTC 7806 균주로 발효한 미강에 비하여 1.12배, 1.28배의 항산화능이 있음을 확인하였다. 본 논문으로, S. fibuligera 표준균주인 KCTC 7806 보다 우수한 S. fibuligera A8 균주를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 선행연구과제의 항염활성 및 항독성 결과와 더불어 우수한 효소 활성과 항산화능 결과를 통해 S. fibuligera A8 균주를 통한 미강 발효물이 대체식품 및 화장품 원료로서의 기능성과 가격 경쟁력을 증가시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.492-498
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• 2012

Phytochemicals have been known to exhibit potent antioxidant activity. This study examined cytoprotective effects of phytochemicals including quercetin, catechin, caffeic acid, and phytic acid against oxidative damage in SK-Hep-1 cells induced by the oxidative and non-oxidative metabolism of ethanol. Exposure of the cells to excess ethanol resulted in a significant increase in cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid hydroperoxide (LPO), and antioxidant enzyme activity. Excess ethanol also caused a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the quantity of reduced glutathione (GSH). Co-treatment of cells with ethanol and quercetin, catechin, caffeic acid and phytic acid significantly inhibited oxidative ethanol metabolism-induced cytotoxicity by blocking ROS production. When the cells were treated with ethanol after pretreatment of 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP), increased cytotoxicity, ROS production, antioxidant enzyme activity, and loss of MMP were observed. The addition of quercetin, catechin, caffeic acid and phytic acid to these cells showed suppression of non-oxidative ethanol metabolism-induced cytotoxicity, similar to oxidative ethanol metabolism. These results suggest that quercetin, catechin, caffeic acid and phytic acid have protective effects against ethanol metabolism-induced oxidative insult in SK-Hep-1 cells by blocking ROS production and elevating antioxidant potentials.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.768-774
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• 2010

전통발효주 막걸리의 기능성을 증명하기 위하여 S사막걸리로부터 구입한 막걸리 침전물의 여러 가지 생리활성에 대하여 조사하였다. 우선 막걸리 침전물 열수 추출물의 항산화 효과를 측정하기 위해 DPPH radical 소거능과 SOD 유사활성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 DPPH법을 통해 측정한 막걸리 침전물 열수 추출물의 radical 소거능은 10 mg/ml에서 48.0%으로 나타났으며, 농도가 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 SOD 유사활성은 10 mg/ml 농도에서 98.7%로 비교적 높은 SOD 유사활성을 보였다. 항고혈압 활성 측정 실험에서는 현재 시판되고 있는 항고혈압제인 captopril은 0.1 mg/ml에서 93.4%의 ACE 억제효과가 나타났고, 막걸리 침전물 열수 추출물 10 mg/ml에서는 74.0%의 높은 저해 활성을 나타내었다. 따라서, 막걸리 침전물 열수 추출물은 인체에 부작용이 적은 천연 항고혈압소재로서 이용가능성이 높은 것으로 사료된다. 아질산염 소거능 측정 실험에서는 positive control인 Vit. C1 mg/ml의 경우 pH 1.2와 3.0에서는 74~64%, pH 6.0에서는 45%의 소거능을 보인반면, 막걸리 침전물 열수 추출물의 경우 pH 1.2와 3.0에서는 51~42%, pH 6.0에서는 28%의 소거능을 나타내었다. 막걸리 침전물 열수 추출물의 숙취해소 효능은 ADH와 ALDH 활성증진에 막걸리 침전물 열수 추출물이 미치는 영향을 조사함으로써 증명하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 알콜과 acetaldehyde 분해능은 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과들은 막걸리 침전물의 우수한 기능성으로서의 이용 가능성에 대한 기초자료로 그 가치가 기대된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of soybean on blood glucose and lipid concentrations, and antioxidant enzyme activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) patients. We divided patients into two groups and fed them, respectively, a basal diet(control group) and a basal diet with 69 g/d of soybean(soybean group) for 4 weeks. Pills with roasted soybean powder were provided to the soybean supplementation group three times a day. Macronutrients intake except dietary fiber was similar between the two groups. No significant differences were observed in dietary intakes or body weight before and after the supplementation. Energy composition ratio of C:F:P was 65:19:16 in the control group, 64:20:16 in the soybean group. The blood parameters of subjects before supplementation, such as fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose level, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and $HbA_1C$ were not different between the two groups. After supplementation, fasting blood glucose(p<0.001), postprandial glucose level(p<0.001) and serum triglyceride level(p<0.05) were significantly reduced in the soybean group in comparison with the control group. The total cholesterol level was not significantly different between the control and the supplemented group after 4 weeks of treatment. TBARS levels of the soybean group were not significantly different from those of the control group. The activities of catalase(p<0.01) and glutathione peroxidase(p<0.05) were significantly higher in the soybean group compared to the control group. The results of this study suggest that soybean supplementation would be helpful to control blood glucose and serum lipid in diabetic patients. Also, soybean showed an antioxidant activity that may contribute to enhance the effect of antioxidant defense. This activity contributes to protection against oxidative damage in type 2 DM patients. Soybean may have potential use in the disease management of patients with DM.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.29.1-29.6
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• 2016

In the present study, we investigated to the antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of the northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) by-products (PBB) hydrolysates prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis. The antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activities of five enzymatic hydrolysates (alcalase, protamex, flavourzyme, papain, and trypsin) of PBB were evaluated by the 2, 2'-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] ($ABTS^+$) radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities, reducing power and Li's method for ACE inhibitory activity. Of these PBB hydrolysates, the protamex hydrolysate exhibited the most potent ACE inhibitory activity with $IC_{50}$ value of $0.08{\pm}0.00mg/mL$. The PBB protamex hydrolysate was fractionated by two ultrafiltration membranes with 3 and 10 kDa (below 3 kDa, between 3 and 10 kDa, and above 10 kDa). These three fractions were evaluated for the total amino acids composition, antioxidant, and ACE inhibitory activities. Among these fractions, the < 3 kDa and 3-10 kDa fractions showed more potent $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity than that of > 10 kDa fraction, while the > 10 kDa fraction exhibited the significant reducing power than others. In addition, 3-10 kDa and > 10 kDa fractions showed the significant ACE inhibitory activity. These results suggested that the high molecular weight enzymatic hydrolysate derived from PBB could be used for control oxidative stress and prevent hypertension.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.298-304
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• 2006

This study was carried out to elucidate the relationship among exercise, bone mineral density and antioxidant enzyme activity of postmenopausal women. 60 women residing in the Iksan, Korea area were recruited. The questionnaires were designed to find out exercise habits. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Parameters of antioxidative capacity, including the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (TA) were analyzed in fasting blood. The mean age, height, weight, and BMI of subjects were 65.0 years, 151.1 cm, 59.5 kg $26.0\;m/kg^2$, respectively. The mean BMDs of subjects were $0.85\;g/cm^2$ (lumbar spine), $0.6\;g/cm^2$ (Femoral neck), $0.49\;g/cm^2$ (trochanter), and $0.40\;g/cm^2$ (Ward's triangle). There was a significant difference in BMD among different age groups (50's, 60's and 70's) showing lower value with increasing age (p<0.05). The mean SOD, GPx, and CAT activities were 138.5 U/mL, 1,273.8 U/mL and 314.3 kU/L respectively, and TA was 1.16 mmol/L. TA of the group which exercised 3$\sim$4 times a week was significantly higher than those of the other exercise groups (p<0.05). The subjects with higher SOD activity also have a higher the T values in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, trochanter, and Ward's triangle. In conclusion, this study revealed that the levels of antioxidant enzyme activity were closely associated with the exercise status and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2006

Effects of garlic powder supplementation on blood lipid profile and antioxidant system were investigated in rats with and without swimming exercise. Sprague-Dawley rats of four experimental groups were fed for 4 weeks diets containing $15\%$ beef tallow and $1\%$ cholesterol; control without garlic and exercise, Go with $2\%$ garlic alone, Ex with exercise alone, GoEx with $2\%$ garlic and exercise. Rats were trained 40 min a days a days a week. Group Ex and GoEx showed significant lowering in body weight gain and fat accumulation. In Go, Ex and GoEx, plasm TG and LDL-C were lower and HDL-C was higher, although not significantly, compared to levels in control. Total cholesterol was significantly reduced in group Go, and Ex and GoEx were lower than control. The total/HDL cholesterol ratio was also found to be significantly different, decreasing the ratios in Go, Ex and GoEx. The hepatic TBARS increased significantly in group Ex $(51.7{\pm}3.43nM/g\;liver)$, while TBARS in Go and GoEx were low $(35.68{\pm}3.61,\;39.30{\pm}5.55nM/g\;liver)$ and similar to control's one. The activity of hepatic SOD in Go and GoEx tended higher than control and Ex without garlic. The hepatic catalase showed significantly the highest activity in Go. Activity of GSH-px was significantly low in Ex with $0.14{\pm}0.03$ unit/mg protein, and control, Go and GoEx had higher activities of $0.23{\pm}0.08,\;0.20{\pm}0.07,\;0.22{\pm}0.01\;unit/mg$ protein, respectively. Lower activities of antioxidant enzymes in Ex are likely to associated with the highest level of TBARS. It seems that a decrease in TBARS in GoEx relative to Ex was related to the increase in GSHpx and SOD with garlic supplemented, which led to compensate the oxidative stress from exercise. The results suggests that exercise or garlic supplement exerts blood lipid attenuating effect. In adition, garlic supplementation could strengthen the antioxidant potential against exercise-induced oxidants, partly by modulating oxidant enzyme activity. These effects of garlic may make it a beneficial agent on CVD.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the effect of soy isoflavone on plasma nitrite concentration and the antioxidant enzyme activities of erythrocyte and the liver using adult male rats fed high fat diet. Seven-week old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups and fed high fat diet (15% beef tallow, 1 % cholesterol; control: IF0) or high fat diets containing isoflavone 80 ppm (IF80) or 320 ppm (IF320) for 10 weeks. Plasma nitrite concentration as a vasodilator, and antioxidant enzyme activities in erythrocytes and the liver were measured. Plasma nitrite concentration was increased by 45% and 35%, respectively, in IF80 and IF320 than in IF0 group. Erythrocyte catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities increased by 31 %, 30% and 40% in IF320 compared to IF0 group. Especially, erythrocyte GR activity increased by 61 % in IF80 group. However, catalase activity in the liver was decreased in IF80 group. GPx and GR activities in the liver were not differ among groups. The results suggest that soy isoflavone have the protective effect against risk factors related with cardiovascular disease by improving vasodilator factor, nitrite, and antioxidant enzyme activities in blood. (Korean J Nutrition 38(2): 89～95, 2005)

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.289-297
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• 2006

This study examined the effect of hesperidin supplementation with an ethanol diet on lipid and antioxidant metabolism in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups (n=10), and were assigned to one of two dietary categories: $E_8$, ethanol diet (50 g/L) for 8 wks; $E_8H_4$, ethanol diet for the first 4 wks and hesperidin (0.02%, w/w) supplemented ethanol diet for the last 4 wks. The plasma and hepatic lipids, hepatic cholesterol regulating enzyme activity, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation were determined. Supplementation with hesperidin for the last 4 wks during the 8 wks period of the ethanol diet, significantly increased the ADH activity. In conjunction with the chronic administration of ethanol, hesperidin supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in the hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations compared to the $E_8$ group. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase and ACAT activities were significantly lower in the hesperidin-supplemented group. When comparing hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, SOD, GSH-Px, and G6PD activities and GSH level were significantly higher in the $E_8H_4$ group than in the E8 group. Plasma TBARS levels were significantly lower in rats fed ethanol with hesperidin compared to the rats fed only ethanol; however, the hepatic TBARS levels were not significantly different between the groups. Accordingly, the additional hesperidin supplement with an ethanol diet might be effective for improving the hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system.